Liability Issues in Social Work Education

This article reports on a spring 1995 national survey of program deans and directors on liability issues in social work education. Areas explored included programs' use of field training agreements, legal actions involving students in field placements, and formal procedures for and litigation resulting from termination of students and faculty. Court decisions and accreditation standards are linked to the findings, and comparisons are drawn to a 1988 study. Program size, rather than level or location, was found to be the key factor in the formality and use of established procedures.     

Breaking the germline barrier in a moral vacuum

ABSTRACT

In November 2018 a Chinese scientist claimed to have used CRISPR/Cas 9 technology to genetically modify two human embryos that were then gestated in one adult woman through an IVF pregnancy and brought to term. The twin girls are allegedly the first babies born with their prenatal genomes edited. Using both English language and Chinese supporting documents, this paper discusses the background of this human experiment, the social context of Chinese science, and the alleged ethical transgressions of its principal scientist.     

A Loss of Credibility: Patterns of Wrongdoing Among Nongovernmental Organizations

This paper analyzes, from a cross-national perspective, publicized incidents of wrongdoing by nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). A content analysis of media reports of scandals over the past four years involving NGOs was conducted to identify issues and trends in governance and management problems. The analysis is confined to NGOs that are involved in the financing and/or delivery of health and human services in order to facilitate comparisons. International and U.S. cases of wrongdoing, covering the gamut of embezzlement to mismanagement, are identified and the common elements and unique features of these cases are examined. The underlying problems that allowed these cases to occur and their implications in regard to NGO credibility and public trust are identified and options for enhancing accountability explored.     

SELF-MOCKERY: AN ALTERNATIVE FORM OF SELF-PRESENTATION*

The first part of the paper delineates grounds for doubting that enhancing performances are as pervasive as the self-presentational literature suggests. Then, the notion of structural ambivalence is used to demonstrate that there is considerable “leeway” in role taking, especially in the case of humorous or playful behaviour. Extending this analysis, it is argued that self-mockery constitutes an important aspect of the presentation of self. The remaining sections of the paper seek to define, illustrate and explore the functions of various types of self-mockery. Above all, it is suggested that self-mockery serves to increase the positive emotional sentiments among participants.     

Evidence-based practice in occupational health: description and application of an implementation effectiveness model

Work-related muscuoloskeletal disorders (WMSDs) continue to represent the most costly category of occupational diseases. There is a growing body of literature regarding the causal nature of these injuries and effective intervention strategies. In this context, the consistent utilization of evidence-based practice (EBP) to address these problems can be viewed as one indicator of occupational health effectiveness. However, the routine integration of EBP remains elusive in occupational and physical therapy practice, including the occupational health arena. This article describes an implementation effectiveness model from the field of organizational management and applies it to the implementation of EBP within the occupational health practice arena. As a predictive or evaluative tool regarding implementation success, the model can assist clinic managers and clinicians in developing targeted approaches to EBP initiatives within any health care facility.     

ELECTRIC AND PLUG‐IN HYBRID VEHICLE DEMAND: LESSONS FOR AN EMERGING MARKET

Understanding demand in the new plug‐in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) market is critical to designing more effective adoption policies. We use stated preference data from an innovative choice experiment to estimate demand for PHEVs relative to battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and to explore heterogeneity in demand for these vehicles. We find the gap between willingness to pay for PHEVs and their price premium over conventional vehicles is on the order of current subsidies, while that of BEVs is an order of magnitude larger. We use a latent class model to show PHEVs draw a different consumer segment into the market. (JEL Q5, R41)     

Systematically collected information at encounters with HIV-positive students: A review of 10 years of electronic medical records

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine clinical and epidemiological information collected by Student Health Center (SHC) providers on HIV-positive students, and benchmark this information against Infectious Disease Society of America guidelines. Participants: Students who utilized the SHC and had an ICD-9 code indicating positive HIV status between 2005 and 2015 (3?=?7). Methods: In June 2016, we accessed the free-form provider notes of the SHC’s electronic medical records to identify specific, recorded epidemiological and clinical information. Results: Seven unique students sought care at the SHC during the study period. Current sexual risk taking and other known behavioral risk factors were absent from all records, along with CD4 count and viral load. ART status was only available for one patient, and he was not on ART. The information collected failed to meet IDSA benchmarks. Conclusion: Clinically- and epidemiologically-relevant information is not systematically collected from HIV-positive students at SHCs.