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81.
Stanley P. Y. Fung Chung Keung Poon Feifeng Zheng 《Journal of Combinatorial Optimization》2008,16(3):248-262
We consider the problem of scheduling a set of equal-length intervals arriving online, where each interval is associated with
a weight and the objective is to maximize the total weight of completed intervals. An optimal 4-competitive algorithm has
long been known in the deterministic case, but the randomized case remains open. We give the first randomized algorithm for
this problem, achieving a competitive ratio of 3.5822. We also prove a randomized lower bound of 4/3, which is an improvement
over the previous 5/4 result. Then we show that the techniques can be carried to the deterministic multiprocessor case, giving
a 3.5822-competitive 2-processor algorithm, and a 4/3 lower bound for any number of processors. We also give a lower bound
of 2 for the case of two processors.
A preliminary version of this paper appeared in the Proceedings of COCOON 2007, LNCS, vol. 4598, pp. 176–186.
The work described in this paper was fully supported by a grant from City University of Hong Kong (SRG 7001969), and NSFC
Grant No. 70525004 and 70702030. 相似文献
82.
Weiping Wang Saini Yang Jianxi Gao Fuyu Hu Wanyi Zhao H. Eugene Stanley 《Risk analysis》2020,40(9):1780-1794
The negative impact of climate change continues to escalate flood risk. Floods directly and indirectly damage highway systems and disturb the socioeconomic order. In this study, we propose an integrated approach to quantitatively assess how floods impact the functioning of a highway system. The approach has three parts: (1) a multi-agent simulation model to represent traffic, heterogeneous user demand, and route choice in a highway network; (2) a flood simulator using future runoff scenarios generated from five global climate models, three representative concentration pathways (RCPs), and the CaMa-Flood model; and (3) an impact analyzer, which superimposes the simulated floods on the highway traffic simulation system, and quantifies the flood impact on a highway system based on car following model. This approach is illustrated with a case study of the Chinese highway network. The results show that (i) for different global climate models, the associated flood damage to a highway system is not linearly correlated with the forcing levels of RCPs, or with future years; (ii) floods in different years have variable impacts on regional connectivity; and (iii) extreme flood impacts can cause huge damages in highway networks; that is, in 2030, the estimated 84.5% of routes between provinces cannot be completed when the highway system is disturbed by a future major flood. These results have critical implications for transport sector policies and can be used to guide highway design and infrastructure protection. The approach can be extended to analyze other networks with spatial vulnerability, and it is an effective quantitative tool for reducing systemic disaster risk. 相似文献
83.
Given a graph, suppose that intruders hide on vertices or along edges of the graph. The fast searching problem is to find
the minimum number of searchers required to capture all the intruders satisfying the constraint that every edge is traversed
exactly once and searchers are not allowed to jump. In this paper, we prove lower bounds on the fast search number. We present
a linear time algorithm to compute the fast search number of Halin graphs and their extensions. We present a quadratic time
algorithm to compute the fast search number of cubic graphs. 相似文献
84.
Stanley B. Winters 《Canadian Slavonic papers》2013,55(3-4):267-282
The paper discusses the gendering of the Lithuanian national movement during its formative stage, 1883–1914. It concentrates on the intelligentsia’s debate on the women’s question, which served as one of the most significant cultural battlegrounds for the national elite, helping to define its own identity and new directions for Lithuanian nationalism. Through the discussion of different marital strategies and women’s roles in national politics as seen by the male intelligentsia, the paper argues that, despite the harsh critique of traditional peasant gender relations, the debate amounted to women’s virtual domestication. For male patriots, the emancipation of Lithuanian women meant, first of all, accepting the role of patriotic wives, i.e., responsibility for the education of children, or the role of nation mothers, which entailed nurturing new members of the community. A few secular and independent women writers were welcomed into nation-building politics but only as junior partners. 相似文献
85.
