计算机化过程中辅助资产与竞争优势的关系研究

本文探讨先期采用EDI与竞争优势之间的关系,辅助资产也作为变量被引入研究.数据分析结果表明,先期采用EDI的公司没有获得竞争优势,而辅助资产对成本削减、讨价还价能力增强、先发优势与协同效益的作用显著.     

ALTERNATIVE PATHS TO PARENTHOOD: IVF OR CHILD ADOPTION?

This article analyzes the effects of child adoption on the utilization of assisted reproductive technology (ART) in the United States. Using state‐level longitudinal data for 1999–2006, we show that ART use is responsive to changes in adoption markets. After controlling for state‐specific fixed effects, our estimates reveal that a 10% increase in adoptions leads to a 1.3%–1.5% decrease in the number of ART cycles performed. The responsiveness is higher when we consider infant adoptions, adoptions by older women, and international adoptions, while there is no substitutability between ART and adoption of related children. (JEL I11, J13, J18)     

Watergate and the 1974 Congressional Elections

Strong, if delayed, public reactions to the Watergate scandalsare documented through examination of Gallup and Harris pollresults. Analysis of panel data (N = 181) collected before,during and after the major Watergate revelations, however, suggestthat beliefs about Nixon's involvement in the scandal had littlerelationship to 1974 political behaviors. Some evidence is providedthat whom or what the voters blamed for the scandal beyond Nixondid influence the 1974 elections to some extent     

EFFECTS OF INTEGRATING ORDER/BACKORDER QUANTITY AND PRICING DECISIONS

We consider a monopolistic situation where the retailer aims to find the profit-maximizing selling price, and the order and backorder quantity of an item. The price and demand are assumed to be inversely related. We develop a simple optimal approach, the proportion-balancing algorithm (PBA), which utilizes the proportions of cost components to sales revenue. We demonstrate that the PBA can handle three commonly used demand functions. However, applicability of the PBA depends on how the price-demand relationship is specified. A sensitivity analysis shows that the effects of changes in cost parameters on the order and backorder quantities can be very different from those of the classical economic order quantity model with backorders.     

Abstinence-Only: Are You Not Working the Program or Is the Program Not Working for You?

Low retention rates are common in substance use treatment programs. The dominant model of service delivery in the United States is abstinence-only, a high-threshold service delivery model requiring abstinence. What “doesn’t work” for the client—from the client point of view—is an overlooked source of insight about client engagement and disengagement. We report client counter-narratives about the choice to disengage from abstinence-based services, shifting from a story of “dropouts” to one of self-respect. Understanding why clients choose to disengage from treatment can help us as practitioners to “meet clients where they are” and enhance engagement in substance abuse treatment.     

Corporate interests within transnational advocacy networks: The International Coalition Against Plain Packaging

Most of the research on transnational advocacy networks documents progressive, voluntary movements, motivated by values associate with human rights and public goods. There is little critical reflection on the role of corporations within such networks or on the material motivations behind movements. Meanwhile literature on corporate political strategies related to partnerships with civil society is limited to national level analysis. This article presents a case study of the International Coalition Against Plain Packaging, which is conceptualized as a transnational advocacy network, and documents its links to the tobacco industry. We find that, not only have tobacco companies provided network members – publicly presented and perceived as independent – with financial resources, but they have also been involved in producing the information used by the network to debate the benefits of plain packaging. In return, the tobacco industry is able to propagate ideas favorable to its interests through organizations perceived as legitimate experts, and to maintain a network of allies ready to counter tobacco control regulations when and where they arise. Considering the multiple benefits corporations might derive from engaging with transnational advocacy networks, there is need for greater research on private actors’ influence within advocacy networks and on those networks that aim to counter or advance alternatives to progressive ideals.     

21世纪东亚价值观--从比较思想的角度

任何思想和文化的本质都不是独自形成的,而是与其他思想和文化有着密切的关联.所以通过比较韩国、中国、日本的思想和文化的本质,找出东亚三国思想的差异性,通过与西欧中心主义的比较找出其普遍性,从而使相对独立发展的,不强求相互同一化,但相互促进的东亚文化,成为21世纪东西方思想文化的共同价值.     

GLOBAL JOB SHOP SCHEDULING WITH A GENETIC ALGORITHM

This paper describes a global job shop scheduling procedure that uses a genetic algorithm to find a good schedule. Unlike previously considered algorithms, this procedure has been implemented in the scheduling system for a manufacturing facility and has led to improved scheduling. This facility is a semiconductor test area. The test area is a job shop and has sequence-dependent setup times at some operations. The concern of management is to meet their customer due dates and to increase throughput. This requires the coordination of many resources, a task beyond the ability of simple dispatching rules. We discuss a centralized procedure that can find a good schedule through the use of a detailed scheduling model and a genetic algorithm that searches over combinations of dispatching rules. We discuss our effort in developing a system that models the shop, creates schedules for the test area personnel, and makes a number of contributions to test area management.