信息化视域下高职医学生手机-社交媒体依赖与影响的研究

目的以我校学生为例,调查分析高职学生手机-社交媒体使用现状、依赖及对个体的影响.方法采用整群随机抽样和现场访谈与问卷的方式进行调查.研究工具包括大学生手机-社交媒体依赖的调查问卷、手机-社交媒体依赖访谈自评问卷.结果受访高职医学生每天累计使用手机一半的时间花费在社交媒体App和娱乐上,100％使用微信、QQ,在睡前、醒...     

以创新求超越——华晨汽车十一五发展纪实

2010年11月21日,中国企业创新论坛2010年年会在北京人民大会堂圆满落下帷幕。鲜花和掌声把人民大会堂装点得热闹非凡,华晨汽车集团成为会议上的明星:华晨汽车集团荣获2010年度中国最具创新力企业,董事长祁玉民凭借在企业创新和发展中的突出贡献,荣获2010中国企业创新十大年度人物称号。2010年末,华晨汽车又传来令人振奋的一系列喜讯:产销指标再创新高十一五期间,集团整车、发动机年销量从2005年的12.26万辆、18.25万台提升到2010年的50.1万辆、56.4万台,分别增长了308%、209%;五年间,实现整车销售165万辆,销售收入2305.8亿元人民币、税金总额264.4亿元人民币,分别是十一五     

小组工作对学龄初期儿童的介入初探——以湖北省荆州市实验小学XX班为个案

学龄初期是指儿童从六七岁到十一、二岁这一时期,这时儿童进入学校,开始以学习为主导的活动。它是儿童心理发展的一个重要时期。作为社会工作专业方法之一的小组工作能帮助学龄初期儿童树立团结互助与分享意识,培养他们团结合作的精神,提高他们独立自主的能力。笔者从小组工作专业视角出发,以湖北省荆州市实验小学XX班作为个案,描述并分析了学龄初期儿童的特征,阐述了小组工作方法对学龄初期儿童介入的可行性,探讨了小组工作方法的介入、评估及个人反思。     

基于产业链视角的物联网产业发展策略研究

物联网(IOT)作为新一代的信息技术,被认为是继计算机和互联网之后世界信息产业发展的第三次浪潮,是未来推动世界经济增长的重点新兴产业之一。为了全面、系统地认识物联网产业,更好地指导和推动物联网产业实践的发展,有必要以产业的视角,对物联网产业链的基本结构、影响产业链发展的关键环节进行深入研究,寻找物联网产业发展的关键点。通过对物联网体系结构的分析,发现我国物联网产业链主要由传感器/芯片制造商、软件提供商、物联网平台提供商、系统集成商、应用服务提供商、网络服务提供商、运营服务提供商和用户等环节构成,进一步运用模糊德尔菲法,得出用户和传感器/芯片制造商是我国物联网产业发展的关键环节,并据此提出了相关政策建议。     

市场竞争下企业股权融资的供应链模型分析

股权融资是企业在市场竞争中抢占市场份额、实现跨越式发展的重要融资途径,企业融资决策的制定必须考虑产品市场上企业间的竞争行为.构建了双寡头零售商的股权融资模型,探讨零售商采取股权融资进行市场开拓时,市场竞争对其股权融资决策的作用机理.核心的发现是:零售商的股权融资应考虑不同成长性下市场竞争的直接和间接影响,市场竞争抑制(促进)了低成长性(高成长性)零售商的股权融资.供应商参与博弈后,零售商的融资策略取决于不同初始市场规模和成长性下的市场竞争与市场开拓之间的权衡.     

中国沪深股市的开盘效应与收盘效应

股票市场的日历效应历来受到学者和投资者的广泛关注,研究发现股市存在节日效应、月份效应与周内效应,但是针对日内效应的研究不多见.利用沪深股指2004年~2016年的高频数据,实证检验中国沪深股市是否存在日内效应,结果表明:中国沪深股市整体上存在开盘效应与收盘效应,但在牛市、熊市期间的表现形式存在差异,股指收益在牛市期间表现出正向开盘效应,在熊市期间表现出负向开盘效应,股指波动在熊市期间的开盘效应更为明显.基于滚动窗口法的进一步研究发现:股指收益开盘效应和收盘效应的变化领先于股指走势的变化,股指收益和波动的开盘效应或收盘效应存在一定程度的替代现象.研究有助于投资者合理地制定投资策略,对监管部门维护市场秩序具有一定的参考价值.     

