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51.
Briana Nichols Karla Umana Tamara Britton Lisette Farias Ryan Lavalley Rachel Hall-Clifford 《Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations》2017,28(5):1962-1987
Sharp increases in “child migrants” from Central America detained at the US border in 2014 brought unprecedented levels of attention to long extant social and political issues perceived as causing youth migration. While governments on both sides of the US border faced criticism over responses to the migration “crisis,” the presumed causes of this migration presented in US media discourses went largely unquestioned. This article presents data collected in June 2015 from in-depth interviews with Guatemalan and transnational non-governmental organization (NGO) staff, scholars, lawyers, and activists in order to understand the complex interpretations of child migration by NGO actors in Guatemala. Findings illustrate how NGOs may selectively draw on the power of prevailing media narratives to buttress ideological and programmatic goals while simultaneously contesting how the same media depictions obscure the lived realities of migrants. We consider the transnational information politics of representations of “child migration” across government, media, and civil society sectors and the critical role of NGOs in articulating the complex realities faced by populations vulnerable to migration. 相似文献
52.
Shayne R. Anderson Rachel B. Tambling Scott C. Huff Joy Heafner Lee N. Johnson Scott A. Ketring 《Journal of marital and family therapy》2014,40(4):525-534
The Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale (RDAS; Busby, Crane, Larson, & Christensen, 1995) is a measure of couple relationship adjustment that is often used to differentiate between distressed and non‐distressed couples. While the measure currently allows for a determination of whether group mean scores change significantly across administrations, it lacks the ability to determine whether an individual's change in dyadic adjustment is clinically significant. This study addresses this limitation by establishing a cutoff of 47.31 and reliable change index of 11.58 for the RDAS by pooling data across multiple community and clinical samples. An individual whose score on the RDAS moves across the cutoff changes by 12 or more points can be classified as experiencing clinically significant change. 相似文献
53.
Bernie Carter Janette Grey Elizabeth McWilliams Zoe Clair Karen Blake Rachel Byatt 《Disability & Society》2014,29(6):938-952
Children who use wheelchairs have few opportunities to play sport with their able-bodied peers and siblings. This appreciative, qualitative study explored the experiences of children, families and stakeholders at a wheelchair sports club. Participant observation, research activities, focus groups and interviews were used. Sixty-three people participated (37 children, 14 stakeholders, 10 parents, two older siblings). Thematic analysis identified one unifying theme (realising potential) and four main themes: invisibility of disability; ambivalence and attraction of the chair; fun and fellowship; and thrills and skills. The Cheetahs created opportunities for meaningful participation in wheelchair sports for children with and without disabilities. 相似文献
54.
This paper uses data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study to test the hypotheses that (1) similar to other
positive pre- and post-natal outcomes, Mexican immigrant mothers are more likely to breastfeed, and to breastfeed longer,
than white or Mexican-American mothers; and (2) acculturation accounts for the ethnic/nativity differential in breastfeeding
initiation and duration. The results support both hypotheses. Mexican immigrants to the U.S. are much more likely than whites
to breastfeed, and to breastfeed longer. Mexican-American mothers, after controlling for background characteristics, have
similar initiation and duration to whites. Using expanded acculturation measures developed for this paper, acculturation accounts
for some of the difference between whites and Mexican immigrants in breastfeeding initiation, and much of the difference for
breastfeeding duration. The results suggest that low levels of acculturation operate to protect Mexican immigrants from choosing
to formula-feed, which gives their babies many health advantages, and may be associated with better health outcomes across
the life course. The results also suggest that successive generations of Mexican immigrants may abandon breastfeeding, which
is deleterious for their infants. 相似文献
55.
