Ageing Population: Identifying the Determinants of Ageing in the Least Developed Countries

Population Research and Policy Review - The issue of population ageing is no longer exclusively centred on developed countries. Empirical studies have proven that the rise in the proportion of the...     

Comparative Perspectives on Social Indicators

Social Indicators Research -     

Professional discretion and length of work experience: what findings from focus groups with care managers in elder care suggest

ABSTRACT

Research has explored how care managers in elder care – who often function as ‘street-level bureaucrats’ – regard professional discretion. The way in which length of work experience affects care managers’ use of professional discretion remains, however, unexplored. This article present findings from 12 focus groups with 60 care managers. By bringing attention to how care managers experience the needs assessment process, this article sheds light on how these ‘street-level bureaucrats’ struggle when they try to balance their clients’ needs against institutional frameworks and local guidelines. Length of work experience seems to play a role in how care managers claim to use professional discretion. Experienced care managers describe how they deviate from the guidelines at times in order to create an increased scope of action in their decision-making process. Those with less time in the profession describe greater difficulties in this respect. Findings suggest that research should explore if length of work experience plays a role in the actual way in which care managers assess needs and make decisions. As such, they contribute to our understanding of how needs assessment processes are navigated by professionals while also pointing towards the nature of professional discretion in gerontological social work.     

A continuous characterization of the maximum vertex-weighted clique in hypergraphs

For a simple graph G on n vertices with adjacency matrix A, Motzkin and Strauss established a remarkable connection between the clique number and the global maximum value of the quadratic programm: \(\textit{max}\{ \mathbf {x}^T A \mathbf {x}\}\) on the standard simplex: \(\{\sum _{i=1}^{n} x_i =1, x_i \ge 0 \}\). In Gibbons et al. (Math Oper Res 122:754–768, 1997), an extension of the Motzkin–Straus formulation was provided for the vertex-weighted clique number of a graph. In this paper, we provide a continuous characterization of the maximum vertex-weighted clique problem for vertex-weighted uniform hypergraphs.     

自我建构对消费者促销方式偏好的影响

  形式多样的促销手段成为企业在激烈市场竞争中赢得胜利的重要方式。已有研究涉及的促销方式直接受益实体都是消费者自身,随着消费者社会责任意识的提高,直接受益实体为慈善机构的捐赠促销活动不断出现,然而很少有学者对不同受益实体的促销方式的效果进行比较。         基于信息框架理论和调节定向理论,以打折促销和捐赠促销为研究对象,运用分类变量中介检验和3阶交互效应方法,通过Spss软件中的Process插件进行Bootstrap中介效应分析,解释调节定向在不同自我建构消费者对两种促销方式偏好关系中的中介作用机制,并引入感知风险和感知稀缺两个变量,探究其在自我建构对消费者促销方式偏好影响中的调节作用。         研究结果表明,调节定向在自我建构与促销方式选择的关系中起中介作用,即拥有独立自我建构的消费者认为促进定向信息说服力更强,从而偏好打折促销方式;拥有依存自我建构的消费者认为防御定向信息说服力更强,从而偏好捐赠促销方式。当感知风险较高时,防御定向信息强化依存自我建构的消费者对捐赠促销方式的偏好;当感知风险较低时,促进定向信息强化独立自我建构的消费者对打折促销方式的偏好。当感知稀缺较高时,防御定向信息强化独立自我建构的消费者对打折促销方式的偏好;当感知稀缺较低时,促进定向信息强化依存自我建构的消费者对捐赠促销方式的偏好。         在理论上拓展了信息框架效应的相关研究,揭示了自我建构与调节定向作用关系的适用边界。通过检验不同自我建构消费者对调节定向相匹配的促销信息评价机制,证明促销活动中的匹配机制可使促销效果更佳。在实践上,为企业在不同消费情景下面对不同特点消费者制定相应的促销活动提供了策略指导,从而提升企业的销售利润。     

网络恶搞：青少年集体狂欢的新主题

网络恶搞的风浪甚嚣尘上,它已成为青少年疯狂追捧的对象.本文以大众传播学、网络心理学、哲学、文化社会学、经济学的多维视角,深刻阐述当代青少年热衷追捧网络恶搞的原因,辩证思考网络恶搞对当代青少年的影响,指出减少与控制网络恶搞对青少年的消极影响需要青少年自身与社会等方面的共同努力.     

明末至清中叶白山派发展述略

本文首先考察了玛哈图木·阿杂木其人其事与白山派的关系,其次着重探讨白山派的早期沿革史,重点放在阿帕克和卓以前的历史活动上.因这段历史比较模糊,易产生混乱,而阿帕克和卓以后的历史发展较清晰,且学术界作过不少研究,所以就这段历史略加叙述.     

School–work systems in postindustrial societies: Evidence from Japan

The Japanese system of school–work has been widely admired for the strong communication and recruitment relationships that exist between high schools and employers. We develop a framework for understanding the macro-level conditions that fostered the effectiveness of the system up until the early 1990s. These conditions included a stratified secondary educational system, a large supply of high-quality high school graduates, and high demand for young workers to fill entry-level positions in the internal labor markets of large firms. We use original data from a sample of urban high schools to analyze how Japanese employers’ recruitment patterns changed in the 1990s and beyond. The results of that analysis and a counterfactual analysis suggest that recent changes, especially in Japanese employment institutions, have significantly weakened high school–employer relationships. We suggest implications of the Japanese case for school–work processes in other postindustrial societies.     

试论“猺”、民、汉的演变——地方和家族历史中的族群标签

广西大藤峡地区在明代以猺乱频繁而闻名。明中期,桂西土司狼兵进入当地平乱,明政府安插教化,形成了猺、獞、狼、民等族类共存的格局。清朝,隨着国家正统文化秩序确立,土著通过创建宗族等方式建构祖先的士大夫形象。现今该地区被称为猺、獞、狼者已踪影难觅,取而代之者是被认定为汉族的人群,大多族谱也称祖先来自广东。族群标签及族谱编撰的背后,呈现的是地方社会变迁与国家秩序建立的复杂历史过程。本文以大藤峡地区崇姜里人群的身份变化为个案来揭示此过程。     

民族自治地方政策制定过程中的族际政治互动分析

在利益分化渐趋深入特别是各民族间的利益差异越发明显的情况下,以利益竞争为核心的族际政治互动在民族自治地方的政策制定过程中日益凸显出来,并产生了广泛而深刻的影响.同时,族际政治互动过程是存在着诸多问题的,随着族际政治互动的常态化发展,这些问题逐渐暴露出来.治理族际政治互动,就是要着力解决这些问题.相应地,能否最大限度地发挥族际政治互动的积极作用,消除其负面影响,也取决于这些问题的解决程度.