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61.
Lucy Webb Nigel Cox Holly Cumbers Susanne Martikke Emma Gedzielewski Maryam Duale 《Journal of youth studies》2017,20(7):889-903
This study explored identity capital and personal resilience among care leavers and young people in care engaging in social activities through volunteering. Care leavers and young people in care are disadvantaged developmentally by lack of identity resources and an accelerated transition to independence. This study analysed material from semi-structured interviews to explore the Identity Capital Model and theories of individualisation, agentic identity development and resilience in explaining the identity resources of young people transitioning out of care. The analysis identified links between the exploration opportunities of volunteering with the development of agentic individualisation and enhanced identity capital. The findings indicate that developmental processes may be enhanced through supported and personalised volunteering opportunities to aid vulnerable young people transitioning out of care. Young people leaving care can make substantial gains particularly in social capital, personal resilience and identity capital. This study indicates that volunteering opportunities for this group of vulnerable young people may assist in compensating for the lack of resources often experienced by care leavers when transitioning to adulthood. 相似文献
62.
Susanne Soederberg 《Globalizations》2017,14(3):343-359
AbstractUniversal access to safe and secure housing has long been a central concern of the international development community. Since 2001, this aspiration has taken the form of global benchmarking embodied in the UN Millennium Development Goal 7–11 and its successor the Sustainable Development Goal 11. Despite these targets, hundreds of millions of households continue to be excluded from this basic human right. How might we understand the politics driving the disjuncture between rhetoric and reality? By historically examining the core policy documents, it is suggested that the self-actualising discourse of neoliberalism—in which the housing goals are framed—work to normalise a reality in which the commodification of basic survival needs and individualised self-help are seen as the only viable alternatives in realising decent shelter for all. Moreover, the construction and reconstruction of neoliberalism over the past 15 years has resulted in the increasingly explicit and central role of corporations in delivering housing justice. 相似文献
63.
Anders Linde Ingela Rådestad Karin Pettersson Linn Hagelberg Susanne Georgsson 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2017,30(5):376-381
Background
Experience of reduced fetal movements is a common reason for consulting health care in late pregnancy. There is an association between reduced fetal movements and stillbirth.Aim
To explore why women decide to consult health care due to reduced fetal movements at a specific point in time and investigate reasons for delaying a consultation.Methods
A questionnaire was distributed at all birth clinics in Stockholm during 2014, to women seeking care due to reduced fetal movements. In total, 3555 questionnaires were collected, 960 were included in this study. The open-ended question; “Why, specifically, do you come to the clinic today?” was analyzed using content analysis as well as the complementary question “Are there any reasons why you did not come to the clinic earlier?”Results
Five categories were revealed: Reaching dead line, Receiving advice from health care professionals, Undergoing unmanageable worry, Contributing external factors and Not wanting to jeopardize the health of the baby. Many women stated that they decided to consult care when some time with reduced fetal movements had passed. The most common reason for not consulting care earlier was that it was a new experience. Some women stated that they did not want to feel that they were annoying, or be perceived as excessively worried. Not wanting to burden health care unnecessarily was a reason for prehospital delay.Conclusion
Worry about the baby is the crucial reason for consulting care as well as the time which has passed since the women first experienced decreased fetal movements. 相似文献64.
Sigrid James Susanne B. Montgomery Laurel K. Leslie Jinjin Zhang 《Children and youth services review》2009,31(9):990-1000
This study uses data from the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being (NSCAW) to provide estimates of sexual risk behaviors for 877 youth, age 11–14 at baseline, in the child welfare system. It examines the association between baseline psychosocial risk and protective factors on engagement in sexual risk behaviors after 36 months. It further compares rates of sexual risk behaviors between youth placed in out-of-home care and those who remained with their biological family. Key findings include a high rate of pregnancy, a high percentage of youth who initiated sexual activity at or before age 13 as well as a limited role of protective factors in moderating sexual risk behaviors. A history of placement into out-of-home care is not significantly associated with greater engagement in sexual risk behaviors. Implications for intervention development and child welfare policy for this population are discussed. 相似文献
65.
66.
