住宅产业现代化所面临的挑战

文章从住房商品化、国家产业政策和“入世”等等方面论述了住宅产业现代化所面临的挑战后,提出了住宅建设适度超前、住宅建设与城市协调发展等今后需要认真研究的几个问题。     

游戏的文学——以韩愈的“戏”为中心

裴度以"戏"批评韩愈文学的游戏倾向;韩愈征引经书,以"戏"来为自己辩解;柳宗元从"有益于世"角度为韩愈的游戏文学辩护."戏"在不同的语境中具有不同意味,与韩愈的文学创作发生着不同的联系.     

萨特的"整体性"、"整体化"概念和他的"人学辩证法"

萨特认为,辩证运动来源于个体的多元复合的总体的"整体化","辩证法"应该是在人的个体实践的"整体化"活动中来理解."整体性"是经验可理论的个体实践的多元复合性关系及其结构的总体关联性,它是"整体化"的结果,也是"整体化"运动中具有惰性作用的暂时的调节性因素,它体现着个人的各种关系和结构,是可以通过触景生情的联想而予以把握的."整体化"是人的不断发展的多元复合性关系的实践及其过程,另方面它也是实践场域的运动,并且,这二者是相互规定和制约,使个人及其实践始终面向未来,从而构成历史的辩证法;同时,"整体化"也就是人的最根本的存在.个人是历史的施动者,同时他也是被整体化者.所以在萨特看来,辩证法也就是"人学辩证法".     

教育与人的发展

从"教育"与"人的发展"这两个术语的定义,以及"人的发展"这一术语近来多次出现的背景及其所带来的对教育的不同规定,论述教育与个体发展的相互作用、个体发展的两个尺度,以及在这一问题研究方面所取得的成就与面临的挑战。鉴于目前人们对教育的看法过于狭隘,建议扩大教育的范围,将价值观念、性格、责任感和情感文化等也纳入教育的范畴。     

"It's all in your mind": The final common pathway

The relatively new field of Psychoneuroimmuonology (PNI) seeks to reveal links between many systems of the body once thought to work independently of each other. Through a growing body of research, scientists are revealing that what goes on in our mind impacts not only our mental well being but our state of physical health. Presented here is an overview of the stress response and discussion regarding the effects of stress on physiological processes. Of particular interest is the role stress plays on the ability of the immune system to function properly. Both landmark and current research is cited which supports connections between these systems. Finally, the future of PNI is discussed as well as the role health care providers may take to embrace mind/body philosophies.     

The Savvy Caregiver Program: Impact of an Evidence-Based Intervention on the Well-Being of Ethnically Diverse Caregivers

This article reports on the impact of the Savvy Caregiver Program (SCP) on English-speaking caregivers of Hispanic, Black/African American, and Asian/Pacific Islander descent. Caregivers completed a questionnaire prior to study enrollment, at 6 and 12 months postenrollment. Caregivers in all 3 ethnic groups showed more caregiver competence, reduced depression, greater tolerance for care recipients’ memory problems, better management of their overall situation, and improved perception of that situation 6 months and 12 months post-enrollment. The study demonstrates that in the sample studied the SCP was as effective in helping ethnically diverse caregivers as it has shown to be with Caucasian caregivers.     

Measuring Sharedness of Team-Related Knowledge: Design and Validation of a Shared Mental Model Instrument

Many researchers have explored how people share and construct similar mental models in teams. They have claimed that successful team performance depends on a shared mental model of team members about task, team, equipment and situation. Most of the literature has illustrated simplified relationships between a team's mental model and their performance without a valid instrument addressing the confined and relevant constructs of a shared mental model. This paper describes the instrument development steps and the conceptual framework for factors associated with shared mental models. After development and refinement, the instrument was finalized for use to measure team-related knowledge. The final instrument consists of 42 items that are linked to the five emergent factors of shared mental models including general task and team knowledge, general task and communication skills, attitude toward teammates and task, team dynamics and interactions, and team resources and working environment.     

"But"用法集锦及其翻译

“But”是一个十分常用的词 ,它既可以作连词、介词、副词及代词 ,又可以和其它词组合构成短语来表示许许多多的意思。由于其用法比较复杂 ,给我们的翻译及正确运用带来了很大的困难。这里根据本词的功能从四个方面较为深入的论述其用法及其翻译。     

学做服务工：中国都市青年、职业学校和新阶层的形成

中国职业学校学生的命运究竟如何？本文根据南京市两所职业学校为期一年（2007-2008年）的民族志研究,借由韦伯的分析路径,描述了职业学校学生学习生活以及最终由半技术工人进入新型服务经济领域的过程。研究表明,在今天的中国城市中,职业学校是一个产生新社会阶层的优选场所。首先,职业学校从结构和意识层面上生产一个独立的年轻人阶层群体;其次,职业学校打造的相似学生背景和共同生活空间有助于催生一种新的社会阶层和文化;再次,职业学校构建的新文化积极作用于学生的选择和生活方式,促使他们流向服务行业,成为半技术工人。总之,职业学校学生正处于一个新社会阶层初级阶段：共享着相似的生活方式、生活机遇、市场地位和有限的社会流动。     

为何少数族群的参与较少?——移民、教育以及选举程序对亚裔美国选民登记及投票的影响

美国黑人和白人在选举投票上的差异性一直备受学界关注,但是亚裔美国人参与投票率低这个问题却没有得到应有的重视。利用当前人口调查中关于投票和登记的附录,笔者分析评估了对于亚裔美国人及其他少数族群投票率低的四种解释,即社会经济(socio-economic)解释、文化适应(acculturation)解释、差异性回报(differential return)解释、制度障碍(institutional barriers)解释。笔者运用一种统计学模型,能够同时对登记和投票进行评估,得出了四点结论:第一,社会经济解释在解释白人与亚裔美国人的差异性时,没有像解释白人与其他少数族群的差异时那么有说服力;第二,作为文化适应的两项重要指标——移民身份和居住时间——直接影响到亚裔美国人和拉美裔美国人的选民登记,但对其投票的影响甚微;第三,教育通常对参与投票有积极的影响,但是教育对亚裔美国人参与率的影响相对低于其他族群,尤其是白人;第四,制度障碍,尤其是对于选民登记的各种要求,不同比例地屏蔽了很多亚裔美国人,其次是拉美裔美国人,去参与最后的投票。本文的反事实分析(counterfactual analyses)表明,如果没有选民登记这项要求,亚裔美国人和白人在选民投票上将没有区别。