Autistic Behavior,Behavior Analysis,and the Gene

The Analysis of Verbal Behavior - This article addresses the meaning of autism, the etiology of autistic behavior and values, the naturenurture debate, contingencies vs. genes, and resistance to a...     

From the Editor

Sociological Forum -     

A STATISTICAL MODEL FOR DUPLICATE TOURNAMENTS IN GAMES OF LUCK AND SKILL

Many games played between two contestants start with a random deal, which introduces luck from the deal. The concept of ‘duplication’, commonly employed in Bridge tournaments, can be used to nullify that luck in a tournament. This paper poses a model for the contest between any two players and analyses the model for a tournament which employs the duplication principle. Two example tournaments on a new game are analysed.     

Aboriginal Harvesting in the Moose River Basin: A Historical and Contemporary Analysis

Les territoires traditionnels de chasse et de trappe des Cris dans les régions méridionales du bassin de Moose River ont été infiltrés au début du XXe siècle, par les colons euro-canadiens et l'exploitation des ressources qui s'est ensuivie, avec l'encouragement actif du gouvernement provincial. Après la Deuxième Guerre mondiale, ces tendances se sont également propagées au nord du bassin. Selon de nombreux contemporains, l'économie basée sur la chasse et la trappe des Cris s'était désintégrée face à la concurrence des Euro-Canadiens et l'appât du travail rémunéré et de la vie villageoise. Cependant, de récentes études sur le terrain démontrent l'importance continue et la viabilité de l'économie autochtone traditionnelle du bassin de Moose River.
The traditional hunting and trapping territories of the Cree in the southern reaches of the Moose River Basin were infiltrated by Euro-Canadian settlement and resource-based development early in the 20th century, with the active encouragement of the provincial government. After the Second World War, these trends were also evident in the northern part of the Basin. Many contemporaries believed that the Cree hunting and trapping economy had disintegrated in the face of Euro-Canadian competition and the lure of wage labour and village life. However, recent field studies document the continuing importance and viability of the traditional aboriginal economy of the Moose River Basin.     

Social Structures and Resistance to Strategic Change: British Manufacturers in the 1980s1

This article examines the refusal of two UK manufacturers to adapt their strategic ‘repertoires’ to the recessionary and structural changes of the 1980s. From being industry leaders in 1980, both companies were relegated to overseas control by the end of the decade. Developing both institutionalist and contextualist approaches to organization, the article argues that this fatal resistance to change derived from the deep social structural roots of these two companies' politics and cultures. Conservative managers were able to defy new capitalist logics by drawing upon alternative social structural sources of power, legitimacy and inspiration. The article concludes by considering the implications of this plural structuring of organizations both for organizational theory and for the management of change in practice.     

Rethinking productivity: The perspective of the Earth as the primary corporation

Productivity and its consequences touch everything. Its comprehensive embrace includes Wall Street and rain forests, automobile output, diminishing Earth stocks, satisfying insatiable consumerism, chemical toxins, increasing population, and loss of topsoil. We ride the postindustrial roller coaster with its upside and downside. Thus, economically, we can cheer as the stock market goes up, up, up. Ecologically, we can lament this trajectory as sending a message that the life systems of the planet are going down, down, down.A rising environmental awareness is recognizing that the Earth is in a deficit position. Hence, the logical warrant for rethinking productivity. Here, our metaphors become a powerful communication system; specifically, the justification for rethinking productivity from the normative perspective of the Earth as the primary corporation. Wearing such an accountability lens, the business person understands the language and the judgment that, if the Earth falls to bankruptcy, then everything else collapses.To explore this critical issue positively, a framework is used setting forth ten guiding principles toward an ecological consciousness. Immediately following each principle, specific connections are made to initiate the process of rethinking productivity. The purpose is to offer not only concrete thinking and creative alternatives but actionable ideas or applications in the workplace and in our industrial and commercial settings; and to stimulate the beginnings of dialogue with the business community. The proposal builds toward a potential commitment worth the full investment of our human energies.The guiding principles emphasize the shamanic attitude which sees all things swayed by sacred meanings; shifting from object-domination to the experience of a subject radiating an interior richness; experiencing the infinitely differentiated splendor of the Earth; taking time to listen to the voices of divine presence; recovering insights of the mind and insounds of the heart to live in compassionate harmony with the Earth; becoming passionately engaged with life as an experience of celebration, with human happiness rescaled to Earth needs; becoming educated to the genius of the Earth and the human as its most original mode of expressiveness; with the full substance of our humanity, relating in mutually enhancing ways to the entire Earth community; inspired by the Dream of the Earth, finding enterprises worthy of our human energy; in the unfolding of this New Story, putting on a new imagination, Re-VISION-ing the human and being shaped by an ecological consciousness as a way into the future.Corresponding to each of these guiding principles, actionable ideas and applications are offered: choosing appropriate quality of life indicators; energizing people in organizations through the systematic elimination of all forms of waste; building upon the George Winter model for installing an environmental business management system; addressing three strategic levels of listening; enlarging lessons of world-class manufacturing organizations to planetary scope; extending the insights of a "geologian" to Earth dynamics; drawing upon the power of storytelling; contrasting the Dominant Social Paradigm and the New Environmental Paradigm. In summary, an extraordinary future awaits business leaders whose vision of this new productivity paradigm is inspired by a Dream of the Earth.