平话系属争论中的逻辑问题

对于平话尤其是桂南平话的归属,学术界有不少争议。焦点在于平话是独立一区还是归属粤语。平话的归属之所以引起争论,一个关键便是前提没有确定。在这样的背景下讨论问题,出现分歧就势所难免。而问题的关键就是确立粤语的典型特征这样一个逻辑前提,以此作为基础,问题的探讨才能有科学的依据和较强的说服力。本文认为平话不宜归入典型的粤语,但也不宜独立为一级的方言大区,在现有的条件下,与其将精力花在纠缠平话属不属于粤语,粤语有哪些典型特征这类理论上的“难题”,不如将更多的精力放在调查、了解和抢救各地具有特色但却日趋消磨的汉语方言上。     

不同阶段制度、技术对兵团棉花生产影响的实证分析

该文将1950—2013年兵团棉花生产划分为四个阶段,重点分析各阶段制度、技术对其棉花播种面积及单产的影响。研究结果表明:农业基础设施建设投资对兵团棉花生产发挥了重要作用,劳均作物面积的扩大促进了棉花单产的提高,而劳动力数量的增加则阻碍了单产的提高;各阶段制度对播种面积及单产的影响与该阶段政府实施的政策导向及该政策的合理程度有关;技术构成了各阶段单产提高最重要的因素,且发挥了边际效益递增作用。     

Validation of the Chinese Version of Differentiation of Self Inventory (C‐DSI)

Although the need to develop objective assessment tools in different cultures is well‐recognized, there is a severe lack of objective measures about emotional functioning in the Chinese context. This project conducted three studies to validate the Chinese version of the Differentiation of Self Inventory (DSI). Study 1 looked at the factor structure, internal consistency, concurrent validity, and construct validity of the C‐DSI. Study 2 examined the test–retest reliability of the C‐DSI. Study 3 tested the discriminant validity of the C‐DSI in a clinical sample and in a nonclinical sample and examined its correlations with the General Contentment Scale (GCS). The study results suggested that the C‐DSI possesses good psychometric properties. Findings also indicated implications of divergent cultures and hinted at treatment implications—taking the familistic orientation and the Chinese meaning of self into consideration to understand the differentiation of self in the Chinese culture context.     

Pedagogical Practice Wisdom in Social Work Practice Teaching—A Kaleidoscopic View

Limitations of technical rationality, the dominant paradigm for making sense of human interactions in the context of social work practice, have drawn much attention. Currently, practice wisdom in social work education is at the center of a hot debate, but one confined to conceptual analysis. As of yet, there is no empirical reference for its substantive contents and operation. In the current presentation, four features of practice wisdom are developed, based upon a synthesis of the commonalities of practice wisdom as inferred from extensive scholars' views: the interplay of Moral Reasoning and Cognitive Knowledge, the Agential Nature of Knowledge, the Interactive Process of Knowledge Generation, and the Fluid Status of Knowledge. To advance the development of social work pedagogy by filling the gaps in empirical knowledge, these four features, hence, pedagogical practice wisdom, as exercised by practice teachers, are explored. Ten videotaped practice teaching scenarios and twenty co-reflection meetings were undertaken with five practice teachers and analyzed. The main finding is that practice teachers exercised nondeliberative reflection, each emphasizing different features of practice wisdom, thus shaping their teaching in ways unique to each. These results suggest a kaleidoscopic view in understanding pedagogical practice wisdom and specialized training for practice teachers.     

Adoptive and Nonadoptive Mother–Child Behavioral Interaction: A Comparative Study at 4 Years of Age

Comparable samples of low-risk adopted and non-adopted children and mothers were observed during three tasks at age 4 years. Quality of mother–child interactions, child level of functioning in four domains, and maternal parenting satisfaction and social support were assessed. Adopted children were as competent as non-adopted children on measures of developmental functioning. Both groups of mothers expressed high satisfaction and support as parents. However, ratings of child, maternal, and dyadic behavior when interacting were all lower for adoptive dyads than for non-adoptive dyads, and adoptive dyads with boys accounted for the maternal and dyadic group differences.     

Sustaining Resilience Through Local Connectedness Among Sojourn Students

Resilience is desirable for promotion as a resource for international students to sustain adjustment and withstand stress. A yet uncertain way for the promotion is the student’s connectedness with host or local people. To ascertain the benefit of local connectedness, this study surveyed 215 sojourn students originating from Mainland China who studied in Hong Kong. Results show that local connectedness engendered a significant positive effect on resilience and a significant negative effect on depressed mood. They echo theory and research concerning the merit of bridging social capital. This notion calls for efforts to associate sojourn students with locals with similar characteristics and advance their mutual help.     

Steady-state behaviour of serial queueing processes with impatient customers

This paper considers the steady-state behaviour of serial queueing processes with impatient customers having random selection for service, Poisson arrivals and exponential service times where the waiting space is infinite as well as finite. The expressions for the steady-state solution and mean queue length have been derived whenever the queue-discipline is first-come,first-served     

Perception of learning culture and concerns about the innovation on its use: a question of level of analysis.

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between organizational members' perception of learning culture and the concerns about the innovation, and the influence of these factors on the use of one innovation (ISO 9000) in the Malaysian public sector. This study was guided by the Concerns-Based Adoption Model (CBAM) (Hall and Hord 1987) and the dimensions of the learning organization (Watkins and Marsick 1993, 1996b). The study involved 628 people from eleven government agencies that had been using the new system for at least a year. The study provided a model for operationalizing the assertions and theories of both organizational development and learning organization scholars especially that a more adaptive learning-oriented culture would facilitate the implementation of change. The examination of learning culture facilitated the understanding of how members within the organization perceived their learning culture, and subsequently its relationship to their use of the innovation. The analysis of concerns illustrated the fit between the innovation and feelings and perceptions of the individual members about the innovation. On an individual organizational basis, the regression analyses showed that the model was able to explain the variance in use of innovation in each organization. However, a comparison of regression weights across the organizations told a very different story. The results showed that the combination of variables that explained the use of innovation varied radically from organization to organization. The findings raised questions about appropriate levels of analyses for such studies. The study suggests that theories that try to explain organizational innovation implementation be tested across organizations and take into account organizational context. Otherwise, they could lead to inaccurate conclusions.