完善农业补贴政策的思路与对策——以山东省为例

针对农村产权结构的变化和农民经营自主权的加强,适应国内外农产品市场发展的需要,山东省深入贯彻农业补贴政策,不断加大对农业支持的力度,对提高农业的总体水平与国际竞争力,发挥了积极效应。但在实践中也同时产生了一些需要通过完善补贴政策加以解决的问题。主要是,要充分利用现有的政策空间,在补贴的规模与范围上,进一步加大黄箱补贴的力度,建立农业补贴的长效机制,充分发挥好补贴政策的激励作用。应区别情况,因地制宜的规划好绿箱补贴的目标模式选择,强化补贴资金的监管,保证补贴资金落实到位和合理使用。     

Methodological Validation of Quality of Life Questionnaire for Coal Mining Groups-Indian Scenario

Maslow’s hierarchy-of-needs theory has been used to predict development of Quality of Life (QOL) in countries over time. In this paper an attempt has been taken to derive a methodological validation of quality of life questionnaire which have been prepared for the study area. The objective of the study is to standardize a questionnaire tool to assess the QoL of residents in a problem area in India. From a pre tested 16 parameter questionnaire tool factorial validity were established to extract three domains and were mapped in accordance to Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs theory. Out of these 16 parameters 13 were found relevant. Then a new tool was conceptualized with 13 pre selected parameters and other parameters were pooled from existing tool and reviews to form a 36 parameter tool. Factor analysis was done to extract the domains. Reliability of the tool was also tested to find the relation between the domains of QoL. Then the quality of life of the study area was interpreted to find the distribution of respondents among the categories of QoL. 70% of respondents reported to have average quality of life. The tool was found to be highly reliable and valid.     

城乡统筹背景下重庆城市化进程空间机理研究

文章在修正传统城市化指数基础上,从空间角度对重庆各区县城市化进程分析,结果表明:重庆地区城市化进程存在明显的空间集群现象;1998-2008年间重庆市各地区城市化第二产业比率指数和第三产业比率指数对经济增长的贡献有明显增强;而城市化非农人口比率指数对经济增长的贡献正逐年减弱。因此,将城市化重心转移到地区产业结构调整,比单纯通过扩大城市范围、增加非农人口比例来提高城市化率更能促进当地经济增长。     

珠三角不同类型社区的社会组织发展特点比较分析——以中山市为调研个案

社区社会组织在加强社区管理、推进社区自治、培育社区文化、推进社区公益方面日益凸显其独特的优势与功能。但由于各社区的经济发展程度、居民的结构、文化基础等方面的差别,不同类型的社区其社会组织发展的状况、特点以及发展中遇到的困难等也各不一样。文章以中山市为调研个案,对珠三角的不同类型社区社会组织发展状况及存在的问题进行了比较分析。     

人机系统中作业者心理负荷问题研究综述及展望

心理负荷既是效率问题,更重要的是安全问题。由于机器自动化、知识经济和信息社会的快速发展,效率问题得到有效的解决,而人的心理健康以及职业安全问题则日益突出,造成这种状况的根本原因就是沉重的心理负荷。从20世纪70年代以来,众多研究者力图去定义心理负荷,后来发现只能下＂操作化定义＂。以威肯斯（C.D.Wickens,1984,2002）为代表的一些研究者找到了更有效的研究方法,即通过模型去进行测评研究。后来的研究不再把心理负荷作为纯效率问题,而是作为身心健康问题进行研究。本文认为,心理负荷的测评应该成为安全职业适应性的核心内容。     

On coupling particle filter trajectories

Particle filters are a powerful and flexible tool for performing inference on state-space models. They involve a collection of samples evolving over time through a combination of sampling and re-sampling steps. The re-sampling step is necessary to ensure that weight degeneracy is avoided. In several situations of statistical interest, it is important to be able to compare the estimates produced by two different particle filters; consequently, being able to efficiently couple two particle filter trajectories is often of paramount importance. In this text, we propose several ways to do so. In particular, we leverage ideas from the optimal transportation literature. In general, though computing the optimal transport map is extremely computationally expensive, to deal with this, we introduce computationally tractable approximations to optimal transport couplings. We demonstrate that our resulting algorithms for coupling two particle filter trajectories often perform orders of magnitude more efficiently than more standard approaches.     

Migration,Poverty, and Risk of HIV Infection: An Application of Social Capital Theory

A majority of current HIV/AIDS interventions are designed primarily after individual-based public health models and pay little attention to the socioeconomic environment in which HIV transmission occurs. This article focuses on outlining how migration acts as a conduit for disease transmission in South Africa and then proposes a macro-level prevention model based on social capital theory, thus then supplementing current prevention literature. It is based on the argument that social disruption and stresses from migration lead to sexual interactions during the migration periods that amplify the risk of HIV transmission among migrants.     

区域教师教育共同体建设背景下的《东南亚教师能力框架》:内容、特点及意义

东南亚教育部长组织(Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization,SEAMEO)于2015年提出了“振兴教师教育”战略。该组织及其下设的区域中心,联合其他区域组织和区域内各国积极开展有关教师教育的活动和项目,在区域内形成了推动教师教育改革和发展的合力。2018年7月正式出台的《东南亚教师能力框架》,是区域教师教育共同体建设的重要行动之一。该框架从教师促进自身专业发展的视角,明确了新形势下东南亚教师应该具备的关键能力、一般能力、使能能力和成功行为,并提供了一套评估工具和关于能力提升的路径建议。分析该框架的形成过程和内容可以发现,其具备人本性、发展性、指导性和区域性四个基本特点。该框架将推动东南亚国家进一步完善本国教师标准和提升教师教育质量,并在区域层面促进教师教育的交流与合作,助力区域教师教育共同体建设向纵深发展。