High school graduation rates among children of same-sex households

Almost all studies of same-sex parenting have concluded there is “no difference” in a range of outcome measures for children who live in a household with same-sex parents compared to children living with married opposite-sex parents. Recently, some work based on the US census has suggested otherwise, but those studies have considerable drawbacks. Here, a 20 % sample of the 2006 Canada census is used to identify self-reported children living with same-sex parents, and to examine the association of household type with children’s high school graduation rates. This large random sample allows for control of parental marital status, distinguishes between gay and lesbian families, and is large enough to evaluate differences in gender between parents and children. Children living with gay and lesbian families in 2006 were about 65 % as likely to graduate compared to children living in opposite sex marriage families. Daughters of same-sex parents do considerably worse than sons.     

Asymptotic non-null distribution of a test of equality of exponential populations

In this paper further asymptotic expansions of the non-null distribution of the likelihood ratio criterion for testing the equality of several one parameter exponential distributions are obtained when the alternatives are close to the hypothesis. These expansions are obtained for the first time in terms of beta distributions.     

A powerful test for uniformity to detect highly peaked alternativedensities

A new class of statistical tests for uniformity based on sample ranges is proposed to detect a uniform density contaminated by a density with one or more high peaks. These kinds of alternatives occur quite frequently, especially in physics. It is shown that the proposed tests arc consistent and have high Pitman asymptotic relative efficiencies. Results of a Monte Carlo power study indicate that they, compared with other tests of uniformity, possess good power properties.A comparative study of various tests is also conducted using real data. An effcient algorithm for computing out test statistic and a table of percentage points are given, providing a practical guide for using the new test.     

Inferences on regression coefficients in a regression model under heteroscedasticity and robustness with respect to departure from normality

In this paper we consider a simple linear regression model under heteroscedasticity and nonnormality. A statistical test for testing the regression coefficient is then derived by assuming normality for the random disturbances and by applying Welch's method. Some Monte Carlo studies are generated for assessing robustness of this test. By combining Tiku's robust procedure with the new test, a robust but more powerful test is developed.     

Comparing MCDA Aggregation Methods in Constructing Composite Indicators Using the Shannon-Spearman Measure

Composite indicators have been increasingly recognized as a useful tool for performance monitoring, benchmarking comparisons and public communication in a wide range of fields. The usefulness of a composite indicator depends heavily on the underlying data aggregation scheme where multiple criteria decision analysis (MCDA) is commonly used. A problem in this application is the determination of an appropriate MCDA aggregation method. Of the many criteria for comparing MCDA methods, the Shannon-Spearman measure (SSM) is one that compares alternative MCDA aggregation methods in constructing composite indicators based on the information loss concept. This paper assesses the effectiveness of the SSM using Monte Carlo approach-based uncertain analysis and variance-based sensitivity analysis techniques. It is found that most of the variation in the SSM arises from the uncertainty in choosing an aggregation method. Therefore, the SSM can be considered as an effective measure for comparing MCDA aggregation methods in constructing composite indicators. We also use the SSM to evaluate five MCDA aggregation methods in constructing composite indicators and present the findings.     

李渔词本体论再议

李渔对于词本体论具有理论自觉意识,然而对其词学本体论进行深入分析之后,发现他理论上虽然着力于词曲之间的辨析,但并不属于纯粹的本体论,其间融入词曲交融、文体通观之倾向。其词的创作亦更多融入"歌"因素,是以理论家的理性试图分清词与诗、曲的界限,却又以曲家的本色写出了大似曲的词篇。李渔词从理论到创作皆属由"明词曲化"到"清词复雅"的过渡样态。     

新兴产业的战略性体现、相关问题及对策

新兴产业一直是各国产业发展的重点目标和主要方向,在国际竞争中承担重要作用.后金融危机时代,美国大力发展新兴产业的做法给世界各国很大的影响和启示,也拉开了全球新一轮竞争的序幕.我国以国际视野和战略思维选择新兴产业,对于培育新的经济增长点,发展低碳经济和超常规、跨越式发展等都具有重要的战略意义.从这个角度讲,新兴产业在我国往往又被称为战略性新兴产业.东北三省也同全国一样,借助国家有利的宏观政策,将新兴产业发展置于战略发展之中.但还应该看到,把新兴产业真正培养成战略性主导产业,在市场、成本、技术、保障等方面还存在诸多障碍,并需要多方采取办法和措施加以推进.     

正确认识公共利益问题在当代的重大意义

公共利益问题是当今中国的一个热点问题,在实践中的国有资产流失、环境污染、垄断行为及土地征用和房屋拆迁等问题都和公共利益密切相关。在理论上,公共利益问题是法学、公共管理学、政治哲学探讨的理论难点问题。本文认为,正确认识当代中国公共利益问题是调控市场经济健康发展的需要,是制定方针政策必须依据的坐标,是保障社会公平不可或缺的根基。     

Social Sources of Community Solidarity in U.S. Congregations

Community solidarity, or a collective sense of belonging, plays a vital role in the health and survival of many organizations. Consequently, identifying the elements that contribute to a strong sense of solidarity within communities has long been a topic of inquiry for scholars. In this study, we draw upon prior theorizing to develop and test four hypotheses regarding the organizational characteristics associated with community solidarity in religious congregations. Multivariate models are estimated using national data on religious congregations from the 2001 U.S. Congregational Life Survey (n?=?357). Organizations with greater community solidarity tend to feature higher levels of social capital (operationalized with measures of friendship networks and participation in organizational activities), higher levels of official membership within the organization, and inspiring congregational leadership. Higher levels of commitment are associated with greater community solidarity, but the effect is wholly mediated by social capital. Congregations that engender higher levels of community solidarity share certain organizational features, including higher levels of social capital, higher rates of membership, and inspiring leaders.     

从新历史主义看新批评派对西方文论的影响

新批评派的理论观念与实践范式对于其后相继出现的诸种西方文论形成了持久的冲击与深远的影响.值得注意的是,新批评派与新历史主义文论在文学本质、文本观念与批评策略等层面呈现出沟通与互动等复杂的学术联系.首先,就文学本质观而言,两派对于文学与历史、社会以及文化的关系等问题的把握体现出各种契合与差异之处.其次,基于文本观念来看,两派在对于文本概念之内涵的理解、对于文本功能的定位等方面表现出诸多相似与不同.再者,从批评观念来说,两派在文学批评的专业化与理论化、批评实践中主体的参与程度与策略选择等方面具有诸种关联性.总之,新历史主义的文学观念与批评实践在多重层面体现出对于新批评派的承继与超越.