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651.
Deficits in social cognition may impair the ability to negotiate social transactions and relationships and contribute to socio emotional difficulties experienced by some post‐institutionalized children. We examined false belief and emotion understanding in 40 institutional care‐adopted children, 40 foster care‐adopted children and 40 birth children. Both groups of adopted children were adopted internationally. Controlling for verbal ability, post‐institutionalized children scored lower than birth children on a false belief task. Almost half of the post‐institutionalized children performed below chance levels. The foster care group did not differ from either group on false belief understanding. The groups did not differ on emotion understanding after controlling for verbal ability. The results suggest that some post‐institutionalized children are delayed in false belief understanding. 相似文献
652.
653.
Abstract Uncertainty is a fundamental characteristic of medical practice. Renee Fox described three types of uncertainty: limitations in the body of medical knowledge, incomplete mastery of existing knowledge, and distinguishing between limitations and mastery of knowledge. This investigation administered ten Likert-format questions about uncertainty to 171 incoming medical students at one state medical school Items were reliable over a six week test-retest, and validity was supported by correlations with an Intolerance of Ambiguity scale. Entering students recognized that uncertainty exists in medical knowledge and mastery of medical knowledge. Factor analysis of the ten item uncertainty scale revealed three dimensions: uncertainty of the profession, practice certainty, and growth in uncertainty. No significant differences in the uncertainty items, scale, or factors existed by demographic characteristics or medical specialty preferences. These findings suggest that students are aware of issues surrounding uncertainty in medicine as they begin medical school, but medical uncertainty at this early stage in medical socialization is not sufficiently powerful to be associated with medical specialty preference. 相似文献
654.
Academic Affiliations of Those Published in Social Work Journals: A Productivity Analysis, 1989–1993
Abstract The academic affiliations of the authors of all articles published in six social work journals between 1989 and 1993 were reviewed and tabulated to produce a ranking of the colleges and universities whose faculty are making the most substantive contributions to the social work literature. The results of this analysis are compared with the findings of two similar, previously published studies covering the five-year periods of 1979-1983 and 1984-1988. 相似文献
655.
Bruce Morasch 《Serials Review》2013,39(2-3):113-117
AbstractUnfortunately, it is not possible to comment on how the social psychological community has responded to ESP and its somewhat novel features, because ESP has not yet obtained a large audience. Many social psychologist are interested, but most simply do not have the equipment needed to use ESP. Many have personal computers, but few have modems, and those who do have modes haves not used them much. Further, some have expressed resersvations about the cost of telecommunicating, claiming that traditional means of communication serve the purpose well enough. Cost is a very legitimate concern, as telecommunicating can be expensive, but it is also somewhat short-sighted. (It reminds one of the reaction of some London business men who resisted the telephone because there were plenty of messenger boys in the city.) Computers offer people the chance to communicate and share information in ways that have not been possible before--in ways that can be beneficial to the community of social psychologists. One cannot evaluate telecommunications (or anything) solely in terms of its costs; it should be judged on a cost-benefit bases. While the benefits are somewhat difficult to judge at present, members of the profession will undoubtedly realize them in time. Telecommunications will not only stand the test of cost-benefit evaluation, but pass it with flying colors. 相似文献
656.
Bruce W. Menning 《Canadian Slavonic papers》2013,55(2):190-219
657.
Eric W. Hoffman Bruce E. Pinkleton Erica Weintraub Austin Wanda Reyes-Velázquez 《Journal of American college health : J of ACH》2013,61(5):328-335
Abstract Objective: Alcohol marketers have increasingly moved their advertising efforts into digital and social media venues. As a result, the purpose of this study is to investigate associations between students’ use of social media, their exposure to alcohol marketing messages through social media, and their alcohol-related beliefs and behaviors. Participants: Public and private university students (N = 637) participated November and December 2011 and April 2012. Methods: College students completed online surveys to measure their exposure to social and online media generally, as well as their alcohol-related digital media use and alcohol use. Results: Use of social media related to alcohol marketing predicted alcohol consumption and engaging in risky behaviors, whereas the use of social media more generally did not. Conclusions: Students’ use of alcohol-related social media–marketing content associates with their problem drinking. Results have implications for alcohol abuse reduction efforts targeted at college students and suggest the importance of considering social, cultural, and cognitive factors in campaign planning and design. 相似文献
658.
Abstract This paper explores aspects of the dynamic relationship between households and the internet, particularly the accessing of online gambling and pornography. Attention is focused on two areas: domestication and regulation. In terms of the latter, the State is portrayed as having difficulty in keeping pace with technological change. Domestication refers to the process by which objects are incorporated by households. The final moment in the process of domestication is that of conversion whereby households make claims for themselves around the routines and usage of technologies for accessing online gambling and pornography beyond the domestic space. It is suggested that the rise of non‐commodity or gift‐based forms of exchange, predicated on file sharing, is significant. That is, the internet impacts on the moral economy of households in important ways, but of potentially greater significance are the ways households stand to make over the generalised system of equivalence and exchange expressed within the internet. 相似文献
659.
Carter Price Bruce Golden Michael Harrington Ramon Konewko Edward Wasil William Herring 《Production and Operations Management》2011,20(3):431-441
When operating room schedules in hospitals are produced, the constraints and preferences of surgeons and hospital workers are a primary consideration. The downstream impact on post‐operative bed availability is often ignored. This can lead to the boarding of patients overnight in the post‐anesthesia care unit (PACU) because intensive care unit beds are unavailable. In this paper, we apply integer programming and simulation to develop improved surgical scheduling assignments. We want to balance new surgeries with hospital discharges in order to reduce the variability of occupied beds from one day to the next and, as a result, to reduce boarding in the PACU. 相似文献
660.
Researchers in the US have consistently reported substantial—not just statistically significant—links between religious belief and practice, and improved health and longevity. In this paper we report evidence for Germany, using data from the long-running, nationally representative German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP 1984). The SOEP dataset includes multiple measures of health, plus many ‘controls’ which it is appropriate to use in assessing links between religious practice, health and longevity. These controls include personality traits known to be associated with better health (notably conscientiousness), and also the age of death of parents of the survey respondents. Initial results suggested that religious practice (church attendance) may be linked only to subjective (self-rated) measures of health, not to more objective measures. It seemed possible that results in some previous research could be due to what may be termed satisfaction bias or positivity bias; the known tendency of religious people to report higher than average satisfaction with almost all aspects of life. Further investigation indicated that relationships between church attendance and subjective measures of health were weaker, when a control for satisfaction bias was in place. However, there was countervailing evidence that the subjective measures in SOEP may actually be more not less valid than the objective measures; they are better not worse predictors of mortality. It was also clear that religious belief and church attendance are associated with health-protective behaviors and attitudes, including taking more exercise, not smoking and higher life satisfaction. At the end of the paper we estimate a structural equation model which maps links between religious practice, these protective behaviors and attitudes, and improved health outcomes. 相似文献