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Ladouceur R Sévigny S 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2005,21(2):117-131
Two studies investigated the effects of a video lottery terminal stopping device on gamblers thoughts and behavior. This structural characteristic allows players to voluntarily stop the spinning of the reels. The first study investigated the effect of this device on the development of illusions of control. It was predicted that players using the stopping device would believe that (1) symbols displayed could differ depending on when the game is stopped, (2) there is a possibility of controlling the outcome of the game, (3) skills may be a factor influencing the results, and finally (4) a stopping device would improve the probability of personal success (i.e., developing the illusion of control). The second study aimed to further evaluate the effects of the stopping device on gambling behavior. It was hypothesised that using the stopping device would encourage players to increase the number of games played in a session. Results confirmed all predictions and showed that offering a stopping device on video lottery terminals modifies gamblers cognition and behavior. The theoretical and practical implications of these results are discussed in the context of responsible gambling policies. 相似文献
994.
Ladouceur R 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2005,21(1):49-57
Despite its high prevalence, pathological gambling often remains untreated. It is estimated that only 10% of the pathological gamblers identified in prevalence studies will enter treatment. Within this small proportion, a high percentage will drop out. Despite the facts that some researchers argue against abstinence as the unique treatment goal and that regaining control appears to be possible for some pathological gamblers, abstinence has been the only treatment goal in most problem gambling interventions thus far. This paper examines the avenue of controlled gambling embedded in a harm reduction context as a viable solution for some pathological gamblers. 相似文献
995.
Although collaboration in child abuse investigations has been emphasized since 1974, barriers, including role conflicts and organizational differences, have often been reported. This study describes the process of collaboration based on the perceptions of investigators working with a Child Advocacy Center. Telephone interviews were conducted with 290 child protective service workers and law enforcement officers from 28 child advocacy centers in 20 different states. Respondents identified barriers to the process of collaboration such as conflicts over case control and facilitators including co-housing and cross-training. Conditions that should contribute to successful collaboration are discussed. 相似文献
996.
Resistance training has been shown to be the most effective exercise mode to induce anabolic adaptations in older men and women. Advances in imaging techniques and histochemistry have increased the ability to detect such changes, confirming the high level of adaptability that remains in aging skeletal muscle. This brief review presents a summary of the resistance-training studies that directly compare chronic anabolic responses to training in older (>60 years) men and women. Sixteen studies are summarized, most of which indicate similar relative anabolic responses between older men and women after resistance training. Relatively small sample sizes in most of the interventions limited their ability to detect significant sex differences and should be considered when interpreting these studies. Future research should incorporate larger sample sizes with multiple measurement time points for anabolic responses. 相似文献
997.
Cynthia?Needles?FletcherEmail author Steven?B.?Garasky Robert?B.?Nielsen 《Journal of Family and Economic Issues》2005,26(3):323-343
Growing evidence demonstrates the importance of transportation in improving family economic well being. This article sheds
light on the hardship that one important transportation asset, private vehicles, may exert on families. Data from the Iowa
Transportation and Employment Survey provided a unique opportunity to understand how vehicle access enables households to
meet their basic needs, but may exacerbate their problems through the creation of additional demands on resources. Approximately
26% of the sample reported having experienced transportation hardship. The strongest predictors of transportation hardship
were the presence of children in the household, low income, driving less reliable vehicles, and the unavailability of transportation
assistance from someone outside the household. How to help families meet their transportation needs in light of this evidence
remains open to debate. 相似文献
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Joar?Vitters?Email author Robert?Biswas-Diener Ed?Diener 《Social indicators research》2005,74(2):327-348
Cultural differences in response to the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) items is investigated. Data were fit to a mixed
Rasch model in order to identify latent classes of participants in a combined sample of Norwegians (N = 461) and Greenlanders (N = 180). Initial analyses showed no mean difference in life satisfaction between the two subsamples. After transforming the
ordinal raw scores into interval scales while simultaneously controlling for response bias, different results appeared. First,
approximately 80% of the participants in the Greenlandic subsample fit a latent class with a large degree of random responding
to the SWLS. Second, relative to the Norwegians, more Greenlanders were using extreme categories in responding to the SWLS.
After statistically controlling for this tendency, Norwegians were in general more satisfied with their lives than Greenlanders.
Third, Greenlanders who belonged to one specific latent class were more satisfied than their Norwegian counterparts. A salient
feature of this class was the relative unwillingness of respondents to change the circumstances of their lives if they were
given such an opportunity. The above results are a reminder of the care that must be used in analyzing survey data across
cultures. The analytical strategy applied in the article offers an improved approach to handling such data. 相似文献
1000.