全文获取类型
收费全文 | 17976篇 |
免费 | 355篇 |
国内免费 | 81篇 |
专业分类
管理学 | 1947篇 |
劳动科学 | 31篇 |
民族学 | 295篇 |
人才学 | 4篇 |
人口学 | 2510篇 |
丛书文集 | 1870篇 |
理论方法论 | 859篇 |
综合类 | 4288篇 |
社会学 | 4815篇 |
统计学 | 1793篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 12篇 |
2023年 | 44篇 |
2022年 | 132篇 |
2021年 | 151篇 |
2020年 | 110篇 |
2019年 | 119篇 |
2018年 | 1772篇 |
2017年 | 1814篇 |
2016年 | 1204篇 |
2015年 | 289篇 |
2014年 | 331篇 |
2013年 | 452篇 |
2012年 | 725篇 |
2011年 | 1688篇 |
2010年 | 1606篇 |
2009年 | 1343篇 |
2008年 | 1376篇 |
2007年 | 1528篇 |
2006年 | 565篇 |
2005年 | 705篇 |
2004年 | 520篇 |
2003年 | 466篇 |
2002年 | 334篇 |
2001年 | 233篇 |
2000年 | 170篇 |
1999年 | 139篇 |
1998年 | 86篇 |
1997年 | 78篇 |
1996年 | 108篇 |
1995年 | 75篇 |
1994年 | 40篇 |
1993年 | 46篇 |
1992年 | 33篇 |
1991年 | 22篇 |
1990年 | 26篇 |
1989年 | 19篇 |
1988年 | 19篇 |
1987年 | 10篇 |
1986年 | 6篇 |
1985年 | 7篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1966年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
11.
Economic theory establishes that pension privatization weakens the link between old and young and so reduces the incentive to invest in public education in an economy with lower return rate of capital than growth rate of wage. However, empirical studies of the link change are few. In this paper, we investigate the effects of pension privatization and the central government’s subsidy to individual accounts on public education spending in a three-period overlapping generation model. And then, we take contemporary pension reforms in a number of Chinese provinces as offering natural experiment conditions. Using a difference-in-difference framework and 282 municipal districts panel data over years 1998–2009, we test the pension-education theoretical link change. Both our theoretical and empirical results confirm that pension privatization is adversely associated with local public spending on education in China. Private pension subsidies, moreover, magnify this effect. Our study supports the theoretical assertion and selective empirical findings of a negative intergenerational effect of pension privatization. 相似文献
12.
From the inception of the proportional representation movement it has been an issue whether larger parties are favored at
the expense of smaller parties in one apportionment of seats as compared to another apportionment. A number of methods have
been proposed and are used in countries with a proportional representation system. These apportionment methods exhibit a regularity
of order, as discussed in the present paper, that captures the preferential treatment of larger versus smaller parties. This
order, namely majorization, permits the comparison of seat allocations in two apportionments. For divisor methods, we show
that one method is majorized by another method if and only if their signpost ratios are increasing. This criterion is satisfied
for the divisor methods with power-mean rounding, and for the divisor methods with stationary rounding. Majorization places
the five traditional apportionment methods in the order as they are known to favor larger parties over smaller parties: Adams,
Dean, Hill, Webster, and Jefferson.
Received: 5 August 2000/Accepted: 24 October 2001 相似文献
13.
14.
Uta Gerhardt 《The American Sociologist》2002,33(2):5-39
This article places an episode in the history of sociological theory into intellectual history in the twentieth century. The
perspective is chronological as well as contextual. The themes are two theoretical approaches, both embedded in both American
and German history, Parsonian Systems Theory and “Frankfurt School” Critical Theory. The chronology shown spanned mainly from
the 1940s to the 1960s. The context of the two theories is a period that is crucial in twentieth century history. The protagonists
of the two approaches were, in the 1940s, Americans and Germans exiled in the United States. In the 1950s, both approaches
were affected by McCarthyism in different ways. The 1960s, however, were the culmination. The dynamics of the two approaches
led into a schism which came into the open on the occasion of the 1964 German Sociology Conference in Heidelberg celebrating
Max Weber. The article shows the stages in the evolution of the schism, emulating three acts in a drama. The final split was
over whether Weber or Marx should be the classic whose oeuvre was to influence sociological thinking today. My aim is to exemplify
how these two authoritative approaches in sociological theory, far from escaping the vagaries and vicissitudes of their times,
were embedded in twentieth-century history. 相似文献
15.