Tough Love and Creativity: How Authoritarian Leadership Tempered by Benevolence or Morality Influences Employee Creativity

Influenced by Amabile's views on the intrinsic nature of creative motivation (T. M. Amabile (1988). A model of creativity and innovation in organizations’. In B. M. Staw and L. L. Cummings (eds), Research in Organizational Behavior, Vol. 10, pp. 123–167. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press), researchers have focused primarily on supportive leadership, with authoritarian leadership known to negatively influence employee creativity. Arguing from social information processing theory, the authors show that low levels of authoritarian leadership act as a stressor encouraging creativity, while high levels discourage creativity. Authoritarian leadership is one component of a larger constellation of leader behaviours known as paternalistic leadership. Under paternalistic leadership, authoritarian leadership is combined with benevolence and morality and these interact with authoritarianism. The authors argue that the presence of benevolence and moral leadership causes subordinates to view the leader's authoritarian actions as serving a positive purpose, and show that both benevolence and moral leadership act to offset the negative effects of authoritarian leadership on creativity.     

基于历史法和零和DEA方法的用能权与碳排放权初始分配研究

本文引入了同时考虑用能权与碳排放权初始分配的零和DEA方法,从公平与效率视角对比分析了历史法与零和DEA方法两种分配方式的适用性,并应用市场交易模型检验了不同初始分配方式对各地区交易行为的影响。研究结果表明,零和DEA方法能够提高用能权与碳排放权初始分配的公平性,但却是以牺牲前沿技术效率水平为代价。其次,完善的市场机制能够提高基于零和DEA方法调配用能权与碳排放权的配置效率,生产技术水平较高的地区可以通过出售多余的用能权和碳排放权来获得额外收益,有利于促进绿色技术创新;相反,历史法容易导致高耗能、高排放的地区在初始分配中获得较多的用能权和碳排放权,不利于正向促进技术进步。最后,当市场机制不完善时,基于零和DEA方法配置用能权和碳排放权,可能会抑制技术进步,而基于历史法的初始分配方式则至少可以在短期内维持现有生产技术水平。     

Human Factors Analysis for Maritime Accidents Based on a Dynamic Fuzzy Bayesian Network

Human factors are widely regarded to be highly contributing factors to maritime accident prevention system failures. The conventional methods for human factor assessment, especially quantitative techniques, such as fault trees and bow-ties, are static and cannot deal with models with uncertainty, which limits their application to human factors risk analysis. To alleviate these drawbacks, in the present study, a new human factor analysis framework called multidimensional analysis model of accident causes (MAMAC) is introduced. MAMAC combines the human factors analysis and classification system and business process management. In addition, intuitionistic fuzzy set theory and Bayesian Network are integrated into MAMAC to form a comprehensive dynamic human factors analysis model characterized by flexibility and uncertainty handling. The proposed model is tested on maritime accident scenarios from a sand carrier accident database in China to investigate the human factors involved, and the top 10 most highly contributing primary events associated with the human factors leading to sand carrier accidents are identified. According to the results of this study, direct human factors, classified as unsafe acts, are not a focus for maritime investigators and scholars. Meanwhile, unsafe preconditions and unsafe supervision are listed as the top two considerations for human factors analysis, especially for supervision failures of shipping companies and ship owners. Moreover, potential safety countermeasures for the most highly contributing human factors are proposed in this article. Finally, an application of the proposed model verifies its advantages in calculating the failure probability of accidents induced by human factors.     

Toward General Principles for Resilience Engineering

Maintaining the performance of infrastructure-dependent systems in the face of surprises and unknowable risks is a grand challenge. Addressing this issue requires a better understanding of enabling conditions or principles that promote system resilience in a universal way. In this study, a set of such principles is interpreted as a group of interrelated conditions or organizational qualities that, taken together, engender system resilience. The field of resilience engineering identifies basic system or organizational qualities (e.g., abilities for learning) that are associated with enhanced general resilience and has packaged them into a set of principles that should be fostered. However, supporting conditions that give rise to such first-order system qualities remain elusive in the field. An integrative understanding of how such conditions co-occur and fit together to bring about resilience, therefore, has been less clear. This article contributes to addressing this gap by identifying a potentially more comprehensive set of principles for building general resilience in infrastructure-dependent systems. In approaching this aim, we organize scattered notions from across the literature. To reflect the partly self-organizing nature of infrastructure-dependent systems, we compare and synthesize two lines of research on resilience: resilience engineering and social-ecological system resilience. Although some of the principles discussed within the two fields overlap, there are some nuanced differences. By comparing and synthesizing the knowledge developed in them, we recommend an updated set of resilience-enhancing principles for infrastructure-dependent systems. In addition to proposing an expanded list of principles, we illustrate how these principles can co-occur and their interdependencies.