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941.
Healthy life expectancies are almost always calculated by using health data from cross-sectional surveys. This type of calculation is done partly because data from longitudinal surveys are not always available, and when they are available, they are collected at intervals that are longer than one year. In such cases, collecting health information retrospectively for the years skipped by the survey is useful. The main purpose of this paper is to show how retrospective health information can be used to estimate life expectancies in different health states. Healthy life expectancies are estimated with and without using data on retrospective health information, and the corresponding estimates are compared. The two sets of estimates are similar. We conclude that retrospectively assessed health information based on a one-year recall period can be used to estimate years of life in various health states and that estimates based on such information will closely approximate estimates based on concurrent health information. 相似文献
942.
Myron P. Gutmann Kristine Witkowski Corey Colyer JoAnne McFarland O’Rourke James McNally 《Population research and policy review》2008,27(6):639-665
Spatially explicit data pose a series of opportunities and challenges for all the actors involved in providing data for long-term
preservation and secondary analysis—the data producer, the data archive, and the data user. We report on opportunities and
challenges for each of the three players, and then turn to a summary of current thinking about how best to prepare, archive,
disseminate, and make use of social science data that have spatially explicit identification. The core issue that runs through
the paper is the risk of the disclosure of the identity of respondents. If we know where they live, where they work, or where
they own property, it is possible to find out who they are. Those involved in collecting, archiving, and using data need to
be aware of the risks of disclosure and become familiar with best practices to avoid disclosures that will be harmful to respondents.
相似文献
Myron P. GutmannEmail: |
943.
This paper assesses the predictive ability of the Box-Jenkins methodology when utilized in an on-going setting. Three procedures are utilized to update the original forecasts generated from the Box-Jenkins models: adaptive forecasting, re-estimation, and re-identification. The results indicate that constant monitoring of the structure and parameters of the time-series models are necessary through time. It appears that adaptive forecasting techniques are insufficient to update BJ time-series models when used in conjunction with quarterly earnings data. Re-estimation is recommended as each new observation becomes available. Re-identification procedures are recommended on a less frequent basis. 相似文献
944.
945.
946.
Marketers are often interested in testing whether the mean vectors of multivariate distributions are equal. The test usually applied, one-way MANOVA, assumes the distributions are multinormal. Unfortunately, this assumption is not supported in many studies. As an alternative, a nonparametric multivariate one-way analysis of variance procedure is presented. 相似文献
947.
E. James Meddaugh 《决策科学》1975,6(2):376-382
Application of control charts has significantly improved process control by explicitly recognizing uncontrollable variation in the process. A dangerous misapplication of the technique involves the use of control charts with data produced by accounting systems. This paper points out the weaknesses inherent in using aggregated accounting data for inferences about cost control. 相似文献
948.
949.
A number of criticisms of expectancy theory as an explanation of work effort have been raised in recent months. These criticisms are basic enough and based on sound enough evidence to warrant consideration of possible alternate frameworks for the study of work effort. Promising alternatives are: (1) Detuned Cognitive Models; (2) Acognitive Models; and (3) Combined Cognitive and Acognitive Models. 相似文献
950.
Simon Bockmühl Andreas König Albrecht Enders Harald Hungenberg Jonas Puck 《Review of Managerial Science》2011,5(4):265-289
The extant literature highlights numerous different factors influencing the timeliness and intensity of incumbent response
to discontinuous technological change. However, this literature has so far not been synthesized and is therefore limited in
its analytical, predictive, and normative power. We develop a comprehensive model of incumbent response that organizes different
explanatory factors into the three distinct dimensions of (1) identification and interpretation, (2) decision making, and
(3) organizational implementation. We also conceptualize how response intensity and timeliness affect business performance
in new technological domains. We test the model against data from 320 firms from the German dental lab industry, finding substantial
support for the majority of our hypotheses. This study offers unique empirical insight in observing that cognitive constructs
such as framing and management flexibility have the strongest impact on both intensity and timeliness of incumbent response
to technological, and thus, strategic discontinuities. Together, our findings have important implications for both theory
and practice. 相似文献