游戏的文学——以韩愈的“戏”为中心

裴度以"戏"批评韩愈文学的游戏倾向;韩愈征引经书,以"戏"来为自己辩解;柳宗元从"有益于世"角度为韩愈的游戏文学辩护."戏"在不同的语境中具有不同意味,与韩愈的文学创作发生着不同的联系.     

萨特的"整体性"、"整体化"概念和他的"人学辩证法"

萨特认为,辩证运动来源于个体的多元复合的总体的"整体化","辩证法"应该是在人的个体实践的"整体化"活动中来理解."整体性"是经验可理论的个体实践的多元复合性关系及其结构的总体关联性,它是"整体化"的结果,也是"整体化"运动中具有惰性作用的暂时的调节性因素,它体现着个人的各种关系和结构,是可以通过触景生情的联想而予以把握的."整体化"是人的不断发展的多元复合性关系的实践及其过程,另方面它也是实践场域的运动,并且,这二者是相互规定和制约,使个人及其实践始终面向未来,从而构成历史的辩证法;同时,"整体化"也就是人的最根本的存在.个人是历史的施动者,同时他也是被整体化者.所以在萨特看来,辩证法也就是"人学辩证法".     

教育与人的发展

从"教育"与"人的发展"这两个术语的定义,以及"人的发展"这一术语近来多次出现的背景及其所带来的对教育的不同规定,论述教育与个体发展的相互作用、个体发展的两个尺度,以及在这一问题研究方面所取得的成就与面临的挑战。鉴于目前人们对教育的看法过于狭隘,建议扩大教育的范围,将价值观念、性格、责任感和情感文化等也纳入教育的范畴。     

Pseudolikelihood estimation in a class of problems with response-related missing covariates

Many practical situations involve a response variable Y and covariates X , where data on (Y, X ) are incomplete for some portion of a sample of individuals. We consider two general types of pseudolikelihood estimation for problems in which missingness may be response-related. These are typically simpler to implement than ordinary maximum likelihood, which in this context is semiparametric. Asymptotics for the pseudolikelihood methods are presented, and simulations conducted to investigate the methods for an important class of problems involving lifetime data. Our results indicate that for these problems the two methods are effective and comparable with respect to efficiency.     

市场原理对日本大学改革的影响——以日本国立大学为例

从20世纪80年代开始日本就提出国际化、信息化、高度化、多样化等高等教育的发展目标，90年代中，国家放宽各种设置基准，在各大学中相继成立新学部和新学科，并导入美国式的各种教育方法，改善教育管理的效果。从2004年起，国立大学和公立大学法人化制度实施后，政府和大学开始摸索新的管理运营方式，各国立大学在国家的指导和支援下进行着各种经营管理的改革实验。虽然引入了以英美大学为原型的新的管理体系，但各大学仍保持着日本式的运营方式，各方面改革的速度也并不一致。基于竞争原理的大学改革已逐渐渗透到大学各机构，未来的10年，日本大学的管理运行方式将有可能发生巨大的变化。     

The Impact of Educational Homogamy on Isolated Illiteracy Levels

In this article, we explore the impacts that education expansion and increased levels in educational homogamy have had on couples’ isolated illiteracy rates, defined as the proportion of illiterates in union that are married to an illiterate partner. First, we develop the methodology to decompose isolated illiteracy rates into two main components: one related to level of homogamy among illiterates, and the other related to the educational distribution of the spouses. Second, we use harmonized international census microdata from IPUMS and DHS data for 73 countries and 217 samples to investigate which of the two components is more important in shaping the level of isolated illiteracy. Our results indicate that the expansion of literacy has been more powerful than the increases in the tendency toward homogamy in its impact on isolated illiteracy rates. As the percentage of illiterates decreases over time, an increasingly large proportion of them marry literate individuals, showing that opportunities for intermarriage among illiterates expand despite the strengthening of homogamy.     

试论方干的隐居及其心态

方干被称为一位“不识朝、不识市”的高隐，其实并非如此。他早年及中老年时曾在睦州故乡和镜湖过着隐居生活，但身在江湖却心存魏阙。他曾多次应举求仕，却屡遭挫折，一生始终未能抑制住为求仕而躁动的心。经历多次挫折之后，他感叹愤激，不时地唱出了似若敝席功名、豁达自处、甘于隐退的诗句，然而这正是他急于求仕而不得时发出的心声，表现出不甘于隐逸而追求入仕的微妙心态     

The incorporation of gender scholarship into sociology

The prospects of an intellectual revolution in sociology informed in part by a feminist perspective loomed large in the early 1970s. Following Ward and Grant's (1985) empirical examination of gender and feminist scholarship in sociology journals between 1974 and 1983, our research provides an empirical assessment of the “second ten years” after the feminist critique of the discipline, 1984–1993. Specifically, we examine the incorporation of gender-content scholarship into mainstream sociology journals. Our research also assesses the extent to which gender-content scholarship published in these journals is feminist-oriented or not and the extent to which this is influenced by the sex of authors, the type of journal, and the sex composition of editorships and editorial boards. Our findings indicate that although there were more gender- and feminist-oriented articles published in the recent ten-year period, proportionally there were fewer feminist-oriented articles than in the previous ten-year period. Our findings suggest that a feminist revolution in sociology is not likely to occur anytime soon, although the assimilation of feminist scholarship into sociology is occurring along the lines of other critical intellectual movements in recent decades. David V. Waller current research focuses on intellectual and social changes in the social sciences including the impact of electronic journals on communication among scientists, and on the geopolitical and economic determinants of change in the contemporary world system. Dana Dunn has authored articles on gender stratification, sex-based earnings inequality, and women in political office, and is editor of Workplace/Women's Place, a textbook addressing women's experiences in the workplace. Please direct all correspondence to David V. Waller, Assistant Professor of Sociology, Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Box 19599, University of Texas, Arlington, TX 76019 or to Waller@uta.edu.     

Development of intercultural competence among US American teachers: professional development factors that enhance competence

The increasing diversity of the student age population in the USA calls for increased cultural competence on behalf of educators to effectively teach students. This article reports on a study of a suburban school district’s initiatives that utilized the Development Model of Intercultural Sensitivity, the Intercultural Development Inventory (IDI) as a baseline measurement tool, and subsequent professional development for teachers, to promote the development of intercultural competence. ANOVA and regression analysis models were used to determine the variables that affect teachers’ perceived intercultural competence after their participation in professional development.