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821.
Barbara A. Anderson John H. Romani Heston Phillips Marie Wentzel Kholadi Tlabela 《Population and environment》2007,28(3):133-161
Understanding the relationships among perceptions, behaviors and awareness of environmental initiatives is important for both
policy makers and social scientists. There is, however, limited consensus among scholars as to the reasons for differences
and similarities among ethnic and socio-economic groups in their environmentally related attitudes and behaviors. South Africa,
which has established a constitutional right to a safe environment, together with the presence of parallel first and third
world populations, offers an unusual setting in which to examine these issues. Using the 2004 South African General Household
Survey, the similarities and differences between African and non-African households with respect to the perceptions, behaviors
and awareness of programs related to water and water pollution are examined. Africans and those with lower socio-economic
status are more likely to perceive water pollution as a community problem; educational attainment is unrelated to this perception.
In combination with perception of water pollution as a problem, education is positively related to taking action to treat
water for drinking and food preparation. Awareness of a highly touted program to clear waterways of alien vegetation is strongly
positively related to socio-economic status, and is much more common among non-Africans than Africans. 相似文献
822.
Barbara A. Anderson 《Population and environment》2002,23(5):437-464
Between 1992 and 1993 Russia's population declined, as it has in every succeeding year. This has been viewed as a population disaster, related to high adult male mortality and deterioration of the health care system. Some see a substantially depopulated Russia in the future. However, the prospect of long-term population decline is completely due to recent declines in fertility. High adult male mortality, although a cause of great concern, does not contribute to the chance of long-term population decline. Projections of the future population of Russia depend upon the exact fertility assumptions used. Based on the example of fertility in the United States in the Great Depression and the Baby Boom following World War II, the future depopulation of Russia is far from certain. 相似文献
823.
Barbara Griffin 《Work and stress》2013,27(4):309-323
Abstract This study extends incivility theory and research by applying multilevel theory and analysis to explain the effect of group-level incivility on intention to remain. Previous research has shown that experiencing workplace incivility is associated with adverse individual well-being and behaviour, such as turnover intentions, but the majority of research has been at the individual level of analysis. Consequently it is unknown whether incivility is also a group-level phenomenon, and what the effects of group-level incivility are on the individual. Results from over 34,000 employees working in 179 organizations across Australia and New Zealand showed that target reports of incivility could be aggregated to the level of the organization to form a shared stressor, incivility environment, which affected employees’ intention to remain over and above their personal experience of incivility. This shared or environmental incivility also had a cross-level interaction effect on the negative relationship between individual incivility and intention to remain, highlighting the importance of context on targets of incivility. The role of interactional justice climate was also examined and the data are consistent with justice having a mediating effect on the cross-level relationship between environmental incivility and intention to remain. The findings are relevant to studies of bullying and harassment. 相似文献
824.
Barbara Sena Mensch 《Population studies》2013,67(2):309-327
In this paper the question whether reproductive behaviour is consciously altered by the death of a child is answered by using World Fertility Survey data from Colombia, Costa Rica, and Korea. Alternative strategies are proposed by which women replace children who have died. They may choose to contracept for a shorter period following the death of a child, or they may cease using contraception. Each strategy is analysed separately for selected birth intervals and its effect estimated with loglinear techniques. It is found that the timing and nature of the response to child mortality appear to depend on the stage reached in a country's fertility transition. 相似文献
825.
ABSTRACTDepression in older women is a significant and growing problem. Women who experience life stressors across the life span are at higher risk for developing depression than their male counterparts. Research has focused primarily on identifying and reducing the symptoms of depression for the general aging population, disregarding gender-specific differences in the foundational causes of depression. This article examines how women’s unique experiences influence the development of depression and highlights how the current mental health system could better meet older women’s needs by moving from a gender-neutral model to one that emphasizes women’s experiences. 相似文献
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828.
Rebecca R. Cheezum Chris M. Coombe Barbara A. Israel Robert J. McGranaghan Akosua N. Burris Sonya Grant-White 《Journal of Community Practice》2013,21(3):228-247
This article presents results of the outcome evaluation of Neighborhoods Working in Partnership (NWP), a community-based participatory research project of the Detroit Community–Academic Urban Research Center, designed to enhance policy advocacy skills through training and support, thereby increasing community capacity, engagement, and empowerment of Detroit residents to change policies. Focus groups and conversational interviews were conducted with NWP participants. Results indicate that the workshop empowered participants and enhanced dimensions of community capacity. Participants reported engaging in policy advocacy activities and various policy successes. Participants identified challenges and facilitating factors to their policy campaigns. Recommendations for similar trainings are provided. 相似文献
829.
Although an expansive literature exists on individual experiences after a catastrophic event, there is less attention to how the community as a social structure experiences a significant tragedy. These public tragedies create disruptions across multiple domains of community functioning. Using the Community Capacity Model (Hart, 1999) as a framework for assessment, outcomes of a public tragedy are described. Additionally, community practice approaches are identified for the three phases that communities subsequently experience: crisis, processing of the event, and adaptation. 相似文献
830.