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161.
162.
This research examines the effect of school attachment on the likelihood of being an officially sanctioned delinquent using
data for a sample of youths in Tianjin, China. Our statistical analyses are organized around a conventional, integrated causal
model that draws upon Western criminological theories of delinquency. The results of multivariate regression analyses reveal
that school attachment and school quality are inversely related to an indicator of official delinquency status. A measure
of association with delinquent peers similarly exerts a significant but positive effect on official delinquency status. Our
analyses are consistent with perspectives on delinquency developed in the West, suggesting that these perspectives are reasonably
generalizable. We conclude with a discussion of new directions for further comparative research on delinquency in China. 相似文献
163.
Various diagnostic statistics have been proposed to help identify cases that markedly affect, or influence, the features of a fitted linear regression model. Once influential cases are found, decisions can be made regarding their worth in the model building process. Since a subject data set may contain both singly influential cases and influential multiple case subsets, the capability to assess the joint influence of cases is needed for a complete analysis. The aim of this work is to briefly review Cook’s distance measure for multiple cases, an effective diagnostic for this purpose, and present a method using it to search for influential multiple case subsets. The method is applied in two example analyses by way of a MINITAB Statistical Software macro. 相似文献
164.
Steven D. Brown 《The Sociological review》2005,53(S1):215-227
165.
Steven Kreisberg 《Journal of Labor Research》2004,25(2):223-232
The future of nonpublic safety, non-teacher, non-federal public sector unions is bright. As a result of past success, the
unions, led by AFSCME, have an organizing culture and sufficient power within the sector to maintain and increase density.
However, the challenges that lie ahead in the 21st century will surely test the strength of AFSCME and the other public service
unions. The large gains in public employee membership achieved in the last third of the 20th century are not likely to come
with the relative ease with which they were achieved during that period. The remaining unorganized workers are in locations
and occupations that have not been historically fertile ground for unions, public or private. In addition, the threat of privatization
of jobs requires public unions to re-think their traditional strategies and organize in the more hostile private sector while
simultaneously protecting the public sector from attacks. The public sector unions recognize that they have a tenuous grasp
on their relatively strong position and must organize to maintain and strengthen their position. Absent dramatic changes in
federal private sector labor law, and adoption of numerous public sector labor laws, the resources necessary for organization
will be tremendous. The future is bright for the public sector unions only because they have demonstrated a willingness to
adapt to change, make sacrifices, and deploy sufficient resources to achieve growth.
The views herein are the author’s and do not necessarily represent the views of AFSCME. 相似文献
166.
Using tests of time reversibility, this paper provides further statistical evidence on the long-standing conjecture in economics concerning the potentially asymmetric behaviour of output over the expansionary and contractionary phases of the business cycle. A particular advantage of this approach is that it provides a discriminating test that is instructive as to whether any asymmetries detected are due to asymmetric shocks to a linear model, or an underlying non-linear model with symmetric shocks, and in the latter case is informative as to the potential form of that nonlinear model. Using a long span of international per capita output growth data, the asymmetry detected is overwhelmingly consistent with the long standing perception that the output business cycle is characterized by steeper recessions and longer more gentle expansions, but the evidence for this form of business cycle asymmetry is weaker in the data adjusted for the influence of outliers associated with wars and other extreme events. Statistically significant time irreversibility is reported for the output growth rates of almost all of the countries considered in the full sample data, and there is evidence that this time irreversibility is of a form implying an underlying nonlinear model with symmetrically distributed innovations for 15 of the 22 countries considered. However, the time irreversibility test results for the outlier-trimmed full sample data reveal significant time irreversibility in output growth for around one half of the countries considered, predominantly in Northern Europe and North America, and of a form implying a nonlinear underlying model in only a further half of those cases. 相似文献
167.
Steven F Cohn 《Omega》1980,8(4):441-450
Carter and Williams' study of the organizational and managerial characteristics of technically progressive firms remains one of the most frequently cited studies in this field. In this paper we replicate and extend eight of Carter and Williams' findings in a study of innovation in the United States footwear industry. We replicate Carter and Williams' tests but extend their results by conducting the tests in a more rigorous fashion and calculating the independent relationships of each variable with technical progressiveness. Because of the more rigorous methodology we can specify what aspects of their general concepts are related to technical progressiveness. Our results indicate strong relationships between technical progressiveness and (1) the technical expertise of the managerial staff; and (2) the openness of the formal inter-departmental communications structure. Carter and Williams' findings are supported insofar as their general concepts reflect aspects of these variables. 相似文献
168.
169.
This paper presents an integration of object relations theory and family systems theory in the conceptualization of bulimia. It is based primarily on Winnicott's construct of the maternal "holding environment," and Klein's formulation of ego deficits at the level of part-object relations, as they apply to the family as a whole. We propose that in bulimic families there are transgenerational developmental deficits and adaptations which determine the level and quality of intrapsychic experience within individuals, as well as the interpersonal relationships and dynamic functioning of the larger family system. 相似文献
170.