对艺术及设计教育中素描教学的再认识

早在八十年代,“素描是一切造型艺术的基础”这一说法就被打上了问号。艺术形式的多元化,现代设计造型观念的改进和发展,使得本来就狭窄的素描教学模式已明显不适应于现代艺术和艺术设计教育的发展。于是,很多有识之士在艺术基础教学中做了许多有益的尝试、探索和创新,并在争论中发展和成长着。由于艺术教育和设计教育本身的缘故,至今素描教学没有全国统一的大纲和教材,因而不同的学校、不同的专业、不同的教师在素描教学中,存在着很大的差异和分歧,以致对于素描及其造型能力的培养和相关的一些问题被重新提出,并作相应的探讨。     

教育属性识别与教育产业探讨

本文命题教育属性识别与教育产业探讨 ,意在识别教育属性的基础上 ,探讨教育产业的内涵实质 ,提出教育发展的措施建议     

留学生与中国现代化路向的选择

本文着重探讨了留学生在中国现代化过程中所起的作用。本文认为 ,中国现代化因列强的介入而启发 ,但也因此而陷入模仿的怪圈 ;留学生重新考量了中国现代化的逻辑起点 ,确立了“立国”须先“立人”的主张 ,以思想文化尤其是文学作为实现现代化的基本的价值取向和突破口 ,从而为中国现代化的实现找到了一条可行的道路     

Stress at work and psychological and immunological parameters in a group of Norwegian female bank employees

This study concerned the immunological correlates of stress and work. Self reported stress, emotional state, ego-strength, and defensiveness were examined in relation to measures of cellular immunity (T-cell response to Con A and number of T4 and T8 cells) and humoral immunity (concentrations of immunoglobulins and complement components in plasma) in a group of 96 Norwegian female bank employees. The analyses showed that workload, the stress factor with the highest group mean, was associated with number of T-cells, while strain due to body posture during work was related to concentrations of IgM and C3. Further, depression was significantly correlated with IgM concentration and T-cell number, and anxiety with C3 concentration. T-cell activity was the immunological parameter most consistently associated with psychological well-being, showing positive correlations with defensiveness and ego-strength and negative correlations with anxiety and depression. In conclusion, T-cell number and concentrations of IgM and C3 were sensitive to both work-related stress experience and emotional distress. Coping abilities, indicated by the MMPI Ego-strength scale and emotional distress, were reflected in T-cell activity; insufficient coping was associated with low T-cell activity.     

African American Children's Adjustment: The Roles of Maternal and Teacher Depressive Symptoms

This study examined the unique and interactive roles of mother and teacher depressive symptoms in child adjustment in 277 African American single mother‐headed families, as well as whether the associations differed depending on the age and gender of the child. Findings revealed a significant association between maternal depressive symptoms and child depressive symptoms in girls, but not boys. Moreover, the combination of higher levels of both mother and teacher depressive symptoms was associated with the highest level of child depressive symptoms and, for younger children, externalizing symptoms. The importance of considering the multiple social contexts in which children interact is discussed.     

沿海经济带建设:加快苏北现代化进程的新支点

地处中国东部开放窗口的江苏沿海经济带,纵贯苏中、苏北两个区域,覆盖南通、盐城和连云港3市,面积3万多平方公里,人口2018万,分别占全省的29.2%和27.9%.但是,它的国内生产总值和财政收入2000年只有1584.8亿元和99.0亿元,分别占全省的18.5%和11.5%.经济落后与其所处区位极不相称.面对新世纪、新形势和新要求,江苏必须进一步增强发展苏北的使命感和紧迫感,通过强力推进沿海经济带建设,切实如快苏北现代化进程.