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131.
Daniel Béland Paula Blomqvist Jørgen Goul Andersen Joakim Palme Alex Waddan 《Social Policy & Administration》2014,48(7):739-756
The debate about the future of universal social programmes has been raging for years, both in social‐democratic and in liberal welfare states. The objective of this article is to contribute to the literature on universality by analyzing the evolution of universal social programmes in two social‐democratic and two liberal countries: Denmark, Sweden, Canada and the UK. This choice of countries provides the opportunity to investigate whether the principle and practice of universality has fared differently both within and between countries. The analysis focuses primarily on the national level while exploring three policy areas: pensions, healthcare and family policy, specifically child benefits and day care. The main conclusion of our comparative analysis is clear: among our two liberal and two social‐democratic countries, the institutional strength of universality varies greatly from one policy area and one country to another. Considering this, there is no such a thing as a universal decline of universality. 相似文献
132.
Monica Leisey PhD MSW Paula K. Kupstas PhD Aly Cooper 《Journal of elder abuse & neglect》2013,25(2):141-155
Providing an adequate and effective community response to women age 50 and older who experience domestic violence is complicated by the oftentimes disparate goals and expectations of service providers, emergency responders, and victims themselves. This article shares information provided by participants of focus groups designed to understand and identify what women age 50 and older want and need from agencies that provide services to enhance victim safety. 相似文献
133.
Paula Fomby Stefanie Mollborn Christie A. Sennott 《Journal of marriage and the family》2010,72(2):234-253
We used data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (N = 7,686) to determine whether racial and ethnic differences in socioeconomic stress and social protection explained group differences in the association between family structure instability and three risk behaviors for White, Black, and Mexican American adolescents: delinquent behavior, age at first nonmarital sex, and age at first nonmarital birth. The positive association between mothers' union transitions and each outcome for White adolescents was attenuated by social protection. The association of instability with age at first sex and first nonmarital birth was weaker for Black adolescents but not for Mexican American adolescents. The weaker association was explained by Black adolescents' more frequent exposure to socioeconomic stress in the context of union instability. 相似文献
134.
Muñetón-Santa Guberney Escobar-Grisales Daniel López-Pabón Felipe Orlando Pérez-Toro Paula Andrea Orozco-Arroyave Juan Rafael 《Social indicators research》2022,162(3):1413-1435
Social Indicators Research - This work introduces a methodology to classify between poor and extremely poor people through Natural Language Processing. The approach serves as a baseline to... 相似文献
135.
Paula Elosua 《Social indicators research》2011,104(3):427-437
This article proposes a Thurstonian model in the framework of Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) to assess preferences among quality of life dimensions for the elderly. Data were gathered by a paired comparison design in a sample comprised of 323 people aged from 65 to 94 years old. Five dimensions of quality of life were evaluated: Health, Autonomy, Family and Social Support, Social Activities and Home Conditions. An unrestricted model was estimated and subjective preference values of dimensions were obtained. According to the subjective preferences, four groups of dimensions were established: Health-Autonomy-Home and Support-Social Activities. No differences among gender and age were found in the preference values. 相似文献
136.
137.
Paula B. Voos 《Journal of Labor Research》1987,8(1):19-30
This paper explores some implications of the economics of union organizing. Following the literature, it is argued that the
economic costs and benefits of organizing are systematically related to the proportion of the union’s jurisdiction already
organized. Evidence is presented that unions do allocate a smaller proportion of their budgets to organizing when a greater
proportion of their jurisdiction is already organized. Total union organizing expenditures, however, are found to increase
over a broad range as the percentage organized increases. The supply of union-organizing services to unorganized workers apparently
only declines at relatively high levels of union penetration. These critical levels of unionization have been attained only
by a few U.S. labor organizations. 相似文献
138.
Robert K. D. Peterson Steven J. Meyer Amy T. Wolf Jeffrey D. Wolt Paula M. Davis 《Risk analysis》2006,26(3):845-858
Genetically engineered maize (Zea mays) containing insecticidal endotoxin proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) delta-endotoxin proteins has been adopted widely in the Midwestern United States. The proteins are toxic to several lepidopteran species and because a variety of maize tissues, including pollen, may express the endotoxins, the probability of exposure to nontarget species, including endangered species, needs to be understood. The objective of this study was to assess the potential temporal and spatial exposure of endangered Karner blue butterfly larvae (Lycaeides melissa samuelis) to Bt maize pollen in Wisconsin using probabilistic exposure techniques and geographic information systems analysis. Based on degree-day modeling of butterfly phenology and maize pollen shed, there is some potential for temporal exposure of larvae to maize pollen. However, in the majority of years and locations, maize pollen shed most likely will occur after the majority of larval feeding on wild lupine (Lupinus perennis). The spatial analysis indicates that some Karner blue butterfly populations occur in close proximity to maize fields, but in the vast majority of cases the butterfly's host plant and maize fields are separated by more than 500 m. A small number of potential or existing Karner blue butterfly sites are located near maize fields, including sites in two of the four counties where temporal overlap is most likely. The exposure assessment indicates that these two counties should receive the highest priority to determine if Karner blue butterfly larvae are actually at risk and then, if needed, to reduce or prevent exposure. 相似文献
139.
140.
Abstract The causal processes accounting for the relationship between farm financial strain and depression are not well understood. Using data from a statewide survey of North Carolina farm operators, we develop a covariance structure model that specifies relationships among farm financial strain, perceived economic hardship in the household, personal control, and depression. Analyses reveal that the relationship between farm financial strain and depression is mediated by perceptions of economic hardship and personal control. Results point to the importance of differential resilience to objective economic problems instead of differential exposure to these problems. 相似文献