洛克论宗教宽容

洛克的《论宗教宽容》,是现代西方处理宗教冲突的基本理论依据。但新近发现的文献表明,洛克早年是反对宗教宽容的。本文将洛克对宗教宽容的几次讨论放在十六十七世纪英国宗教冲突的政治背景之下,指出洛克前后期虽然主张不同,但都遵循同样的理论基础,即《第二篇政府短论》中提出的"神法—人法—兄弟法—私人法"的法律结构,只是针对英国现实问题,在这一框架当中适当调整。无论他主张宗教宽容还是不宽容,目的都是为了清除天主教在英国政治中的势力,围绕圣公会建立一个独立的民族国家。他晚年与普洛斯特有过多次争论,但所涉及的并不是原则性的分歧。我们今天思考宗教冲突与宽容问题,应该看到洛克宗教宽容思想的理论基础。     

公民监督的现代性功能意涵探析

随着我国社会主义政治文明建设的纵深推进,公民监督的社会功能和价值日益凸显;公民监督非惟是公民权利的不可或缺的组成部分,也是推动社会政治文明发展的重要动因,尤其在扩大民主政治、巩固政治稳定和提升人的主体性等维度上扮演了重要作用,显著地推进了我国社会主义政治文明程度的跃升。     

论苗族刺绣及其传承

苗族刺绣已被列入首批国家级非物质文化遗产，具有鲜明的艺术特色，但由于受传承方式等的影响，苗绣有濒临失传危机。因此，必须采取多种措施，强化苗绣的保护传承和开发利用。     

Quadratic estimators of covariance components in a multivariate mixed linear model

It is known that the Henderson Method III (Biometrics 9:226–252, 1953) is of special interest for the mixed linear models because the estimators of the variance components are unaffected by the parameters of the fixed factor (or factors). This article deals with generalizations and minor extensions of the results obtained for the univariate linear models. A MANOVA mixed model is presented in a convenient form and the covariance components estimators are given on finite dimensional linear spaces. The results use both the usual parametric representations and the coordinate-free approach of Kruskal (Ann Math Statist 39:70–75, 1968) and Eaton (Ann Math Statist 41:528–538, 1970). The normal equations are generalized and it is given a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of quadratic unbiased estimators for covariance components in the considered model.     

我国金融市场结构:特征、问题及其成因

我国金融市场结构的现状主要是金融市场结构失衡的矛盾比较突出,制约了金融市场整体功能的充分发挥和核心竞争力的进一步提高,使得金融市场结构的广度、深度和强度效应没有得到应有的体现。当前我国金融市场结构存在的突出问题是:一方面,从静态上表现为各个金融子市场之间存在着严重的不平衡和各金融子市场内部组成要素结构的不均衡。另一方面,从动态上表现为我国金融市场结构存在着变迁上的被动适应性、升级上的低层次性以及创新上的外生性等问题。导致上述问题的原因主要有:一是偏重硬件建设,忽视观念的树立和金融市场基础设施的健全与完善;二是偏重数量扩张,忽视金融市场整体功能的发挥与协调;三是偏重局部利益,忽视金融市场全局利益的平衡与兼顾;四是偏重眼前发展,忽视金融市场可持续发展环境的培育与改善。     

Backfitting Random Varying-Coefficient Models with Time-Dependent Smoothing Covariates

Abstract.  In this paper, we propose a random varying-coefficient model for longitudinal data. This model is different from the standard varying-coefficient model in the sense that the time-varying coefficients are assumed to be subject-specific, and can be considered as realizations of stochastic processes. This modelling strategy allows us to employ powerful mixed-effects modelling techniques to efficiently incorporate the within-subject and between-subject variations in the estimators of time-varying coefficients. Thus, the subject-specific feature of longitudinal data is effectively considered in the proposed model. A backfitting algorithm is proposed to estimate the coefficient functions. Simulation studies show that the proposed estimation methods are more efficient in finite-sample performance compared with the standard local least squares method. An application to an AIDS clinical study is presented to illustrate the proposed methodologies.     

陈寅恪"合本子注"说新探

通过对"合本"与"子注"相关文献的考察,认为两者属于不同性质的概念。以"广义合本子注"为线索,进一步指出陈寅恪先生"合本子注"概念中的"子注"实为"子本"。"合本子注"的提法不够严谨,其含义实等同于"合本"。最后指出,陈氏从佛学而非经学中寻找《洛阳伽蓝记》等书的体裁渊源,与其对史料的重视有关。