In light of use by airline unions of partial-strike tactics, such as concerted refusals to bid for overtime work and so-called
” CHAOS” tactics involving unannounced refusals to fly after passengers have been ticketed and are ready to board, the authors
examine whether the Railway Labor Act (RLA) should be interpreted to permit employers to discipline employees for engaging
in such tactics, or whether these are a protected form of economic pressure. Although in many respects bargaining duties and
economic weapons under the RLA are read consonant with precedents under the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA) (which governs
all industries other than rail and air transport), there are a few decisions suggesting that during the period when self-help
may be resorted to, employees can engage in partial strike activities as long as they violate no court order but are subject
to permanent replacement in limited circumstances. These decisions, the authors submit, fail to take account of Supreme Court
decsions since the 1930s that some economic pressures by unions, such as slowdowns and sitins, may not violate the labor laws
but nor are they protected by those laws so as to immunize partial strikers from employer discipline. These decisions are
not based on unique features of the NLRA. Rather, they give recognition to the background assumptions of Congress that employers
may act to protect their property interests as long as they do not run afoul of NLRA or RLA protections and that employees
who engage in partial-strike activities are subject to employer discipline even where not strictly necessary to maintain operations.
Moreover, these tactics skew the bargaining process by giving employees an essentially risk-free gambit to pressure their
economic position through planned disruption of carrier operations.
Professor Estreicher is also labor and employment counsel to O’Melveny & Myers, LLP. The views expressed herein are the authors’
and should not be attributed to any organization. Hannah Breshin and Tom Jerman of O’Melveny & Myers, assisted the authors
with this article. We also thank Professor Herbert Northrup for his helpful comments. 相似文献
16.
森林可持续经营的政策支持体系——亚太区域示范林项目中国临安示范林实践 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
运用参与性诊断(即PRRA)方法对临安示范林地区的森林经营主要政策进行了诊断分析,找出了现行政策存在的问题,如:政策环境欠佳,产权政策不到位,税费政策不合理,林业产品生产、加工和销售脱节,森林生态效益补偿政策欠规范、不合理等.同时,运用参与性设计的方法对若干主要政策进行专项设计,并在此基础上,从优化森林可持续经营的政策环境和规范政策系统运行两方面入手,提出一套科学、合理和有效的适合当地水平的森林可持续经营综合设计方案,以促进示范林网络的发展. 相似文献
17.
从分析林译《浮生六记》与马丁·路德的翻译细则的碰撞入手 ,指出了新世纪的中国译学应是求同性与存异性的统一 ,既要广泛地批判吸收世界各国的译学传统 ,同时又要积极保持并展示自己文化的独立性与深度 相似文献
18.
Astrid Orthey 《Gruppendynamik und Organisationsberatung》2005,36(1):23-32
How are social networks organized and how much structure and openess do they have? The ambiguity of networking and the grade of organization are discussed and described theoretically and with an authentic example. 相似文献
19.
Günter F. Müller 《Gruppendynamik und Organisationsberatung》2005,36(3):325-334
This paper outlines the conceptual bases, strategies, and psychological attributes of leadership by self-leadership. In addition, relations to other theories of leadership are drawn. Dimensions and correlates of self-leadership competence are described and discussed. Various approaches for developing self-leadership competence are discussed as well. 相似文献
20.
吉旭 《盐城师范学院学报》2002,22(3):139-140
《中国近现代通俗文学史》(江苏教育出版社2 0 0 0年 4月版 ,以下简称《通俗史》)是由苏州大学范伯群教授领导的学术群体携手攻关、历时十余年而最终完成的 ,属国家社科“七五”重点项目。全书共分八编四十九章一百九十五节 ,约 1 40万字 ,资料翔实、理论新颖 ,是一部全方位、大纵深、开创性地勾画中国近现代通俗文学创作概况 ,并初步建构通俗文学研究理论框架的恢宏巨著。它的主要价值在于 :一、《通俗史》填补了中国近现代文学史上的一大空白 ,是一项开创性的学术工程。正如贾植芳先生在“序言”中说的 ,“是做着一件前人忽略了的工作” ,… 相似文献