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201.
We manipulate workers' perceived meaning of a job in a field experiment and interact meaning of work with both financial and recognition incentives. Results show that workers exert more effort when meaning is high. Money has a positive effect on performance that is independent of meaning. In contrast, meaning and recognition interact negatively. Our results provide new insights into the stability of incentive effects across important work contexts. They also suggest that meaning and worker recognition may operate via the same motivational channel. (JEL C93, J33, M12, M52) 相似文献
202.
Susanne Krasmann 《Cultural Studies》2019,33(4):690-710
Post-truth regimes are disconcerting to the extent that they confuse the distinction between true and false and thus obfuscate and obstruct political debate. And they dismantle the secret by imitating its habit: they constantly make claims while leaving us to guess what exactly the true content is – or whether there is any content at all. In an imagined world without secrets, there would be no curiosity or confidentiality, no sincerity or trust, and no political possibility of thinking otherwise. Analysis of the logic of secrecy, the article argues, helps us to revisit the established confidence in our culture in the force of truth, and to confront a challenge post-truth regimes pose: that to establish truth involves affective force. Contrary to the common belief that truth – and secrecy – is something to be revealed, a Foucauldian reading suggests that to mobilize truth requires both truthfulness and a moment of creation. Truth relies on the secret but will always only emerge on the surface. 相似文献
203.
Summary One of the most salient data problems empirical researchers face is the lack of informative responses in survey data. This
contribution briefly surveys the literature on item nonresponse behavior and its determinants before it describes four approaches
to address item nonresponse problems: Casewise deletion of observations, weighting, imputation, and model-based procedures.
We describe the basic approaches, their strengths and weaknesses and illustrate some of their effects using a simulation study.
The paper concludes with some recommendations for the applied researcher.
We are grateful to an anonymous referee who provided helpful comments. Also we like to thank Donald B. Rubin for helpful comments
and always motivating discussions as well as Ralf Münnich for inspiring discussions about raking procedures. 相似文献
204.
Zusammenfassung Personalentwicklungs-und Coachingprozesse müssen und sollten sich nicht auf hergebrachte Lehrer-Lerner-Modelle begrenzen.
In vielf?ltigen Lernkontexten und insbesondere in der Didaktik haben reziprok angelegte Lernpartnerschaften zwischen zwei
Personen auf Zeit lange Tradition. Zentrale Erwartungen richten sich in der Regel einerseits auf die ?konomie entsprechender
Settings, andererseits auf die Nachhaltigkeit und Ganzheitlichkeit einer Unterstützung, die im Medium ?hnlicher Position,
?hnlicher Erfahrung und der Gegenseitigkeit der Supportbeziehung entsteht. Diese Erwartungsbündel gelten als Unterscheidungskriterien
gegenüber expertengestützten Lehrer-Lerner-Modellen.
Im folgenden wird das Konzept einer Lernpartnerschaft auf Gegenseitigkeit im Kontext der Führungskr?fteentwicklung er?rtert.
Nachdem seit einiger Zeit „Tandem“-Ans?tze im Profit-Bereich in ersten Projekten erprobt werden,1 geht es in diesem Beitrag nicht zuletzt um überlegungen, die sich auf die Eignung für den Bereich der Non-Profit-Organisationen
(NPO; vgl. als überblick Badelt, 2002) sozialer Dienstleistungen beziehen, da eine übertragbarkeit angesichts der historischen
und systematischen Spezifika im NPO-Bereich nicht umstandslos gegeben sein muss. Wirkungen werden wesentlich im Referenzrahmen
sozialer Unterstützung thematisiert, der in besonderem Ma?e geeignet scheint, die auf Austauschprozessen beruhenden Effekte
zu begreifen.
Zu den Autoren Ulrich Otto, Dr. rer. soc. habil, Dipl.-P?d., Univ.-Prof. für Sozialmanagement am Institut für Erziehungswissenschaft der
Friedrich-Schiller-Universit?t Jena. Arbeitsschwerpunkte: Netzwerk-und Unterstützungsforschung, Theorie sozialp?dagogischer Hilfe, soziale Dienstleistungen im Welfare-mix
Susanne Vespermann, Dipl.-P?d., Tübingen, freiberufliche Organisationsberaterin und Coach www.tandem-coaching.de 相似文献
205.
206.
Susanne von Below 《Social indicators research》2007,82(2):209-231
As the recent OECD PISA studies have shown, social background plays a greater role for achieving a solid education in Germany
than in most other developed countries; this is especially so for migrant youths. This paper deals with the question, which
level education and qualification migrants in Germany achieve, and how their chances for achieving qualifications and positions
are compared to Germans. First, an overview over results of studies on educational participation, degrees, and social inequality
among migrants is given. Then I show, using data from the 2000 BiB-Integration Survey, that young Turks and Italians have
achieved notably lower levels of education than Germans. Finally, I discuss possible reasons and agencies that might cause
these findings, which then are scrutinised by empirical analyses. It can be found that the marked under-representation with
regard to higher educational and professional degrees of young Italians and Turks is clearly related to the low educational
level of their parents, as well as factors of integration and attitudes. It does become obvious, however, that Turks have
lower chances that cannot be explained by their parents’ qualification or other factors. This is also the case for the second
immigrant generation. 相似文献
207.
208.
209.
Estimation and inference in time-to-event analysis typically focus on hazard functions and their ratios under the Cox proportional hazards model. These hazard functions, while popular in the statistical literature, are not always easily or intuitively communicated in clinical practice, such as in the settings of patient counseling or resource planning. Expressing and comparing quantiles of event times may allow for easier understanding. In this article we focus on residual time, i.e., the remaining time-to-event at an arbitrary time t given that the event has yet to occur by t. In particular, we develop estimation and inference procedures for covariate-specific quantiles of the residual time under the Cox model. Our methods and theory are assessed by simulations, and demonstrated in analysis of two real data sets. 相似文献
210.
The market for private life annuities is characterised by adverse selection; that is, contracts offer lower than fair payoffs
to individuals with low life expectancy. Moreover, longevity and income have been found to be positively correlated. We formulate
an optimum income taxation model that incorporates these facts and discuss the conditions under which a linear tax on annuity
payoffs, which raises more revenues from long-living individuals than from short-living, can serve as an instrument for redistribution.
Further, we consider a nonlinear tax on annuity payoffs, and find that it can be employed to correct the distortion of the
rate of return caused by asymmetric information. 相似文献