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41.
This paper uses data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study to test the hypotheses that (1) similar to other
positive pre- and post-natal outcomes, Mexican immigrant mothers are more likely to breastfeed, and to breastfeed longer,
than white or Mexican-American mothers; and (2) acculturation accounts for the ethnic/nativity differential in breastfeeding
initiation and duration. The results support both hypotheses. Mexican immigrants to the U.S. are much more likely than whites
to breastfeed, and to breastfeed longer. Mexican-American mothers, after controlling for background characteristics, have
similar initiation and duration to whites. Using expanded acculturation measures developed for this paper, acculturation accounts
for some of the difference between whites and Mexican immigrants in breastfeeding initiation, and much of the difference for
breastfeeding duration. The results suggest that low levels of acculturation operate to protect Mexican immigrants from choosing
to formula-feed, which gives their babies many health advantages, and may be associated with better health outcomes across
the life course. The results also suggest that successive generations of Mexican immigrants may abandon breastfeeding, which
is deleterious for their infants. 相似文献
42.
Cohort Succession in the US Housing Market: New Houses, the Baby Boom, and Income Stratification 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Rachel E. Dwyer 《Population research and policy review》2008,27(2):161-181
Federal housing policy in the US across the postwar period supported the construction of new houses more than public provision
or renovation of older structures as a means of ensuring a sufficient supply of quality dwellings. Understanding trends in
new housing in particular is thus crucial to understanding the housing regime. Following Myers (Housing demography: Linking demographic structure and housing markets. University of Wisconsin Press, 1990; Housing Studies, 14, 473–490,1999), this paper conceptualizes historical change in the housing stock within a demographic framework as the movement
of cohorts of households through cohorts of housing stock. Recent evidence suggests that a new cohort of houses arose in the
1980s and 1990s (larger with more amenities than past vintages), and that buyers of those new houses were increasingly affluent.
In this paper, I link the succession to a new cohort of houses to household cohort succession and examine the increasing affluence
of new house buyers by age and cohort, focusing especially on the entry of the Baby Boom generation exactly when the new cohort
of houses arrived. I use US Census microdata for 1960–2000 to develop a cohort longitudinal dataset, and analyze historical
change in stratification in new house ownership. I find significant shifts between cohorts in income inequality among new
house buyers, with implications for the capacity of the housing regime to meet the future needs of an increasingly diverse
population.
相似文献
Rachel E. DwyerEmail: |
43.
Ashworth Rachel; Boyne George; Delbridge Rick 《Jnl. of Public Admin. Research and Theory》2009,19(1):165-187
Institutional theory suggests that organizations pursue legitimacyby conforming to isomorphic pressures in their environment.We extend previous research on institutional theory by distinguishingbetween two definitions of conformity (compliance and convergence)and by taking a comprehensive view of the organizational characteristicsthat might be subject to isomorphic pressures. This frameworkis applied to change between 2001 and 2004 in the internal characteristicsof 101 public organizations in England. We find substantialevidence of compliance but more limited support for convergence.Furthermore, the impact of isomorphic pressures was strongeron organizational strategies and culture than on structuresand processes. Thus, the relevance of institutional theory tochange in the public sector depends on the definition of conformitythat is used and the organizational characteristics that areexamined. 相似文献
44.
We present findings from a nonexperimental evaluation of an employment program in which both partners in young, low-income,
primarily African-American couples simultaneously participated. Mothers participating in the couples program had larger immediate
gains in employment and earnings and decreases in TANF receipt following their exit from the program relative to mothers who
received employment assistance as individuals. Fathers showed similar although weaker results. These immediate benefits appeared
to be driven by higher rates of program completion among couples’ participants. Couples in which both partners completed the
program experienced the largest quarterly earnings gains, and couples with greater earnings’ gains were more likely to still
be together one year after the program ended. Mothers’ earnings gains eroded in the two years following program completion
and many reported new pregnancies and problems with child care. We suggest directions for future programs and encourage future
studies to consider the range of mechanisms associated with a couples focus, including potential motivational benefits and
unintended consequences.
相似文献
Carolyn J. Heinrich (Corresponding author)Email: |
45.
Sexism is a recurrent part of women's everyday lives. One understudied area within gender scholarship is the content and implications of sexist humor as a form of sexism. In this article, we explore the sexist content of 153 Internet jokes. Our analysis demonstrates that sexist jokes offer portrayals of misogyny that serve many functions, some of which include the sexual objectification of women, devaluation of their personal and professional abilities, and support of violence against women. Implications of such humor are discussed as well as future research possibilities in this area. 相似文献
46.
The study examined the impact of the circumstances of childhood sexual abuse on post-traumatic stress symptoms and depression among female adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse. The sample consisted of 225 Israeli women divided into two groups according to the identity of the perpetrator (nonfamily perpetrator versus a family member perpetrator). A self-report questionnaire was used consisting of the following scales: demographic variables, the Traumatic Events Questionnaire, Childhood Sexual Experiences Scale, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Scale, and Depression Scale. The findings indicated that the identity of the offender significantly differed between groups only if intercourse had occurred. Women who experienced coerced intercourse scored significantly higher on depression and post-traumatic stress compared to those who experienced other forms of childhood sexual abuse. 相似文献
47.
Rachel M. Gurney Beth Schaefer Caniglia Tamara L. Mix Kristen A. Baum 《Sociology Compass》2015,9(8):681-693
This piece explores the emergent themes and subthemes represented within the recent contemporary discourse on Native American food security. Analysis revealed traditional foods as the most common theme present within the sampled literature. We offer a review of this theme (and related subthemes such as food access and human and environmental health) to illuminate the primary concerns, opportunities, preferences, and barriers associated with Native American food security. Our assessments also provide a nuanced understanding of existing literature related to food security and sovereignty, as well as key dimensions of environmental and social equality. 相似文献
48.
Previous research suggests that an increasing age at first marriage has contributed to the prevalence of sexual hookups on U.S. college campuses. In this article, we use life course and marital horizons theories to analyze the influence of ideal age at first marriage on hooking up among unmarried heterosexual college students. Analyses of the Online College Social Life Survey (N = 17,981) show a positive association between ideal age at first marriage and hookups for most students, but not for students whose mothers have no post‐secondary education, Asian men, Asian women, and Latina women. Variation in ideal marriage timing does not account for gender, racial/ethnic, and class gaps in hookup participation. Results are discussed with reference to the role of sexuality in processes of stratification throughout young adulthood. 相似文献
49.
Abbott MW Volberg RA 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》1999,15(3):233-242
While two-stage designs in problem gambling research are expensive and relatively difficult to execute, they have the potential to yield more accurate prevalence estimates as well as valuable additional information about gambling and problem gambling in the community. However, gains in precision are heavily dependent on the accuracy of the screening methods used and the sample sizes involved. Sound practice requires reliable information about the variances and confidence levels associated with different screens. In the spirit of contributing to the ongoing dialog about ways to improve the measurement of problem gambling, we examine several reasons to question whether the revised estimates offered by Gambino are in fact an improvement. 相似文献
50.