先秦法家对《周礼》的继承发展——兼论连坐法和法家"以吏为师,以法为教"文化专制的形成

连坐法是先秦法家严刑重刑的标志,"以吏为师,以法为教"是其文化专制的标志,它们的形成与《周礼》关系密切.《周礼》的乡遂制度为连坐法的形成提供了模式,而担负着国家政令传播职责的吏师制度则是法家"以吏为师,以法为教"文化专制的蓝本.     

OPTIMIZING UNIVERSITY ADMISSIONS PLANNING

The crucial issues in the administration of higher education embody the very purpose, function, and concept of each institution. The institution's administrative policies are based on the combined philosophy of many conflicting interest groups such as taxpayers, donors, administrators, faculty, students, staff, and users of university services. A function performed by the university which is receiving increasing attention and outside pressure is the formulation of admissions policy for newly entering students. This paper investigates problems involved in the admissions planning and presents a goal programming model as an optimization tool for the problem.     

AN EMPIRICAL EXAMINATION OF SOCIAL POWER IN TERMS OF DECISION THEORY1

The paper presents an extension of decision theory to the analysis of social power. The power of a person, A, over another person, B, is viewed in terms of the effect A has on B's decision. The analysis is based on the idea that B's decision regarding the performance of alternative behaviors is a function of 1) B's utility for the consequences of the behaviors and 2) B's subjective probabilities that the behaviors will lead to these consequences. In these terms, A's power over B lies in A's ability to mediate various consequences for B, contingent upon B's compliance or noncompliance. Subjects were asked to consider eight situations in which hypothetical individuals had to make a choice between two courses of action. In each situation another person (A) was attempting to induce the hypothetical individual (B) to choose one of the alternatives, while various situational factors were influencing B to choose the other alternative. The subjects were asked to consider B's utilities and subjective probabilities in each situation and to indicate whether or not B should comply with A and to make ratings of A's power. The decision theory analysis did well in predicting whether or not subjects would indicate that B should comply with A. Also, subjects generally were able to correctly specify whether A or the situational factors had more influence over B's decision. Finally, the subjects' ratings of A's power in the eight situations were highly related to the decision theoretic measure of power.     

我国电子化政府建设面临问题及对策

"电子化政府"的建设能够提高政府的决策理性和公共政策的品质,提高社会参与性和政府效率,对于服务型政府的建设具有重要的意义。     

美国次贷危机对我国的启示

美国次贷危机是近年来国际经济金融领域最受关注的事件之一。对于正处于经济繁盛期的我国来说,这一场危机为中国敲响了居安思危的警钟。通过分析美国次贷危机的产生过程和原因,可以从中找出有益于我国的启示。     

Effects of Hourly,Low-Incentive,and High-Incentive Pay on Simulated Work Productivity: Initial Findings With a New Laboratory Method

The failures of previous studies to demonstrate productivity differences across different percentages of incentive pay may be partially due to insufficient simulation fidelity. The present study compared the effects of different percentages of incentive pay using a more advanced simulation method. Three payment methods were tested: hourly, low-incentive, and high-incentive (0%, 10%, and 100%) pay. Four participants performed a simulated work task for 30 6-hr sessions. Productivity under the 100% incentive condition was consistently higher than under the 10% condition for all participants. Productivity under the 10% condition was higher than under the 0% condition for two participants. Results suggest that different percentages of incentive pay may in fact produce productivity differences under more realistic simulated work conditions.     

创新活动空间集聚及其驱动因素国外研究进展评述

对国外有关创新活动空间集聚的研究文献进行梳理,分析了现有研究取得的成就和存在的问题,对未来研究的几个待突破的方面进行了展望。     

Median treatment effect in randomized trials

For two response variables y _t and y _c corresponding to two treatments for two policies) T and C , we wish to learn about quantiles of y _t− y _c from the marginal quantiles of y _t and y _c; only one of y _t and y _c is observed for an individual. We find that, in general, this is difficult for quantiles other than the median unless strong assumptions are imposed on how y _t is related to y _c. For the median, we present conditions under which the sign of the median treatment effect is identified.     

Importance of interpolation when constructing double-bootstrap confidence intervals

We show that, in the context of double-bootstrap confidence intervals, linear interpolation at the second level of the double bootstrap can reduce the simulation error component of coverage error by an order of magnitude. Intervals that are indistinguishable in terms of coverage error with theoretical, infinite simulation, double-bootstrap confidence intervals may be obtained at substantially less computational expense than by using the standard Monte Carlo approximation method. The intervals retain the simplicity of uniform bootstrap sampling and require no special analysis or computational techniques. Interpolation at the first level of the double bootstrap is shown to have a relatively minor effect on the simulation error.     

Bayesian analysis of a general growth curve model with predictions using power transformations and AR(1) autoregressive dependence

In this paper, we consider a Bayesian analysis of the unbalanced (general) growth curve model with AR(1) autoregressive dependence, while applying the Box-Cox power transformations. We propose exact, simple and Markov chain Monte Carlo approximate parameter estimation and prediction of future values. Numerical results are illustrated with real and simulated data.