SOME LIKE IT HOT: INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN RESPONSES TO GROUP FEELING THERMOMETERS

In this paper we explore the nature and causes of individualdifferences in the use of feeling thermometer items to evaluatesocial groups. Some respondents have a general tendency to assignhigher overall temperature readings and some tend to use a widerrange of the temperature scale. These tendencies are partiallyunderstandable in terms of the respondent's evaluations of socialgroups, but other important predictors are identified. Methodsof adjusting feeling thermometer scores to account for individualdifferences are explored, using data from the 1984 AmericanNational Election Study. The conclusion is that some sort ofadjustment is probably useful for those studying supportersof conservative groups, though such a procedure may not be neededfor those who focus on liberal groups.     

Judgments of the Carter-Reagan Debate: The Eyes of the Beholders

In line with social-psychological theory and with findings fromprior analyses of the impact of televised campaign debates,the 1980 Carter-Reagan debate seems to have been interpretedlargely in light of preexisting candidate preferences. Knowledgeof whether a viewer intended to vote for Carter or Reagan and,for undecided voters, knowledge of position on the liberal-conservativecontinuum, permit accurate predictions to be made of judgmentsof who won the debate.     

RACE AND TRUST IN GOVERNMENT: TESTING THE POLITICAL REALITY MODEL

Ever since the Institute for Social Research began measuringpolitical trust more than twenty years ago, racial differenceshave been noted. Since 1968 blacks have been notably less trustingthan whites. The explanation most commonly offered is the politicalreality model. This note directly tests the political realitymodel by comparing the relationship of race to trust in twosettings. One is the nation in 1984 and the second is a citywhere a black mayor and black administration had been in officefor eight years. If the political reality model is correct,the relationship of being black to trust should be positivein the local setting, precisely the opposite of the negativedirection in national samples. The political reality model performedwell under this direct comparison. As others have found, theCPS trust questions measure in large part one's evaluation ofincumbents. These incumbent evaluations are part of the politicalreality that blacks respond to in answering the trust questions.     

院校协作式校本课程开发与教师专业化——以香港小学常识科科学探究课为例

上世纪90年代以来,香港一直致力于教学改善.教学改善以学生的发展为终极目标,这对教师工作的专业化提出了更高的要求.教师唯有主动地在教育实践中产生一定的有创新意义的活动,才能更好地把握教育变革的脉搏.伙伴合作式校本课程开发的主旨在于通过大学研究员与教师合作,双方共同经历思考一行动一反思的过程,以促进教师专业自主性的方式优化教学.     

A股上市公司变相财务操纵对行业估值的影响

关于上市公司利润操控的相关研究主要是将净利润作为一个事关操控的敏感指标,但在监管与被监管双方努力的博弈下,其可被操纵的潜力已被充分挖掘。从实证角度关注上市公司财务操纵的其他可操作途径,其中就包括一些看似合理的变相财务操纵手段。按照2001年中国证监会公布的《上市公司行业分类指引》,把我国上市企业分为13个行业,对不同行业内企业2003—2013年部分主观可操控的财务指标与其所在行业的平均市盈率进行格兰杰因果检验和回归分析,结果表明,一些行业内企业的部分财务指标与其所在行业的平均市盈率存在领先与滞后关系,并且影响作用显著。     

朱彝尊“醇雅说”之探讨

指出浙西派创始人朱彝尊以其独特的"醇雅说"而在清代众多文学流派中独树一帜,其崇雅正、斥淫哇、抑豪放、偏清空的创作理念对当时及后世都产生了广泛的影响。结合朱氏生活的时代背景及其创作的大量的诗词作品,从多个角度探讨了朱氏作品的旨趣与风格,以期最终描绘出"醇雅说"的内涵及其在指导诗词创作中重要的理论价值。     

儒家的社会规范与阴阳五行秩序

所谓规范指称"标准化的秩序"。社会规范指的是为社会成员所提供的是非标准和行为指南,因而也是人们具体行为必须要遵循的行为法则。儒家的社会规范可分为两种:一是以"德礼"为核心的积极的规范,其目的在于通过教化的力量来改变人们行为的根本态度;二是以"法刑"为核心的消极规范,其目的在于通过物理的制裁来暂时控制人们的行为。规范必须拥有其合理性。在儒家看来,社会的规范不是来自于近代社会学理论所讲的社会契约,而是来自于自然本身的秩序。因而"三纲五伦"以及"礼乐"、"刑政"等规范都体现着阴阳五行的自然法则。跟近代的社会学理论相比,儒家的社会规范具有以下的特点:其一,儒家的社会规范不是以平等的个人,而是以有差别的个人为前提;其二,儒家规范的根本目的不在于实现功利性或者效率性,而在于实现道德性;其三,儒家的规范不是为了实现社会契约,而是为了实现阴阳五行的自然秩序。