The Divergent Paths of the Ethnic Parties in Post-Communist Transitions

This article provides a comparative analysis of the evolution of ethnic parties in the three most important ethnically divided societies in post-communist Europe (not including the former Yugoslav republics): Bulgaria, Romania and Slovakia. The starting point of the analysis is the fall of communism, when ethnicity re-emerged as a salient issue in each of these three states and a potential source of conflict. In these contexts, the ethnic parties formed by each of the most important minorities in these states became crucial actors of transition, but also highly relevant at the level of highly volatile party systems. In contrast with the wide majority of the literature, which focuses on single case studies, this exploratory study allowed for a comparative multi-dimensional account of the development and evolution of several ethnic parties, paying attention to the national contexts. Rather than reaching major conclusions that can be generalized for ethnic parties in general, this article provides a good base for further comparative studies on ethnic parties as crucial actors in divided societies.     

背包旅游者与梅里雪山目的地的互动研究

以徒步梅里雪山雨崩村的背包旅游者为对象,运用参与观察、深度访谈等方法,将互动划分为旅游前、旅游中和旅游后三个阶段,从"景观"和"人"两个维度探讨背包旅游者与旅游目的地的互动过程。研究发现:目的地的原生态景观是吸引背包旅游者的首要因素;背包旅游者与目的地之间的互动表现为旅游前的咨询式互动、旅游中的参与式互动和旅游后的延续性互动,三个阶段的互动具有各自不同的特点;互动形成了以雇佣关系、竞争关系为代表的商业性主客关系以及路人关系、同伴关系、朋友关系、婚姻关系等情感性主客关系;互动程度受到多种因素的制约。     

Islamophobia in the media: a response from multicultural education 1

This paper looks at the media in Germany and Australia in order to focus on the question of how Islam is accepted in both countries, and the extent to which Islamophobia exists. It was discovered that, for the most part, the media in both countries present a somewhat biased view of Muslims and Islam. However, there were some significant differences: (1) a higher acceptance of multiculturalism in the Australian media, which is revealed in the greater number of articles on ordinary, everyday multicultural life; (2) differences in the portrayal of migrants’ roles; and (3) the terminology used to refer to migrants. The paper concludes by outlining the ways in which multicultural education could contribute to a reduction of Islamophobia.     

电子商务-陕西经济腾飞的快车道

在西部大开发进程中,发展电子商务是陕西经济腾飞的快车道.电子商务可以改变陕西的闭塞状态,有效地进行广告宣传,提高产品价值实现率,加速资金周转,提高资金利用率,增强产品的比较优势.因此,创造条件,大力发展电子商务,对于促进陕西经济腾飞具有积极作用.     

当前中国社会信任缺失原因探析

信任是连接个人与社会、他人的一种基本纽带,信任缺失对人们之间正常的交往关系和社会发展产生了很多不良影响。信任缺失的原因包括,传统文化的局限性导致信任缺乏文化持续性;人的个体意识理性不足导致信任缺乏理性基础;中介系统不完善导致信任缺乏制度保障。     

McDonald's ωt,Cronbach's α, and Generalized θ for Composite Reliability of Common Factors Structures

In the common factor model for subtest scores, several reliability coefficients, including Cronbach's α, have been found to be biased. In this article, we introduce a new coefficient, θ_G, or Generalized θ, which is a generalized version of Armor's θ coefficient and is equal to the true reliability when the dimensions are orthogonal and the measures are parallel. We assessed the McDonald's ω_t, α, and θ_G in terms of mean bias, efficiency, and precision using a Monte Carlo simulation. θ_G outperformed ω_t when the factors were orthogonal or nearly orthogonal with low correlations between them.     

Exact confidence region for the parameters of the gamma distribution based on two independent samples

The gamma distribution has been discussed by many authors. This article proposes an exact confidence region for the parameters of a two-parameter gamma distribution. The result is based on the fact that the percentiles of the F-distribution, with equal degrees of freedom k, are monotonic in k.     

Coming out within transnational families: intimate confessions under Western eyes*

This article is about ‘coming out’ and the process of disclosure of queer migrants within their transnational families. Despite debates about the decreasing relevance of coming out in contemporary western societies, we argue that the process of coming out continues to be a central mode of belonging and identity construction for queers in the context of transnational migration. Interviews with migrants from Poland, Russia and Turkey in Germany on their coming out experiences show that people rely on a variety of boundaries, i.e. gender, class and ethnicity, to construct a desired way of life. Theoretically, these insights indicate the need to reframe post-structuralist theories on power, most prominently advanced by Pierre Bourdieu and Michel Foucault, from an intersectional perspective. The findings in this paper pinpoint to the challenges of transnational social life queer migrants are confronted with through empirical illustrations of perceptions of differences and ambiguities between immigration and emigration contexts. Furthermore, we advocate that sexuality is a crucial dimension of migration processes determining self-definition in relation to people and places, which makes their stories of coming out always also stories of ‘coming home’.     

医院和医务人员在医疗事故中的损害赔偿责任

随着社会的发展和人们法律意识的普遍增强,医院和医务人员所面临的医疗纠纷与日俱增;而由医疗事故引发的医疗纠纷的赔偿问题,严重地困扰着医院和医务人员,也越来越受到社会的普遍关注。根据《医疗事故处理条例》,从医院和医务人员在医疗事故中的关系出发,明确医院和医务人员在医疗纠纷中各自应该承担的义务与责任,很有现实意义。