湘西南汉语方言精知庄章组声母今读及演变

本文描写并归纳了湘西南汉语方言精知庄章组声母今读的类型、特点,并探讨了各种类型所代表的历史层次以及它们的演变过程、发展趋势。     

环境侵权损害赔偿制度的完善——从环境责任社会化的角度

近几年频频发生的环境污染事件不仅给我国的生态环境造成严重破坏,由此引发的赔偿数额也越来越大,在污染企业背负沉重负担的同时,受害人却往往得不到相应的赔偿。文章针对这一问题,分析了现有环境侵权损害赔偿制度的不足,提出建立环境责任保险与环境损害补偿基金制度是完善环境侵权责任制度的有效途径,但两者的作用不尽相同。     

贵州民族地区农村剩余劳动力转移之思考

农村剩余劳动力转移是建设新农村的必然要求和结果,我国新农村建设的进程,就是农业人口逐步向非农业转移的过程。协调农村经济发展是解决民族地区农村剩余劳动力的一项重大决策创新。加入WTO后,我省民族地区农村剩余劳动力转移的形势更加严峻。因此,我们必须在城乡协调发展的思路下,坚持农村城市化、农村工业化、农业产业化、农民知识化、农民转移组织化等“五化”联动,促进民族地区农村剩余劳动力转移,为建设新农村起推动作用。     

Cultural differences in an interorganizational network: Shared public relations firms among Japanese and American companies

This article investigates the impact of national culture on interorganizational relationships among the organizations. Thirty-five companies which have stock offerings in U.S (17 Japanese and 18 American) were matched by their business types. The interorganizational network was defined as the number of shared public relations firms among the companies.A network analysis revealed that the network of shared public relations firms was loosely connected and American companies were more central. The companies were generally clustered into two groups, one composed of the Japanese companies and another of the American companies. However, the results also showed that some companies that had the same business type were more tightly clustered than others within the group. These results indicated that the network structure of shared public relations firms was influenced by the differences in national cultures as well as the companies' business types.     

Structured Voluntary Youth Activities and Positive Outcomes in Adulthood: An Exploratory Study of Involvement in Scouting and Subjective Well-Being

This study explores whether youth involvement in Scouting has positive consequences later in life. We examine whether the number of years of participation in Scouting is positively associated with human and social capital and recreational lifestyles in adulthood, and whether these are linked to subjective well-being: relational, emotional, and physical health. To explore this potential relationship, we estimated a structural equation model, analyzing data from a national sample of adult males. We found that youth involvement in Scouting is positively related to subjective well-being indirectly via the positive adult outcomes.     

抗战时期中国形象的建构：基于国际友人视角

抗战时期,美国作家温台尔·威尔基在所撰写的《天下一家》一书中,通过自己在中国的现场体验和对中国政治、经济及民众抗战的切身感受,在美国人民面前呈现出新的中国形象。这种新形象的建立,为美国对华援助起到了极大的推动作用。     

Correlates of perceived effectiveness of the Safe Schools/Healthy Students Initiative

A three-level growth-curve model was applied to estimate perceived impact growth trajectories, using multi-year data from project and school surveys on outcome and program implementation collected from 59 sites and approximately 1165 participating schools in the Safe Schools and Healthy Students Initiative. Primary interest is to determine whether and how project-level and school-level correlates affect schools’ perceptions of the Initiative's effectiveness over time when the effects of the pre-grant environmental conditions, grant operations, and near-term outcomes are considered. Coordination and service integration, comprehensive programs and activities for early childhood development, and change in school involvement were found to be significant predictors of school-perceived overall impact when the effect of poverty was considered. Partnership functioning, perceived importance of school resources, and school involvement were found to be significant predictors of school-perceived impact on substance use prevention when the effect of poverty was considered.     

Family Roles as Moderators of the Relationship Between Schedule Flexibility and Stress

Employer initiatives that address the spillover of work strain onto family life include flexible work schedules. This study explored the mediating role of negative work–family spillover in the relationship between schedule flexibility and employee stress and the moderating roles of gender, family workload, and single‐parent status. Data were drawn from the 2008 National Study of the Changing Workforce, a nationally representative sample of working adults (N = 2,769). The results indicated that schedule flexibility was associated with less employee stress and that these associations were mediated by perceptions of negative work–family spillover. This study found the moderating relationships of gender, family workload, and single parenting in the relationships between schedule flexibility and negative work–family spillover and stress. Schedule flexibility had stronger relationships in reducing negative work–family spillover and stress among women, single parents, and employees with heavier family workloads. The findings provide empirical support for intervention efforts involving schedule flexibility to reduce workplace stress among employees with family responsibilities.     

社交网络中用户关注类型与发帖类型对发帖行为的影响

  用户在线分享成为人们进行线上交流的主要方式之一,在社交平台上,人们可以选择关注自己感兴趣的用户,这些用户可以是明星,也可以是普通人群。人们在社交平台的发帖行为可以分为发原创帖和转发别人的帖子两种,发帖的数量和质量直接与平台的收入挂钩,因此如何鼓励人们在社交平台上发帖成为研究人员关心的问题。         着眼于用户关注类型(意见领袖和非意见领袖)和发帖类型(原创帖和转发帖)对自身发帖行为的影响,采用从新浪微博获取的相关数据,从实证角度分析用户关注类型和发帖类型对自身发帖行为的影响,并运用工具变量的方法解决相关内生性问题。         研究结果表明,意见领袖的发帖数(无论是转发帖还是原创帖)对自身发帖行为具有正向影响,非意见领袖的原创帖数对用户的发帖行为有正向影响,转发帖数对用户的发帖行为有负向影响。这是因为意见领袖很少与用户进行互动,做为信息的传递和扩散者,意见领袖的存在为用户提供了良好的发帖素材和来源,对用户的发帖行为产生纯粹的外生影响。然而非意见领袖的转发帖很大程度上会挤压粉丝用于发帖的时间,从而抑制粉丝的发帖行为。         研究结果可以帮助研究人员更好地理解意见领袖和非意见领袖在社交平台的作用,洞悉用户发帖背后的动机。对于平台企业来说,营销人员可以根据用户关注的类型进行差异化的营销策略,从而提升平台的活跃度。建议平台企业的营销方案要因人而异,多采取个性化营销。