高职院校国防教育工作初探

全面贯彻党的教育方针,坚持育人为本、德育为先,实施素质教育,提高教育现代化水平,培养德智体美全面发展的社会主义建设者和可靠接班人,办好人民满意的教育,是发展高等职业教育,实施科教兴国战略的目标。从提高学生素质,促进现代化建设的高度出发,对高职院校开展国防教育的意义、目的、时间、方式和方法等进行探讨,有益于高职院校学生的全面发展。     

孔子仁学思想与师生关系

孔子仁学思想强调爱人、克己、崇德,把这种仁学思想落实到教育工作中就是教师要爱学生,要克制自我中心主义的倾向,要修身立德。这种思想对正确处理好师生关系从而赢得教育教学的成功具有极大的启示意义。     

论为师育人之道

本文从理论与实践的结合上 ,阐述了教师教书育人的神圣职责 ,从“晓之以理、动之以情、教之以严、导之以行、授之以渔、示之以范”六个方面 ,探讨了师者育人之道。     

Applicability of a Neuroprobabilistic Integral Risk Index for the Environmental Management of Polluted Areas: A Case Study

Recently, we developed a GIS-Integrated Integral Risk Index (IRI) to assess human health risks in areas with presence of environmental pollutants. Contaminants were previously ranked by applying a self-organizing map (SOM) to their characteristics of persistence, bioaccumulation, and toxicity in order to obtain the Hazard Index (HI). In the present study, the original IRI was substantially improved by allowing the entrance of probabilistic data. A neuroprobabilistic HI was developed by combining SOM and Monte Carlo analysis. In general terms, the deterministic and probabilistic HIs followed a similar pattern: polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and light polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were the pollutants showing the highest and lowest values of HI, respectively. However, the bioaccumulation value of heavy metals notably increased after considering a probability density function to explain the bioaccumulation factor. To check its applicability, a case study was investigated. The probabilistic integral risk was calculated in the chemical/petrochemical industrial area of Tarragona (Catalonia, Spain), where an environmental program has been carried out since 2002. The risk change between 2002 and 2005 was evaluated on the basis of probabilistic data of the levels of various pollutants in soils. The results indicated that the risk of the chemicals under study did not follow a homogeneous tendency. However, the current levels of pollution do not mean a relevant source of health risks for the local population. Moreover, the neuroprobabilistic HI seems to be an adequate tool to be taken into account in risk assessment processes.     

微观辨证整体化之浅议

对微观辨证整体化研究 ,认为目前一是应该对大量的前期研究工作进行总结 ,对异病同证者及同病异证者的宏观症状进行循证医学研究 ;对异病同证者及同病异证者的微观指标进行循证医学研究 ;最终寻求宏观整体指标与微观整体指标的结合 ,从而使微观辨证升华到微观层次上的整体化水平。二是进行基因组学与中医证候相关性研究 ,寻找与中医证候相关的基因组 ,从而实现中医证候研究的基因水平上的整体化。     

城市青年消费文化解读

随着我国市场经济的成熟,城市青年一代的消费观念、消费方式、消费心理都出现急剧变化,文化呈现攀比性、自我性、显示性、不稳定性等特点。这将导致一系列负面影响的产生,因此,青年消费文化迫切需要重新塑形,营造健康、积极、和谐的青年消费文化。     

论城市扩张下的城市水资源的法律保障

21世纪是城市的世纪,许多城市突出了经营城市的概念,在"城市的扩张"热中,更为注重经济增长的速率,忽略建构足以支撑可持续发展的且应合理分布的空间结构体系、基础设施以及制度文明,也就容易形成制约城市发展的瓶颈问题。城市水资源问题便是其中之一。对这些公共物品是加强公权力,还是进行市场化配置,颇有争论。我们认为,对于城市水问题的解决,应着眼于建构和实施先进的制度体系,即一切可以影响到社会公共利益或他人权益的权力和权利都应处在法律的控制和制约之下。我们从系统论的角度,设计了城市水法律系统模型。     

基础产业集团企业在投资决策中的博弈分析

我国基础产业具有明显寡头垄断的行业特点,这些产业中的集团企业在投资决策中的一些行为可以博弈论的观点进行合理解释。本文在分析这些特点的基础上,建立了一个数学模型,对我国基础产业集团企业决策的博弈过程进行了描述,并利用该模型分析了集团企业的投资行为。分析结果表明,该模型较好地反映了我国基础产业集团企业投资决策过程中的一些现象,并使这些现象得到了经济学意义上的合理解释。     

我国西南地区乡村治理的历史变迁、现状问题与实践路向

现代意义上的乡村治理是通过国家、社会、乡村等的共同作用,来实现对乡村社会动态调控和管理的过程,具有参与主体多元、管理方式民主、运行过程公开等特点。新中国成立以来,西南地区乡村治理共经历了四个各具特色的阶段。新时代的新阶段,这一地区在由脱贫攻坚向乡村振兴转轨的过程中面临着诸多亟待解决的现实问题。在汲取历史经验教训的基础上,针对这些问题可提出若干相应的对策建议。这对在新阶段推进该地区乃至全国的乡村治理现代化,都具有不言而喻的意义和价值。     

Axiomatizations of the normalized Banzhaf value and the Shapley value

A cooperative game with transferable utilities– or simply a TU-game – describes a situation in which players can obtain certain payoffs by cooperation. A solution concept for these games is a function which assigns to every such a game a distribution of payoffs over the players in the game. Famous solution concepts for TU-games are the Shapley value and the Banzhaf value. Both solution concepts have been axiomatized in various ways. An important difference between these two solution concepts is the fact that the Shapley value always distributes the payoff that can be obtained by the `grand coalition' consisting of all players cooperating together while the Banzhaf value does not satisfy this property, i.e., the Banzhaf value is not efficient. In this paper we consider the normalized Banzhaf value which distributes the payoff that can be obtained by the `grand coalition' proportional to the Banzhaf values of the players. This value does not satisfy certain axioms underlying the Banzhaf value. In this paper we introduce some new axioms that characterize the normalized Banzhaf value. We also provide an axiomatization of the Shapley value using similar axioms. Received: 10 April 1996 / Accepted: 2 June 1997