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381.
382.
Past researchers have found evidence that customers consider the sequence of event utility when evaluating past and future service experiences. Specifically, the evidence confirms that the placement of a peak event, the utility of the last event, and the slope of event utility over time all affect customer behavior and perception. We formulate an optimization problem with a focus on optimizing schedule sequence characteristics in order to maximize customer experiences. We discuss possible contexts in which this type of scheduling might be considered and, as an example, present a particularly complex model of a world‐renowned performing arts venue. We solve the problem with a simulated annealing algorithm and further discuss the complexity and opportunities associated with this type of scheduling effort. 相似文献
383.
Sharon Sassler 《Demography》1995,32(4):557-575
This paper uses the 1910 Census Public Use Sample to examine how the presence and activities of key family members shaped the labor force activity, domestic work, and schooling of working-age daughters. There is no evidence that daughters worked to send their brothers to school; parents practiced a more egalitarian distribution of resources than the literature suggests. Having brothers and sisters in school increased a daughter’s odds of attending school herself. Similarly, daughters with employed siblings were more likely to be gainfully employed. Nonetheless, parents allocated activities to sons and daughters in ways that reinforced traditional gender roles. Working brothers increase daughters’ likelihood of working in the home, while reducing their odds of attending school. 相似文献
384.
Women’s autonomy and child survival: A comparison of muslims and non-muslims in four Asian countries
Ghuman SJ 《Demography》2003,40(3):419-436
In this article, I evaluate the hypothesis that higher infant and child mortality among Muslim populations is related to the lower autonomy of Muslim women using data from 15 pairs of Muslim and non-Muslim communities in India, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Thailand. Women's autonomy in various spheres is not consistently lower in Muslim than in non-Muslim settings. Both across and within communities, the association between women's autonomy and mortality is weak, and measures of autonomy or socioeconomic status are generally of limited import for understanding the Muslim disadvantage in children's survival. 相似文献
385.
For slightly more than a century, psychologists, sociologists, demographers, and others have been studying family structure. The enterprise has been repeatedly characterized as having strong empirical roots, but little theory to nurture it and help it develop. Recently, articles have been published calling for the formalization of family demography, which we define as the discipline devoted to the study of family structure. This paper has the following purposes: (1) To develop a general taxonomy of family structure that unites researchers from several disciplines under one framework; (2) To review important methodological and measurement problems involved in the study of family structure; and (3) To review the recent theory-based empirical literature. We conclude with an assessment of the state-of-the-enterprise.This research was supported in part by a junior faculty research fellowship from the University of Oklahoma to the first author. The Carolina Population Center and the University of North Carolina Department of Psychology provided research and library assistance. Special thanks are extended to Thomas Berndt, George Holden, J. Richard Udry, and several anonymous reviewers who read and commented on earlier drafts of this article. 相似文献
386.
This report is aimed at investigating beliefs and intentions of Iranian adolescents regarding marriage and family building approximately four years after the Islamic Revolution, which brought substantial political and cultural changes. Differences associated with gender and parental education were found in beliefs and intentions regarding marriage and family building. Also, the sample seemed to hold more traditional cultural values than did a comparable prerevolutionary sample of youth who were from the same geographical location and were of the same sex and parental educational background. However, it was found that even the groups from the lowest educational background showed some degree of nontraditional attitudes and intentions regarding marriage and family. Interpreting the findings in light of cultural observations and attitude change theory, it is argued that a certain degree of real attitude change has occurred, and is continuing, in the nontraditional direction among educated youth. 相似文献
387.
W. A. Thompson I. B. Vertinsky W. G. Wellington 《Researches on Population Ecology》1979,20(2):188-200
Summary A stochastic model of western tent-caterpillar populations on southern Vancouver Island was used to assess conditions leading
to outbreaks. Three qualitatively different populations-declining, minimal, and recovering-were exposed to six-year climatic
sequences incorporating various combinations of good, bad, and mediocre spring weather. Starting populations were either distributed
randomly or concentrated in and around small-, medium-, or large refuges.
The results showed that virtually any type of population could temporarily increase in numbers during two highly favorable
springs. Only a very few vigorous populations, however, could sustain the momentum required to surge to outbreak proportions.
No low-quality population could do so. And even vigorous populations could not achieve outbreak status unless they were initially
concentrated in a sufficiently large refuge that was close enough to potentially suitable habitats to permit rapid immigration
into such places as soon as their local climates improved.
The concept of “climatic release” of insect populations is discussed in the light of these findings. The results demonstrate
that climatic release is inextricably linked with a population's qualitative profile and spatial distribution.
Order of authorship determined by chance. 相似文献
388.
Financial literacy research of the past 40 years (1970–2010) has largely ignored the reasons for sociodemographic differences in financial outcomes. The primary purpose of this paper is to initiate a theoretical discussion
regarding family financial socialization—what it is; why it is important; and how its tenets could help advance understanding
of individual differences in financial literacy. To this end, we propose a conceptual model that integrates family socialization
theory and recent trends in financial literacy research. The study concludes with an interdisciplinary critical review of
100 articles which provide illustrations, highlight gaps, and present opportunities for further research with many practical
guidelines for advancing deeper understanding of financial literacy from a socialization perspective. 相似文献
389.
Sassler S Joyner K 《Social forces; a scientific medium of social study and interpretation》2011,90(1):223-245
Research has extensively examined matching on race and other characteristics in cohabitation and marriage, but it has generally disregarded sexual and romantic relationships. Using data from the 2002 National Survey of Family Growth and the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, we examine the tempo of key transitions in the recent relationships of young adults aged 18 to 24. We focus on how the racial mix of partners in relationships is associated with the timing to sex, cohabitation, and marriage. We find evidence that relationships between white men and minority women proceed more rapidly than relationships involving other racial combinations from romance to sexual involvement and from sexual involvement to cohabitation. Our findings have important implications for social exchange perspectives on mate selection. 相似文献
390.
Sharon E. WilliamsAuthor Vitae Quienton l. NicholsAlan Kirk Takeisha Wilson 《Children and youth services review》2011,33(1):157-160
Consistency of services to children and their families continues to be an ongoing problem in public child welfare agencies. Worker turnover is high, thus affecting the availability of a well trained, experienced workforce. It is critical that we continue to explore the factors associated with worker turnover and retention in public child welfare agencies. Such knowledge will allow us to determine the needs of workers, administrators, and the agency in general, in an effort to create an environment that will result in worker retention, and a better quality of services. Children and their families will be major benefactors of such knowledge as the consistency and quality of services will be enhanced. Existing research has found that outcomes for families and children are affected by the workload and training of frontline workers, and organizational characteristics (GAO, 2003, NASW, 2004, and Milner, 2003). This study describes personal and organizational factors relative to worker retention for public child welfare workers in the northwest corridor of Georgia. 相似文献