Cohort Succession in the US Housing Market: New Houses, the Baby Boom, and Income Stratification 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Rachel E. Dwyer 《Population research and policy review》2008,27(2):161-181
Federal housing policy in the US across the postwar period supported the construction of new houses more than public provision
or renovation of older structures as a means of ensuring a sufficient supply of quality dwellings. Understanding trends in
new housing in particular is thus crucial to understanding the housing regime. Following Myers (Housing demography: Linking demographic structure and housing markets. University of Wisconsin Press, 1990; Housing Studies, 14, 473–490,1999), this paper conceptualizes historical change in the housing stock within a demographic framework as the movement
of cohorts of households through cohorts of housing stock. Recent evidence suggests that a new cohort of houses arose in the
1980s and 1990s (larger with more amenities than past vintages), and that buyers of those new houses were increasingly affluent.
In this paper, I link the succession to a new cohort of houses to household cohort succession and examine the increasing affluence
of new house buyers by age and cohort, focusing especially on the entry of the Baby Boom generation exactly when the new cohort
of houses arrived. I use US Census microdata for 1960–2000 to develop a cohort longitudinal dataset, and analyze historical
change in stratification in new house ownership. I find significant shifts between cohorts in income inequality among new
house buyers, with implications for the capacity of the housing regime to meet the future needs of an increasingly diverse
population.
相似文献
Rachel E. DwyerEmail: |
56.
Ashworth Rachel; Boyne George; Delbridge Rick 《Jnl. of Public Admin. Research and Theory》2009,19(1):165-187
Institutional theory suggests that organizations pursue legitimacyby conforming to isomorphic pressures in their environment.We extend previous research on institutional theory by distinguishingbetween two definitions of conformity (compliance and convergence)and by taking a comprehensive view of the organizational characteristicsthat might be subject to isomorphic pressures. This frameworkis applied to change between 2001 and 2004 in the internal characteristicsof 101 public organizations in England. We find substantialevidence of compliance but more limited support for convergence.Furthermore, the impact of isomorphic pressures was strongeron organizational strategies and culture than on structuresand processes. Thus, the relevance of institutional theory tochange in the public sector depends on the definition of conformitythat is used and the organizational characteristics that areexamined. 相似文献
57.
We present findings from a nonexperimental evaluation of an employment program in which both partners in young, low-income,
primarily African-American couples simultaneously participated. Mothers participating in the couples program had larger immediate
gains in employment and earnings and decreases in TANF receipt following their exit from the program relative to mothers who
received employment assistance as individuals. Fathers showed similar although weaker results. These immediate benefits appeared
to be driven by higher rates of program completion among couples’ participants. Couples in which both partners completed the
program experienced the largest quarterly earnings gains, and couples with greater earnings’ gains were more likely to still
be together one year after the program ended. Mothers’ earnings gains eroded in the two years following program completion
and many reported new pregnancies and problems with child care. We suggest directions for future programs and encourage future
studies to consider the range of mechanisms associated with a couples focus, including potential motivational benefits and
unintended consequences.
相似文献
Carolyn J. Heinrich (Corresponding author)Email: |
58.
59.
Rachel V. Kutz-Flamenbaum 《Qualitative sociology》2012,35(3):293-310
The binary model that presents women as peaceful and men as warfaring is a common conception of war and peace. Despite increasing levels of gender equality in most spheres of public life and decreasing gender segregation in institutions in many parts of the world, the associational link of men to war and women to peace remains widespread. Focusing on the Israeli women??s peace organization, Machsom Watch, this article uses a content analysis of interactions between Machsom Watch activists, soldiers and Palestinians to examine how gendered political opportunity structures affect and are affected by interactions between individuals, organizations and institutions. The paper highlights the contradiction between Machsom Watch??s form as a women-only organization and their framing and report language, which is non-gender specific. I argue that this contradiction emerges from their strategic negotiation of the gendered political opportunity structure as well as their culturally bounded experiences of gendered interactions and embodied gender norms. More generally, I argue that by understanding political opportunity structures as being bound by cultural norms that create distinct sets of opportunities and constraints for different groups of people, scholars can better understand the particular manifestation of social movement action and thereby more fully account for human agency in social and political structures. Additionally, this paper encourages social movement scholars to understand social movement framing as both a product of political opportunities and constraints as well as an influence in the formation of the political opportunity structure. 相似文献
60.