Emerging Orientation to the Life Course Approach In Japan

Abstract  This paper reviews and describes the various results of the life course approach in Japan in the decade since its introduction. During the latter half of the 1960s and the early part of the 1970s young researchers of the postwar generation were searching for a new perspective with which to describe and explain the world. It was at this time that the life course approach was developed in the American academic community among several interrelated disciplines, such as sociology, anthropology, psychology, and history. In this preliminary phase the FLC research group, organized and administered by Kiyomi Morioka, played a significant role. Since its dissolution, many former members have continued to introduce the life course approach to other researchers, and much work has been done.     

The development of analysis of variance for circular data

The new approach to the analysis of variance type technique for the angular data suggested by Harrison, Kanji & Gadsden (1986) has been extended for the analysis of larger designs. Examples are given to indicate the validity of the new approach.     

A mixture model for wind shear data

Wind shear is known to be an important factor affecting the safety of aircraft during take-off and landing period. Records of its measurement obtained from a civil airlines are presented and discussed. A mixture model with variable proportionality constant is used to describe this data. The method of minimum chi-squared is used to estimate the mixture proportionality constant and the suitability of the model is considered.     

POWER ASPECTS OF ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE IN FIXED EFFECT MODEL ONE-WAY CLASSIFICATION

The sensitivity of the power in analysis of variance to the departure from the in-built assumptions other than the normality of errors is discussed in Kanji (1975). To obtain the power values he considered the general linear hypothesis model.
Kanji (1976a) discussed a particular case of the above situation, that is fixed effect model two-way classification. In this paper another particular case, that of the fixed effect model one-way classification is discussed, the main purpose of which is to investigate whether it could show a different picture to the two-way classification, especially for unequal replication. The results so obtained are presented in Tables 1A, 1B and 1C. They indicate that the power value is greatly affected by the inequality of error variances and unequal group sizes.     

Labor Force Participation,Regional Location,and Economic Well-Being of Single Mothers in Russia

This paper tests the contribution of increased labor market participation to a substantial narrowing of the gap in material welfare between two parent and single mother households in Russia in the period 1996–2003. Decomposition analysis employing the technique of Juhn et al. (Accounting for a slowdown in black–white wage convergence, Kosters (ed), 1991) and data from the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey shows that increased labor market participation explains about one-third of the narrowing of the welfare gap. Changes in the regional distribution of single mother households, specifically increasing concentration in Moscow and St Petersburg, have proved critical because of the higher wages available in these cities. Thus quality of employment has been as important as increased participation in the labor market.     

Service Barriers of Chinese Family Caregivers in Canada

ABSTRACT

Family caregiving is a stressful process, especially when the complexity of being an immigrant or ethnic minority is added. This paper examined service barriers experienced by Chinese immigrant family caregivers in Canada and the predictors of different types of barriers. Principle component analysis was performed with the barriers reported loading onto cultural barriers, administrative problems, circumstantial challenges, perceived negative quality of services, and personal attitudes. Multiple regression analysis was used to identify the role of the culture-related factors in predicting service barriers, controlling for socio-demographic status of the caregivers'. The results show that financial factors significantly predicted the number and types of barriers reported by the caregivers. Culture-related factors were significant in predicting the total number of access barriers and the different types of barriers experienced by the family caregivers. The findings indicate the importance of culturally sensitive support for family caregivers in order to reduce the access barriers.