Stanley Hauerwas 《Journal for Cultural Research》2013,17(2):164-181
Abstract Drawing on the work of Nicholas Boyle, this paper argues that postmodernism represents the intellectual style we should expect as part of developing global capitalist regimes. Accordingly, I argue that postmodernism is not a friend but an enemy to Christianity just to the extent the former tempts us to lose our history. In that respect, the challenge of postmodernism is no different than the challenge of modernity. It becomes the Christian task now to narrate modernity and postmodernity on our own terms rather than those offered by the postmodernists. But for Christianity to be capable of such narration, it must rediscover in its own life the significance of the church which is capable of surviving in a world which is in many ways quite accurately described as postmodern. 相似文献
86.
The Role of Topic Interest in Survey Participation Decisions 总被引:12,自引:7,他引:5
While a low survey response rate may indicate that the riskof nonresponse error is high, we know little about when nonresponsecauses such error and when nonresponse is ignorable. Leverage-saliencetheory of survey participation suggests that when the surveytopic is a factor in the decision to participate, noncooperationwill cause nonresponse error. We test three hypotheses derivedfrom the theory: (1) those faced with a survey request on atopic of interest to them cooperate at higher rates than dothose less interested in the topic; (2) this tendency for the"interested" to cooperate more readily is diminished when monetaryincentives are offered; and (3) the impact of interest on cooperationhas nonignorability implications for key statistics. The datacome from a three-factor experiment examining the impact oncooperation with surveys on (a) five different topics, using(b) samples from five different populations that have knownattributes related to the topics, with (c) two different incentiveconditions. 相似文献
87.
Many studies have evaluated the impact of differences in population size and growth rate on population forecast accuracy.
Virtually all these studies have been based on aggregate data; that is, they focused on average errors for places with particular
size or growth rate characteristics. In this study, we take a different approach by investigating forecast accuracy using
regression models based on data for individual places. Using decennial census data from 1900 to 2000 for 2,482 counties in
the US, we construct a large number of county population forecasts and calculate forecast errors for 10- and 20-year horizons.
Then, we develop and evaluate several alternative functional forms of regression models relating population size and growth
rate to forecast accuracy; investigate the impact of adding several other explanatory variables; and estimate the relative
contributions of each variable to the discriminatory power of the models. Our results confirm several findings reported in
previous studies but uncover several new findings as well. We believe regression models based on data for individual places
provide powerful but under-utilized tools for investigating the determinants of population forecast accuracy. 相似文献
88.
89.
Gabrielle K. Aguilar Mariah Stanley Ellen Taylor 《Information, Communication & Society》2017,20(10):1498-1520
This article investigates the dominant messages Internet memes communicate about religion. Internet memes about religion are defined as, ‘memes circulated on the Internet whose images and texts focus on a variety of religious themes and/or religious traditions’ (Bellar et al., 2013). By drawing on meme genres identified by Shifman (2012) and analyzing techniques used to frame ideas concerning religion in memes, this study identifies common genres found amongst religious Internet meme and core frames used to present messages and assumptions about religion online. This article further draws attention to the importance of studying religion in digital contexts, as it highlights trends, recognized by scholars toward ‘Lived Religion’ within digital culture (Campbell, 2012). Lived Religion argues that contemporary media and digital culture provide important resources for presenting popular beliefs about religion. This study also suggests that studying Internet memes about religion provides a useful lens for understanding popular conceptions about religion within mainstream culture. 相似文献
90.
The current study sought to identify what parents would perceive to be helpful in terms of including technology topics in parent education programs, rather than assuming what would be best for parents. Parents were recruited for participation from a western state in the United States between 2012 and 2013. A qualitative approach was used to analyze parental responses (N?=?168) regarding what topics/areas would be beneficial if they attended an educational offering relating to teens and technology. Parents indicated they wanted specific direction and skills relating to the practice of implementing parental mediation, and information about staying current with the technology trends. Other findings focused on the difficulty of getting parents to commit to such education. 相似文献