工程全寿命期设计流程和准则研究

本文从工程全寿命期的概念出发,构建了工程全寿命期设计的流程;以国家的治国理念作为工程建设的总体指导思想,引导出了工程全寿命期设计的准则,包括可靠性和安全性、可施工性、可维护性、可扩展性、人性化、环境友好型、防灾和突发事件处理、全寿命期费用优化等。本文还以集成化管理思想为原则,构建了工程全寿命期设计的系统集成过程。     

A life table for a West Indian slave population

This note comments briefly on the system of slave registration set up in the British colonies, and deals in particular with the data tabulated for the British Guiana slave population in the Parliamentary Papers, 1833. From the age distributions given there a life table has been constructed by a census differencing method. This life table shows the extremely high mortality then being experienced by slave populations in the West Indies.     

Analysis of all-zero binomial outcomes with borderline and equilibrium priors

This article is concerned with the analysis of a random sample from a binomial distribution when all the outcomes are zero (or unity). We discuss how elicitation of the prior can be reduced to asking the expert whether (and which of) the so-called borderline or equilibrium priors are plausible.     

Forest Conservation,Value Conflict,and Interest Formation in a Honduran National Park*

Abstract We argue that attempts to superimpose park regulatory regimes on existing land uses in the tropics represent conflicts between alternative cultural models of natural resource management. The results of such conflicts are unique regulatory regimes emerging from distinctive processes that redefine the terms and limits of natural resource use. In creating a scarcity of available resources, parks encourage social differentiation and greater awareness of societal patterns of inequality, establishing a potential for the articulation of demands for social and environmental equity. We evaluate these claims with a case study of the Cerro Azul Meambar National Park in Honduras. We base our analysis on 54 indepth interviews of Park residents in five Park communities.     

One or Two Session Psychotherapy with University Students

Abstract

One or two session psychotherapy has a long history, and well-known practitioners have made use of it. Favorable results have been reasonably well documented. Often it has been done out of necessity, less frequently because all were satisfied that it sufficed. Problems that lend themselves to one or two sessions are: psychological work which has already been done but for which affirmation is sought, requests for diagnostic evaluation, and less often but more challenging, intrapsychic conflict requiring uncovering work. Patient characteristics and therapist attitudes are discussed. For one or two sessions of treatment to occur the therapist must be alert to the possibility, must assess quickly when a case is in hand, set the process in motion, and determine a satisfactory stopping point. It is suggested that the college population lends itself especially well to one or two sessions of psychotherapy, not only from the standpoint of the limited resources of many student health services but also for the ego strengthening potential it provides.     

Comment on ‘Facts and Artifacts in the Study of Intra-Uterine Mortality: A Reconsideration from Pregnancy Histories’ by Henri Léridon1

Extract

I have suggested that at a given birth order the probability of having a further pregnancy is greater when the last pregnancy had been spontaneously aborted than when it resulted in a birth.² Léridon,³in the course of a valuable paper on foetal wastage, presents data which, according to him, impugn my suggestion. I would like to question his claim.     

Graphical methods for comparing confounding in two or more designs

In many circumstances it is necessary to design an experiment with partial confounding of parameter estimates. In this situation, one would like to have tools to assess and compare candidate designs graphically. In this paper we discuss two graphical representations of design properties, and illustrate their application with two examples.