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排序方式: 共有953条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
261.
Summary:
Based on a nonparametrically estimated model of labor market classifications, this paper makes suggestions for immigration policy using data from West Germany of the 1990s. It is demonstrated that nonparametric regression is feasible in higher dimensions with only a few thousand observations. In sum, labor markets are able to absorb immigrants are characterized by above average age and by professional occupations. On the other hand, labor markets for young workers in service occupations exhibit rising unemployment due to wage rigidities and are therefore not recommended for immigration. This raises a potential conflict between financing Germanys ailing social security system and protecting decreasing or rigid labor markets by immigration control.*We are grateful to Daron Acemoglu, Joshua Angrist, Herbert S. Buscher, Lars P. Feld, Simon Gächter, Ira Gang, Mark Killingsworth, Gebhardt Kirchgässner, Roger Klein, John Landon-Lane, Michael Lechner, Stephen Machin, Ruth Miquel, Michael Piore, Winfried Pohlmeier, Hans-Joachim Voth, two anonymous referees and seminar participants at Rutgers University, MIT, University of Konstanz, and University of St. Gallen for helpful comments. Markus Frölich gratefully acknowledges financial support by the Swiss National Science Foundation (NSF 4043-058311). Patrick Puhani gratefully acknowledges financial support by the Volkswagen Foundation, Hannover. We thank the Center for European Economic Research (ZEW), Mannheim, for letting us work with the full sample of the German Socio-Economic Panel. All remaining errors are our own. 相似文献
262.
263.
This article describes findings from a series of focus groups conducted with formal kinship caregivers in Maryland. The findings reveal that kinship caregivers are committed to providing safety and stability for the children placed with them. The findings also suggest that caregiving can be a significant adjustment for many kinship caregivers and that expanded support services are needed to enhance their relationship with the child welfare agency. 相似文献
264.
Patrick B. McNamee 《Long Range Planning》1984,17(1):19-22
The purpose of this article is to extend some of the ideas of Ciaran Walsh and Edward Mock presented in their article ‘Setting Corporate Objectives Using Required Market Earnings’ (Long Range Planning, Vol. 12 No. 5). It takes as its starting point the approach suggested by Walsh and Mock and developed a new type of corporate planning matrix: the V Matrix. It is hoped that the V Matrix will be a useful tool to help corporate planners quickly analyze past trends, assess their present position and plan future strategic actions. 相似文献
265.
Tripartite graphs have three types of nodes and ties exist only between nod this paper, we indicate the background of work in structural analysis that leads to the use of such graphs and we develop the associated matrix methods. Fundamentally, the idea is to move another step forward in our ability to treat in analytical terms the general phenomenon of overlapping inclusions, such as that of persons and groups. We relate this idea to classic concerns with the interpenetration of persons, social systems, and cultural systems. In detail, the framework and results generalize those of Breiger (1974) and Wilson (1982). 相似文献
266.
Yurika Nishioka Jonathan I Levy Gregory A Norris Andrew Wilson Patrick Hofstetter John D Spengler 《Risk analysis》2002,22(5):1003-1017
Increasing residential insulation can decrease energy consumption and provide public health benefits, given changes in emissions from fuel combustion, but also has cost implications and ancillary risks and benefits. Risk assessment or life cycle assessment can be used to calculate the net impacts and determine whether more stringent energy codes or other conservation policies would be warranted, but few analyses have combined the critical elements of both methodologies In this article, we present the first portion of a combined analysis, with the goal of estimating the net public health impacts of increasing residential insulation for new housing from current practice to the latest International Energy Conservation Code (IECC 2000). We model state-by-state residential energy savings and evaluate particulate matter less than 2.5 microm in diameter (PM2.5), NOx, and SO2 emission reductions. We use past dispersion modeling results to estimate reductions in exposure, and we apply concentration-response functions for premature mortality and selected morbidity outcomes using current epidemiological knowledge of effects of PM2.5 (primary and secondary). We find that an insulation policy shift would save 3 x 10(14) British thermal units or BTU (3 x 10(17) J) over a 10-year period, resulting in reduced emissions of 1,000 tons of PM2.5, 30,000 tons of NOx, and 40,000 tons of SO2. These emission reductions yield an estimated 60 fewer fatalities during this period, with the geographic distribution of health benefits differing from the distribution of energy savings because of differences in energy sources, population patterns, and meteorology. We discuss the methodology to be used to integrate life cycle calculations, which can ultimately yield estimates that can be compared with costs to determine the influence of external costs on benefit-cost calculations. 相似文献
267.
Mathias Dewatripont Patrick Legros Steven A. Matthews 《Journal of the European Economic Association》2003,1(4):890-930
We base a contracting theory for a startup firm on an agency model with observable but nonverifiable effort, and renegotiable contracts. Two essential restrictions on simple contracts are imposed: the entrepreneur must be given limited liability, and the investor's earnings must not decrease in the realized profit of the firm. All message game contracts with pure strategy equilibria (and no third parties) are considered. Within this class of contracts/equilibria, and regardless of who has the renegotiating bargaining power, debt and convertible debt maximize the entrepreneur's incentives to exert effort. These contracts are optimal if the entrepreneur has the bargaining power in renegotiation. If the investor has the bargaining power, the same is true unless debt induces excessive effort. In the latter case, a nondebt simple contract achieves efficiency—the noncontractibility of effort does not lower welfare. Thus, when the noncontractibility of effort matters, our results mirror typical capital structure dynamics: an early use of debt claims, followed by a switch to equity‐like claims. (JEL: D820, L140, O261) 相似文献
268.
269.
Bell Andrew Ward Patrick Tamal Md. Ehsanul Haque Killilea Mary 《Population and environment》2019,40(3):346-346
Population and Environment - The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. The name of “Md. Ehsanul Haque Tamal” is now corrected in the author group of this... 相似文献
270.
Bell Andrew Ward Patrick Tamal Md. Ehsanul Haque Killilea Mary 《Population and environment》2019,40(3):325-345
Population and Environment - A major impediment to understanding human-environment interactions is that data on social systems are not collected in a way that is easily comparable to natural... 相似文献