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961.
962.
Philip Kasinitz 《Sociological Forum》2008,23(2):373-378
In this essay, I discuss Robin M. Williams Jr.'s unique sociological approach to the study of race and the ways his background and the historical moment in which he wrote contributed to his sociological vision. 相似文献
963.
964.
This commentary provides an examination of the articles within this issue with a focus on common themes throughout. Each article is briefly reviewed in the context of how it contributes to four overarching themes of current intergenerational research. The articles within this issue also have implications for developing policy that fosters intergenerational relationships. This commentary concludes with a discussion of the complex issues that arise in creating such policy and utilizes Allport's (1954) "contact hypothesis" as a framework to guide future policy work addressing the myriad of issues within the realm of intergenerational relationships. 相似文献
965.
Richard G. Davies Olga Barbosa Richard A. Fuller Jamie Tratalos Nicholas Burke Daniel Lewis Philip H. Warren Kevin J. Gaston 《Urban Ecosystems》2008,11(3):269-287
The growing proportion of human populations living in urban areas, and consequent trends of increasing urban expansion and
densification fuel a need to understand how urban form and land use affect environmental quality, including the availability
of urban green spaces. Here we use Sheffield as a case study of city-wide relationships between urban green space extent,
quality (vegetation cover and tree-cover), and gradients in urban form and topography. The total area of buildings and length
of the road network are equally strong negative predictors of extent of green space, while the former predictor is a more
important negative influence upon green space quality. Elevation positively influences extent of green space but negatively
influences tree-cover. In contrast, slope of terrain positively influences green space quality and is the best predictor of
tree-cover. Overall housing density is a more important negative predictor of extent of green space and tree-cover than the
densities of individual housing types. Nevertheless, the latter are more important influences upon levels of vegetation cover.
Threshold effects of densities of different housing types suggest opportunities for optimising green space quality, with implications
for housing policy. Variation in ecological quality of green space may partly reflect different historical intensities of
industrial activity. 相似文献
966.
Philip Mendes 《Asian Social Work and Policy Review》2009,3(2):85-94
Some theories of globalization argue that it is producing a uniform reduction in social spending, while others claim that global influences are mediated by specific national factors. This article argues that the emergence of support for young people leaving state out-of-home care in almost all developed countries provides further evidence for the mediation thesis. Using Australia as a case study, attention is drawn to the commonality of poor outcomes for many care leavers, the different legislative and policy responses to these needs in a range of welfare states, and the role played by local and global researchers and policy advocates in bringing these needs to public and political attention. 相似文献
967.
Yi Zeng S. Philip Morgan Zhenglian Wang Danan Gu Chingli Yang 《Population research and policy review》2012,31(2):207-234
We estimate trends and racial differentials in marriage, cohabitation, union formation and dissolution (union regimes) for
the period 1970–2002 in the United States. These estimates are based on an innovative application of multistate life table
analysis to pooled survey data. Our analysis demonstrates (1) a dramatic increase in the lifetime proportions of transitions
from never-married, divorced or widowed to cohabiting; (2) a substantial decrease in the stability of cohabiting unions; (3)
a dramatic increase in mean ages at cohabiting after divorce and widowhood; (4) a substantial decrease in direct transition
from never-married to married; (5) a significant decrease in the overall lifetime proportion of ever marrying and re-marrying
in the 1970s to 1980s but a relatively stable pattern in the 1990s to 2000–2002; and (6) a substantial decrease in the lifetime
proportion of transition from cohabiting to marriage. We also present, for the first time, comparable evidence on differentials
in union regimes between four racial groups. 相似文献
968.
Michael G. Hudgens Ira. M. Longini Jr M. Elizabeth Halloran Kachit Choopanya Suphak Vanichseni Dwip Kitayaporn Timothy D. Mastro & Philip A. Mock 《Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series C, Applied statistics》2001,50(1):1-14
We estimate the transmission probability for the human immunodeficiency virus from seroconversion data of a cohort of injecting drug users (IDUs) in Thailand. The transmission probability model developed accounts for interval censoring and incorporates each IDU's reported frequency of needle sharing and injecting acts. Using maximum likelihood methods, the per needle sharing act transmission probability estimate between infectious and susceptible IDUs is 0.008. The effects of covariates, disease dynamics, mismeasured exposure information and the uncertainty of the disease prevalence on the transmission probability estimate are considered. 相似文献
969.
Chains and networks,territories and scales: towards a relational framework for analysing the global economy 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
A vast and continually expanding literature on economic globalization continues to generate a miasma of conflicting viewpoints and alternative discourses. This article argues that any understanding of the global economy must be sensitive to four considerations: (a) conceptual categories and labels carry with them the discursive power to shape material processes; (b) multiple scales of analysis must be incorporated in recognition of the contemporary ‘relativization of scale’; (c) no single institutional or organizational locus of analysis should be privileged; and (d) extrapolations from specific case studies and instances must be treated with caution, but this should not preclude the option of discussing the global economy, and power relations within it, as a structural whole. This paper advocates a network methodology as a potential framework to incorporate these concerns. Such a methodology requires us to identify actors in networks, their ongoing relations and the structural outcomes of these relations. Networks thus become the foundational unit of analysis for our understanding of the global economy, rather than individuals, firms or nation states. In presenting this argument we critically examine two examples of network methodology that have been used to provide frameworks for analysing the global economy: global commodity chains and actor‐network theory. We suggest that while they fall short of fulfilling the promise of a network methodology in some respects, they do provide indications of the utility of such a methodology as a basis for understanding the global economy. 相似文献
970.
Fifteen nondepressed, 15 moderately depressed, and 15 severely depressed women rated tape‐recordings of a newborn infant's hunger cry digitally altered to increase in fundamental frequency in 100 Hz increments. Cries were rated on 4 perceptual (e.g., arousing‐not arousing) and 6 caregiving rating scale items (e.g., cuddle, feed) used in previous studies (Zeskind, 1983). Analyses of variance showed that, as cry pitch increased, cries were rated as more arousing, aversive, urgent, and sick sounding. Highest pitched cries received highest levels of caregiving interventions. Severely depressed women rated cries as less perceptually salient and less likely to elicit active caregiving responses. Interaction effects showed that severely depressed women were least responsive to highest pitched cries. These results suggest that women's depression may alter perceptions of infant distress signals, especially at times of greater infant distress. 相似文献