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181.
Conclusion Why do Pommerehne and associates apparently overlook the point that both their hypothesis and data contain elements which are not compatible? Their findings in fact might be interpreted as contradictory to a human capital explanation for the behavior of their sample of economists. Kuhn (1970) would propose that mainstream economics has provided a set of assumptions to place over these findings that allows a neo-classical interpretation. However, the human capital theory does not address the contradictions in the data they gathered. As Berger and Luchman (1966, pp. 62–63) would conclude, institutionalization may take place in any area of relevant conduct to provide a corresponding canopy of legitimations, stretching over a protective cover of both cognitive and normative interpretation. Once again, the institutionalization of mainstream science has been successful in suppressing alternative assumptions that could explain the data more adequately and with greater consistency.We conclude that the paper by Pommerehne and associates contains shortcomings of theorizing and method. Likewise we conclude that a theoretical formulation which takes into account the normative and therefore the cultural factors of science will provide an explanation of the opinion and behavior of economists more in keeping with their empirical findings than one based on self-interest alone. 相似文献
182.
183.
Sixty-five self-identified frequent and infrequent blushers in four age groups (ages 13 to 55) were interviewed regarding their typical experience of blushing, physiological correlates of blushing, age-related changes in blushing, and the social context of blushing. Both groups experienced blushing as varying in intensity, duration, latency, and the extent to which it is accompanied by other physical symptoms. Reported frequency of blushing was negatively correlated with age (r=–.49,p<.0001). While 64% of the subjects age 25 and younger reported blushing more than once a week (and 36% blush daily), only 28% of those over 25 reported blushing more than once a week.We would like to thank Indra Thadani and Susan Cogan for assisting with the interviews and Gina Leveroni, Nancy Berger, and Maria Cruz for their assistance in coding interviews. This research was supported by an NSF Visiting Professorship in Science and Engineering award to the first author. The special assistance of Alan Goldfien, M.D., is gratefully acknowledged. Thanks also go to reviewers for their helpful comments. Preliminary results were presented at the meeting of the International Society for Research on Emotions, Clark University, July 1987. 相似文献
184.
185.
This study aims to enhance our understanding of job satisfaction of direct care workers in assisted living facilities. Low job satisfaction is related to high turnover rates and lower quality of care in assisted living. We integrate two theories of job satisfaction to investigate relationships among workplace support, role overload, and job satisfaction. Data are from a survey of 984 direct care workers in 108 assisted living facilities. Results from multilevel hierarchical linear models (HLM) indicate that job satisfaction varies both within and among facilities. Job satisfaction is negatively associated with role overload, and it is positively associated with institutional support, supervisor instrumental and emotional support, and coworker emotional support. These workplace support measures and role overload are separately and independently associated with job satisfaction. Enhancing job satisfaction of assisted living direct care workers will likely require a multipronged approach that includes improving institutional, supervisor, and coworker support while simultaneously directly addressing role overload. 相似文献
186.
Bova JR Eisenhart MC Goldberg JH McDowell SL 《Journal of gerontological social work》2007,50(1-2):75-90
Master's level social work gerontology students formed a Task Force on Missouri Medicaid as the primary course project of the Social Policy and Aging class at George Warren Brown School of Social Work, Washington University in St. Louis. Led by students, the Task Force collaborated with community leaders to address issues with the escalating enrollment and cost of Missouri's Medicaid program, resulting in a widely disseminated policy brief. Students identified multiple professional skills gained through this assignment and community leaders determined the issue brief to be a significant contribution to Missouri's Medicaid policy debate. 相似文献
187.
Friedman SR Reynolds J Quan MA Call S Crusto CA Kaufman JS 《Evaluation and program planning》2007,30(3):294-306
This paper describes the evaluation of interagency collaboration in a network of child-serving providers as part of the evaluation of the Bridgeport Safe Start Initiative (BSSI). In line with the system of care approach, the objectives of BSSI included reducing fragmentation of efforts and delivering integrated services to families of young children exposed to or at risk of exposure to family violence. Interagency collaboration was examined via social network and focus group data collected at three time points starting at baseline. Network analysis findings suggest that over time the network structure became consistent with BSSI's vision of an ideal collaborative network structure. Focus group findings, however, present a more complex picture of the status of collaboration. This paper sheds light on approaches and challenges to measuring interagency collaboration in a service delivery system and communicating social network analysis findings to stakeholders in a way that is accessible and useful. 相似文献
188.
Stucki S Rihs-Middel M 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2007,23(3):245-257
Background Excessive gambling is a prominent Public Health problem with high prevalence rates in many countries. Substance abuse and
other co-morbidities often constitute a major health hazard for the person which gambles with a loss of material and social
resources, as well as being a major concern for his or her significant others. The present study updates and extends prevalence
data to include work published between 2000 and 2005 in English and other European languages.
Methods In a three-step search and exclusion process, studies with current adult prevalence rates were gathered.
Results Almost all studies fulfil basic research standards. The weighted mean prevalence rates for excessive gambling (problem and
pathological) are 3.0% for the South Oaks Gambling Survey (problem 1.2%; pathological 1.8%), 3.3% for the Canadian Problem
Gambling Index (problem 2.4%; pathological 0.8%) and 3.1% for the DSM-IV (problem 1.9%; pathological 1.2%).
Conclusion The prevalence rates are comparable and relatively stable between countries and across survey instruments, and do not differ
from earlier reviews. The regular epidemiological monitoring of excessive gambling remains a major Public Health issue although
the distinction between pathological and problem gambling is not appropriate for epidemiological research. Further studies
are needed with respect to concomitant lifestyle characteristics. 相似文献
189.
Jonathan J. Mohr Regina M. Chopp Stephanie J. Wong 《Journal of gay & lesbian social services》2013,25(1):37-55
This study investigated stereotypes of heterosexual, gay, and bisexual men in a sample of 112 psychotherapists. Stereotypes were assessed with an open-ended measure asking participants to list characteristics that they associated with one of the three groups of men. Thematic analysis of these characteristics yielded 14 stereotype categories, including categories that reflected psychosocial difficulties (e.g., Depressed and Anxious), gender roles (e.g., Female Gender Role Attributes), and personality (e.g., Open-Minded). Sexual orientation differences were found for 8 of the 14 categories. For example, therapists were most likely to associate open-mindedness with bisexual men, traditional male gender role attributes with heterosexual men, and intelligence with gay men. Implications of results for practice and training are discussed. 相似文献
190.
Trina R. Williams Shanks Stephanie C. Boddie Solana Rice 《Journal of Community Practice》2013,21(1):94-117
This research examines individual development account (IDA) programs as part of a broader community development strategy for low-income/low-wealth communities, particularly communities of color. Through a review of multiple literatures and detailed case studies, we explore the potential of explicitly creating a community-based, family-centered development account program as a step toward a comprehensive community asset building approach in low-income urban neighborhoods. From the perspective of IDA practitioners, such an approach provides program participants with local support networks and access to additional services. From the perspective of grassroots community organizers, such an approach provides tangible benefits to low-income residents of their neighborhoods. The likelihood of success may depend on the availability of local resources to build areas of strength and reduce vulnerabilities, but there are examples where a family-centered, community-based asset building approach seems to thrive. 相似文献