西方文论中国化的若干策略问题

西方文论的引入为中国当代文论的变革与创新提供了强大的理论支撑,同时也造成了事实上的挤压效应."西方文论中国化"命题的提出,是对此作出的理论回应.作为具体的融合策略,"无能为力说"、"中体西用说"以及"话语改造说",尚存在不完备之处.文章以叙事学的中国接受为具体视角,认为"西方文论的中国化"可以通过立足通约性、注重实效性,立足普泛性、侧重民族性,以及立足主体性、保持开放性的融合策略来加以解决.     

Semiparametric shape-invariant models for periodic data

This article presents a novel shape-invariant modeling approach to quasi-periodic data. We propose a dynamic semiparametric method that estimates the common cycle shape in a nonparametric way and the individual phase and amplitude variability in a parametric way. An efficient algorithm to compute the estimators is proposed. The behavior of the estimators is studied by simulation and by a real-data example.     

More on the distribution of the sum of uniform random variables

The paper provides a simplified derivation of the density of the sum of independent non-identically distributed uniform random variables via an inverse Fourier transform. We also provide examples illustrating the quality of the Normal approximation and corresponding MATHEMATICA code.     

略论《钦定西藏章程》及其历史意义

清乾隆五十八(1793)年,清军击败了入侵后藏地区的廓尔喀军以后,统军主帅福康安根据乾隆授意会同达赖、班禅等制定了<钦定西藏章程>.该章程的实施对清代西藏社会的稳定和发展起过重要的作用.本文试通过分析该章程的制定过程和主要内容,对其历史意义略作论述.     

Psychological Symptoms of Sexually Victimized Children and Adolescents Compared With Other Maltreatment Subtypes

The differential effects of sexual victimization and other forms of maltreatment on psychological functioning are not well understood. A sample of sexually victimized children and adolescents (N = 70; 6.3–17.9 years) and a group of youth with a history of nonsexual maltreatment (N = 108; 6.7–16.9 years) were compared using measures of mental health and psychosocial functioning. Assessments included standardized clinical interviews on individual maltreatment history and current psychopathology as well as questionnaires on behavioral and emotional symptoms, including posttraumatic stress symptoms. The results from this study suggest that the risk of experiencing any current mental disorders was independent of type of maltreatment. The risk of meeting the criteria for a current diagnosis of major depression, however, is greater among youth with a history of maltreatment that includes sexual victimization. The significant impact of sexual victimization on posttraumatic stress symptoms was found to be nonsignificant after controlling for age and gender effects. The results indicate that the outcomes of child maltreatment depend on type of maltreatment, but age and gender must be taken into account.     

A teacher and his students: child Holocaust testimonies from early postwar Polish Bytom

ABSTRACT

The document presented here was created in 1945 in Bytom, Poland. It contains testimonies by Holocaust survivor children collected and put down in a notebook by their survivor teacher, Shlomo Tsam, in the immediate aftermath of the Holocaust. The testimonies shed light on Jewish children's experience in Eastern Europe during the Holocaust, describing oppression, flight, and survival in the words of the weakest segment of Jewish communities – children. The testimonies provide raw data on the encounters between Jews and non-Jews in the territories in which the “Final Solution” was carried out. It is thus an important source contributing to the burgeoning research on the involvement of local populations in the murder of the Jews, on one hand, and in saving Jews, on the other. The creation of this document, one of several collections of Jewish survivor children's testimonies produced in the immediate postwar years, is also indicative of post-Holocaust Jewish sensibilities and concerns regarding surviving children.     

Kontexteffekte von Wohngebieten

The article reviews findings on neighbourhood effects. First, methodological problems, such as the choice of spatial units, selection bias and social mechanisms are discussed. To overcome the problem of varying lists of neighbourhood effects, I suggest a methodological distinction between characteristics of the neighbourhood and social mechanisms. In the following section, these typologies are applied to analyse findings from empirical studies on topics such as the impact of the physical environment, perceived social capital and income. The complex relationship between neighbourhood characteristics and individual outcomes is then examined using studies on the impact on physical and mental health.Several research problems, such as the impact of different contexts on individuals of the same status are outlined in the following section. In the final chapter major findings are resumed and suggestions for further research are made.     

Grenzen der Meritokratie oder warum Quotenregulierungen sinnvoll sind

Economic theory has shown that economic discrimination can not persist for longer periods due to the intervention of market mechanisms. In contrast to this view, this article will demonstrate by using a theoretical model that in typical selection situations the practice of admitting persons to educational institutions while strongly discriminating against a particular group of applicants does not affect important success indicators of those educational institutions. As this observation also holds true under very general circumstances with respect to test reliabilities and distributional assumptions, it therefore can be used as a theoretical basis for many empirical investigations of persisting discrimination in non-economic spheres and for a general critique of meritocratic selection procedures.     

How Dare to Demand This from Volunteers! The Impact of Illegitimate Tasks

The present study examined the effect of illegitimate tasks (Semmer et al. Appl Psychol Int Rev 59:70–96, 2010) within the volunteer context. A total of 191 Red Cross volunteers were surveyed to reveal the impact of unreasonable and unnecessary tasks on the volunteers’ work engagement and intent to remain at the non-profit organization (NPO). To shed light on the process through which illegitimate tasks affect outcomes, the mediating role of self-determined motivation was explored. Furthermore, the volunteers’ role orientation was assumed to moderate the relationship between illegitimate tasks and outcomes. The results showed that unreasonable tasks directly decreased the volunteers’ intent to remain. Unnecessary tasks, in contrast, had a more subtle effect in that they reduced the self-determined motivation of volunteers. Also, evidence was found for the moderating influence of the volunteers’ role orientation: Whereas unreasonable tasks were equally harmful for both groups, unnecessary tasks more strongly affected those volunteers who expressed more organizational ownership.