Female-perpetrated intimate partner violence and romantic attachment style in a college student sample

The frequency, severity, and reciprocity of female-perpetrated intimate partner violence and its consequences (i.e., injuries) were investigated in a college sample of women (N = 457). Participants were classified into one of the following four groups on the basis of self-reported physical assault perpetration and victimization against their relationship partners: nonviolent, perpetrator-only, victim-only, and bidirectionally violent. Results showed that females in the bidirectionally violent group had a reportedly higher occurrence (although not always statistically significant) of perpetration and victimization than those in the perpetrator-only and victim-only groups. Additionally, a similar degree of reciprocity was indicated by females in bidirectionally violent relationships in terms of violence severity and the occurrence of injury. Adult romantic attachment style was also examined among a subset of females (N = 328), and bidirectionally violent females were found to have the highest reported levels of attachment anxiety. Further, females high in attachment anxiety and low in attachment avoidance were more likely to report perpetrating violence than females high in both styles. Implications for prevention are discussed.     

Teacher Training with a View Towards Developing Favourable Attitudes Regarding Intercultural Education and Cultural Diversity

An analysis of Spanish multiculturalism, together with the lack of systematic teacher training in the area of intercultural education, a fact which was revealed by a review of the educational programmes and strategies developed in our country, has led us to propose a training course which improves the attitudes of teachers and educators towards intercultural education and the ever‐growing cultural diversity in our country. The study, carried out using a quasi‐experimental methodology and based on the Theory of Reasoned Action, revealed that this type of training programme favours a positive predisposition in teachers towards the development of intercultural programmes in schools, a fundamental element in promoting a further dissemination of this particular focus throughout the whole of the educational system.     

The “Real Thing”

This article examined the value of using nonfiction graphic novels as historical narratives in the social studies curriculum. Preservice teachers evaluated several graphic novels and identified attributes of graphic novels that could contribute to students’ development of historical thinking and understanding of multiple perspectives. Despite the preservice teachers’ value for graphic novels as resources and their desire to use them in their future classrooms, all of the preservice teachers identified reasons why they would not be able to use graphic novels in their future school context. The findings suggested that the preservice teachers’ desire to be accepted by their school community took precedence over their intention to use resources that they deemed engaging and beneficial for student learning.     

知识城市标杆中的关键因素

本文探讨了新兴城市和地区身份资本的四个关键因素,它们是资本系统方法的一部分.在这些方法中,综合资本系统(GCS)是衡量城市如何为其以知识为基础的发展而发掘能力的一种工具.本文强调GCS中身份资本的要素,以便综合差异性和透明度两方面来考察四个独特城市区域的城市身份.这些基于环境的身份似乎阐明了边缘知识城市是如何在以知识为基础的国际舞台上构建自己的身份优势的.     

Performing blackness,forming whiteness: Linguistic minstrelsy in Hollywood film1

The ideological and indexical aspects of linguistic representation have been extensively examined in contemporary sociolinguistics both through investigations of language crossing in everyday interaction and through analyses of mediatized linguistic performances. Less well understood are the indexical meanings achieved when language crossing itself becomes the focus of linguistic representation. One prominent instance of this phenomenon is the use of African American English by European American actors in Hollywood films as part of what is argued to be a complex language‐based form of blackface minstrelsy. As mock language, linguistic minstrelsy in such films involves sociolinguistic processes of deauthentication, maximizing of intertextual gaps, and indexical regimentation of the performed language, but unlike earlier forms of minstrelsy these performances are typically problematized within the films as transgressions of the ideology of racial essentialism. In the two films analyzed in detail in the article, linguistic minstrelsy is shown both to reproduce and to undermine the symbolic dominance of hegemonic white masculinity.     

The Dynamics of Age and Sex in the Development of Mother–Infant Vocal Communication Between 3 and 11 Months

We followed the nondistressed vocalization dynamics of 30 mother–infant dyads observed in a naturalistic setting using multiple time points between 3 and 11 months to identify subtle relationships between age, sex and maternal behavior ending by 1 year of age with diverging trajectories of nondistressed vocalization. We observed no mean differences between boys and girls in frequency or duration of nondistressed vocalizations at any one time period. However, while these parameters were essentially static for boys, girls showed a quadratic developmental curve, declining in frequency and duration between 6 and 8 months and climbing above their early starting point by 9–11 months. Mothers of boys showed a linear decrease in the duration of their speech over the 9 months of our study. In contrast, mothers of girls showed quadratic patterns of ultimately increasing vocalization frequency and duration, over the months 3–11 of development. Finally, boys' and girls' vocalization contingent to maternal speech revealed no differences. Mothers of boys, however, did not change significantly over time, while mothers of girls showed an increase in contingent responsiveness from 3–5 months to 9–11 months and from 6–8 months to 9–11 months. A similar pattern was followed for object‐related maternal vocal responses.     

Dopamine receptor genes predict risk preferences,time preferences,and related economic choices

Outside of economics, researchers have recently identified genetic predictors of “sensation-seeking” that have been linked to risky and impulsive behaviors. We examine the implications of these genetic polymorphisms for economic behavior. Our analysis indicates that the 7-repeat allele of the DRD4 gene that regulates dopamine uptake in the brain predicts risk-taking and time preferences in economic experiments that allow for ambiguity, losses and discounting. These genetic polymorphisms can also be used to directly predict financial choice patterns that are consistent with previous findings in the behavioral genetics literature.