Working with the enemy? Social work education and men who use intimate partner violence

This article examines service user involvement in social work education. It discusses the challenges and ethical considerations of involving populations who may previously have been excluded from user involvement initiatives, raising questions about the benefits and challenges of their involvement. The article then provides discussion of an approach to service user involvement in social work education with one of these populations, men who use violence in their intimate relationships, and concludes by considering the implications of their involvement for the social work academy.     

Social capital and its relevance to the Japanese-model welfare society

Current debates and initiatives relating to the welfare regime in Japan focus on the contributions of informal and community networks. In this article, we adopt the concept of social capital, which is assessed according to three categories – structural social capital, experiential individual social capital and anticipatory individual social capital – in order to evaluate the assumptions and strengths of community in Japan. The findings are based on a small-scale survey conducted in the Greater Kobe area in 2002. The study revealed that the level of structural social capital is 'average' and the level of experiential individual social capital is 'rather low'. However, the anticipatory individual social capital, which is the expectation of future assistance whether conditional or unconditional, is higher than the experiential individual social capital. The findings suggest that, in Japan, people's belief that they will receive assistance in the future has a significant impact on their level of achievement. Such findings may help us understand the nature of the welfare regime in Japan: it depends on a sense of general trust, which effectively supports the informal groups and community networks that provide assistance to their members.     

入世对中国高等教育影响的经济学分析

高等教育为经济发展提供人才和智力支持 ,为科技进步提供源源不断的动力 ,它已经从社会的边缘走向中心 ,中国加入WTO必然会给与经济有着密切关系的高等教育既带来机遇 ,又带来挑战 ,本文从经济学的角度对此进行了探讨。     

赫哲族鱼皮服饰的价值与传播

赫哲族是现今世界上惟一拥有鱼皮服饰及鱼皮革制作工艺的民族。鱼皮服饰拓展了中华服饰的选材范围 ,其造型独存于东北少数民族服饰之中。该服饰图案的色彩和肌理依顺物性 ,充分体现出中国传统文化的“材美”观念 ,以及渔猎文化的特色。     

A unified sequential test procedure for simultaneous testing the equality of several binomial proportions to a specified standard

In this article, we propose a unified sequentially rejective test procedure for testing simultaneously the equality of several independent binomial proportions to a specified standard. The proposed test procedure is general enough to include some well-known multiple testing procedures such as the Ordinary Bonferroni procedure, Hochberg procedure and Rom procedure. It involves multiple tests of significance based on the simple binomial tests (exact or approximate) which can be easily found in many elementary standard statistics textbooks. Unlike the traditional Chi-square test of the overall hypothesis, the procedure can identify the subset of the binomial proportions, which are different from the prespecified standard with the control of the familywise type I error rate. Moreover, the power computation of the procedure is provided and the procedure is illustrated by two real examples from an ecological study and a carcinogenicity study.     

Re‐inventing the Gendered Organization: Staff Attitudes towards Women and Gender Mainstreaming in NGOs in Malawi

Gender inequality within non‐governmental organizations (NGOs) is constructed on a daily basis through the gendered norms, attitudes and practices of individuals within them. The continual re‐invention of a gendered organization ensures the maintenance of the status quo and therefore the privileging of male/masculine interests over female/feminine interests. Gender mainstreaming is an approach designed to alter the status quo and facilitate women's empowerment. In Malawi, many NGOs have adopted gender mainstreaming as a strategy to address gender inequality both within their organizations and with the communities where they work. Gender mainstreaming initiatives involve a variety of activities including hiring more women staff members, designing policies within the organization to promote gender equality and educating staff members about gender issues through training workshops. While these strategies represent important steps forward for gender equality, it is not clear to what extent these policies and initiatives are translating into meaningful change within the organization.     

商周文学流程的文化观照

商代出现过高度成熟的文学作品吗?今存<商颂>、<商书>是否商代诗文?为什么<诗经·大雅·文王>会要商族遗民"无念尔祖,聿修厥德"?强迫他们放弃的仅仅是对祖先的怀念吗?是否还必须放弃一大批与自己的家族文化传统和民族文化传统相关联的文献、礼仪和传承文学呢?延续了五六个世纪之久的西周诗统何以会被战国散文所取代?庄文屈赋檀美当时并辉耀千古的特殊原因还有哪些未曾发现?假设文化是文学的母体,我们能从文化母体中窥见文学之子的某些体貌与性格吗?此法固非处处适用,但也并非处处相反,好处在于当我们看厌了文学的孤峰独树之时,偶尔放眼展望文化的群山林莽,或许会有另外一种心情和收获.     

Substance Use and Early Marriage

Prior work indicates that substance use is related to adolescent marriage. We describe two different processes that may account for this relationship and hypothesize patterns of association that would be consistent or inconsistent with each. Using data from a study that followed west coast youth from 7th grade to young adulthood (N = 3,324), we assessed the effects of cigarette, alcohol, and marijuana use in 7th and 10th grade on the probability of marriage prior to age 20. When gender, race, and SES were controlled, cigarette use in adolescence, but not other substance use, was associated with early marriage. Low educational attainment and early unwed parenthood each uniquely mediated this association. These results suggest that the link between substance use and early marriage reflects a disposition toward risky or unconventional behavior, not the judgment‐impairing effects of drug and alcohol use.     

Ecological Risk Assessment Framework for Low-Altitude Aircraft Overflights: II. Estimating Effects on Wildlife

An ecological risk assessment framework for aircraft overflights has been developed, with special emphasis on military applications. This article presents the analysis of effects and risk characterization phases; the problem formulation and exposure analysis phases are presented in a companion article. The framework addresses the effects of sound, visual stressors, and collision on the abundance and production of wildlife populations. Profiles of effects, including thresholds, are highlighted for two groups of endpoint species: ungulates (hoofed mammals) and pinnipeds (seals, sea lions, walruses). Several factors complicate the analysis of effects for aircraft overflights. Studies of the effects of aircraft overflights previously have not been associated with a quantitative assessment framework; therefore no consistent relations between exposure and population-level response have been developed. Information on behavioral effects of overflights by military aircraft (or component stressors) on most wildlife species is sparse. Moreover, models that relate behavioral changes to abundance or reproduction, and those that relate behavioral or hearing effects thresholds from one population to another are generally not available. The aggregation of sound frequencies, durations, and the view of the aircraft into the single exposure metric of slant distance is not always the best predictor of effects, but effects associated with more specific exposure metrics (e.g., narrow sound spectra) may not be easily determined or added. The weight of evidence and uncertainty analyses of the risk characterization for overflights are also discussed in this article.