A widely used estimate claims that one per thousand individuals is deaf, but few recent studies exist on the actual prevalence. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of deaf people, defined as deaf individuals who use sign language as their main mode of communication, in the county of Scania, Sweden. To achieve high validity, data were collected from a large variety of sources including both public institutions and voluntary associations, working with deaf people. The study demonstrates a prevalence of 0.7 per thousand inhabitants, a figure considerably lower than the traditional estimate. One interpretation of this finding is that the prevalence of deafness is on the decrease. Another interpretation reflects the problem to define deafness. As prevalence figures vary with the definition used, one single estimate valid for the prevalence of deafness is not possible to make. We therefore question the traditional one-per-thousand estimate of deafness. 相似文献
67.
Susanne Karstedt 《Gender Issues》2000,18(3):21-58
The debate on women and crime has been dominated by two paradigms during the last decades: The “power-paradigm” predicted
a steep rise of female crime rates, as a result of the thorough change of gender roles in this period, while the “victim paradigm”
directed attention to rising rates of alcohol and drug addiction as well as mental health problems and suicides among women.
Both paradigms have been linked by the proposition that the low involvement of women in crime was compensated by their higher
rates of all types of passive problem behavior like depression or addiction. In this study, which covers the period from 1965
to 1990, both paradigms are examined by analysing female and male crime rates, as well as respective rates of alcohol and
drug addiction, mental disorders, and suicides for all of Germany (before reunification), an urban metropolitan region and
a rural state in the North of Germany. The results clearly show that both paradigms were wrong in exaggerating a negative
impact of the process of emancipation. Until the early 1980s, female crime rates as well as proportions of other types of
problem behavior only slightly gained compared to men, but since 1985 this trend has levelled off and has been inverted, most
visible for crime rates. In contrast to both paradigms, these results show that women profited enormously in terms of mental
health and other problem behaviors from the opportunities opening up in the process of emancipation. They clearly lend more
support to two more recent theories, the “power-control” theory by Hagan and the “control-balance” theory by Tittle that both
stress potential gains for women.
Susanne Karstedt is an asociologist and criminologist. She is Professor of Criminology at the Department of Criminology of
Keele University, Great Britain. In the field of gender studies she has pbulished on female criminality, problem behavior
of women in social crises (postwar Germany), on the definition of social problems by the women's movement in the 19th century
from a, comparative perspective and on the women's movement from a historical and comparative perspective. 相似文献
68.
69.
Bartosz G. Żerebecki Suzanna J. Opree Joep Hofhuis Susanne Janssen 《Sociology Compass》2021,15(8):e12906
Until recently, western TV programming rarely featured sexual or ethnic minority members; if present, their representation was mostly negative. Increasingly, though, diverse characters start to play likeable protagonists as well. Thus, television can promote negative diversity attitudes and, at other times, positive ones. The present article reviews and connects theories and research from sociology, psychology, and media and communication studies to clarify the role of television in diversity attitudes formation and to identify directions for future research. Specifically, two research questions are addressed. First, through which processes does television influence diversity attitudes? Second, what features of TV shows contribute to positive diversity attitudes formation among viewers, according to different theories of television effects? Findings indicate that television can entrench existing negative diversity attitudes through the echo chamber phenomenon. However, TV content featuring numerous, likeable, attractive, and typical minority characters that have friendly interactions with the rest of society can promote positive diversity attitudes. Future research should study openness to view content with minority characters, examine the effects of the complete video media diets, check media effects in non-western countries, explore media effects in longitudinal studies and investigate what constitutes attractive, likeable, and typical representation of ethnic and sexual minorities. 相似文献
70.
Maria Licata Markus Paulus Claudia Thoermer Susanne Kristen Amanda L. Woodward Beate Sodian 《Social Development》2014,23(2):340-356
The current study investigated the relationship between mother–child interaction quality and infants' ability to interpret actions as goal‐directed at 7 months in a sample of 37 dyads. Interaction quality was assessed in a free play interaction using two distinct methods: one assessed the overall affective quality (emotional availability), and one focused on the mother's proclivity to treat her infant as an intentional agent (mind‐mindedness). Furthermore, infants' ability to interpret human actions as goal‐directed was assessed. Analyses revealed that only maternal emotional availability, and not maternal mind‐mindedness, was related to infants' goal‐encoding ability. This link remained stable even when controlling for child temperament, working memory, and maternal education. These findings provide first evidence that emotionally available caregiving promotes social‐cognitive development in preverbal infants. 相似文献