The Relation Between Emotion Production Behavior and Preschool Social Behavior: In the Eye of the Beholder

Two questions were examined with a sample of preschool children: (a) What is the relation between emotion production behavior and classroom social behavior?; and (b) Does familiarity with a child affect the perception of emotion expressions and the relations between emotion expressions and social behavior? Two theoretical perspectives on the ‘eye of the beholder’ (familiarity) were evaluated: reputation bias and generalized effects. Sixty‐eight (55% female) children were photographed posing emotion expressions (e.g., happy, sad, and angry). Expressions were rated by classmates, peer strangers, and adults. Classmates and teachers evaluated social behavior. Analyses indicated that children who were more negative and dependent had angry production biases and were likely to display happy expressions instead of sad. Results support the reputation bias and generalized familiarity theories.     

生态时代与共同体

生态时代的一系列观念应该发展。作者论述了生态时代和共同体观念、生态时代观念的思想来源、生态时代与宗教等文化因素的关系、宽恕和恩惠 ,探讨了未来生态时代和社会共同体的基础。其主要的思想内容是强调未来的社会共同体形式应该与生态自然之间建立起相互有益的平衡 ,改造我们的文化以使生态时代的生活成为现实。     

蒙古萨满的活动

本文摘译了赤松智城所著《满蒙的民族与宗教》一书,本书记录了作者在东蒙北部的所见所闻,重点介绍了蒙古族萨满的仪式与活动,有助于我们了解草原民族的宗教信仰与文化。     

"But"用法集锦及其翻译

“But”是一个十分常用的词 ,它既可以作连词、介词、副词及代词 ,又可以和其它词组合构成短语来表示许许多多的意思。由于其用法比较复杂 ,给我们的翻译及正确运用带来了很大的困难。这里根据本词的功能从四个方面较为深入的论述其用法及其翻译。     

声律:汉语言文学的听觉美感

中国人对汉语音调之美的把握经历了一个从模糊朦胧到自觉清晰的过程。六朝时期 ,“四声”的发现及其在创作中的尝试应用 ,诞生了声律论 ,标志着这一过程的完成。声律论强调五言诗的创作要凸显语言声调的规律变化。从深层意义上讲 ,这一理论暗合了中华民族崇尚和谐的美学精神     

科学发展观视野下的企业可持续发展

企业可持续发展是经济、社会可持续发展的基础。在科学发展观视野下的企业可持续发展思路是 :人才辈出为企业可持续发展之本 ;创新乃企业可持续发展之源 ;清洁生产是可持续发展之路 ;企业文化建设是企业可持续发展之魂 ;建立学习型组织是企业可持续发展之保证。     

马克思主义理论创新与理论联系实际方法--论江泽民关于理论联系实际进行马克思主义理论创新的思想

在新的历史时期进行马克思主义理论创新 ,必须坚持运用理论联系实际的方法。运用理论联系实际方法进行马克思主义理论创新 ,既有马克思主义理论研究传统的根据 ,又有中国共产党历史经验的依据 ;既是社会实践、时代发展和社会主义现代化建设的客观要求 ,又是辩证唯物主义哲学原理的实际展现。近年来 ,江泽民同志明确地提出了理论联系实际进行马克思主义理论创新的思想 ,并将其概括为 :对马克思主义进行理论创新 ,既要坚持马克思主义的基本原理、观点和方法 ,又要坚持解放思想、实事求是、追求真理、勇于创新的科学原则 ,二者必须有机结合。这一科学方法论思想 ,与江泽民同志的“三个代表”重要思想有着密不可分的关系 ;可以说 ,“三个代表”重要思想 ,就是理论联系实际进行马克思主义理论创新方法在新时期具体运用的结果。     

Can Klein and Kohut work together in a group?

This paper addresses the usefulness of recent contributions of psychoanalytic theory to treatment in groups. Current concepts of Klein and Kohut are described and illustrated with clinical examples. The Kleinian emphasis upon innately destructive features of personality, such as envy, is juxtaposed with Kohut's attention to the need for emphathic responses to deficits in mirroring, soothing and identification. Reconciliation of these differing points of view is considered practical and worthwhile.     

苏联法制建设的失误与教训

存在了七十多年的苏联在短短的时间内土崩瓦解 ,其法制建设上的失误是重要原因。斯大林至勃列日涅夫时期的失误埋下了国家分裂的种子 ,戈尔巴乔夫时期的失误则提供了适宜的土壤。这些失误留给我们的深刻教训在于 :政治权力的行使必须纳入法制化轨道 ,国家的稳定才不致因领导者个人的去留而发生动摇 ;共产党的活动必须局限于宪法和法律的范围以内 ,不能允许任何党员有超越于宪法和法律之上的特权 ;法律文化建设必须作为一项战略性任务予以高度重视 ,以促进全民族的法制文明尽早实现。     

Mother–Adolescent Conflict: Adolescent Goals,Maternal Perspective‐Taking,and Conflict Intensity

Younger and older adolescents were interviewed about their goals in recent disagreements with their mothers. Six goals were identified: instrumental (simply gaining their immediate desire); dyadic concern; achieving emotional support; autonomy; dominance; and nonengagement (avoidance of conflict). Younger adolescents reported significantly more instrumental and significantly fewer emotional support and dominance goals than did older adolescents. Maternal perspective‐taking predicted more dyadic concern and fewer dominance goals, as well as more nonengagement goals for younger adolescents. Dominance goals mediated the effect of maternal dyadic perspective‐taking on conflict intensity for older adolescents.