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101.
文章本着探索中国老人和美国老人对使用以咨询为基础的服务的不同态度的目的,以150位中国老人和145位美国老人为样本,采用"害怕亲近量表"调查了中美老年人对专业帮助服务态度的现状,比较了中美老年人对专业帮助服务所持态度的不同特点。结果发现:相较美国老人,中国老人对专业帮助的态度更不积极;不同的因素影响着中国老人和美国老人对帮助服务的信心。  相似文献   
102.
Permanent relocation of a dependent older adult to a long-term care facility can occur for a number of reasons, including the need for postacute care or a higher level of care than can be provided in a less-restrictive environment, and/or the inability of family members or others to care for the individual in a noninstitutional setting. Outcomes of institutional placement may be either negative, such as the older adult experiencing relocation stress syndrome, or positive, such as improved management of chronic illnesses and reversal of functional decline. This article offers a review of the factors that predict when and where older adults will relocate for institutional long-term care, an overview of individual transitions to institutional care, and suggestions for seamless transitions during the preinstitutionalization, transitional, and postinstitutionalization phases of relocation, which are guided by a transactionist approach to stress and coping.  相似文献   
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104.
Halbwachs and Durkheim: a test of two theories of suicide   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
The social integration hypothesis forms the basis of this study. It was first asserted by Durkheim in late nineteenth-century France and many of his assumptions are based on a social disorganizational model. This model tended to equate social change with the breakdown of social control and many of Durkheim's notions about anomie are derived from this view of industrial society. Halbwachs, on the other hand, proposed a social psychological theory of suicide. His model specifies more clearly the conditions under which lack of social integration may induce suicide. This study shows that among a population in transition, the Alaska Natives, the suicide rate was explained by the Halbwachsian model at least as well as the Durkheimian one and sometimes better. The Durkheimian model is shown to reflect a Cartesian dualism, which accounts only for that which is observable, thus making for biased studies of suicide. Moreover, psychopathological research confirms the Halbwachsian model. These findings restore the social isolation theory, once long neglected, to its rightful place among theories of suicide and opens up an important field for researchers seeking to understand high rates of suicide.  相似文献   
105.
I am honoured that you wish to include my “Notes on Supervision” in the issue of the Journal dedicated to Miss Parker. Re-reading them calls back the pleasure and stimulation of working with her and those of you who were supervising social work students then, and of being a part of the struggle we all were making to identify problems in field instruction and to overcome them.  相似文献   
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107.
Amid robust debates about the impact of music on the lives of young people, empirically validated measures of music engagement are absent. The present study builds on the construction of the Individual and Community Empowerment (ICE) inventory, a measure to capture different types of empowerment and different types of risk potential from rap music engagement. The scientific intent of the scale development and the present validation study was to test the simultaneous presence of empowerment and risk associated with music engagement and its application to the individual and community. A unique sample existed for the present study in comparison to the original, with the bulk of respondents being first-year college students and White. Results of the present study suggest that the ICE inventory is an effective and comparative measure of risk and empowerment. Major findings about the instrument’s utility were replicated, but results were divergent from original research on certain demographic trends with respect to gender, age, and race/ethnicity. Empowering and risky music engagement scale means were higher among male and younger respondents. White respondents had significantly lower mean scores than all other groups on empowerment scales, and African Americans had lower scores on the individual risk scale than other groups. Each result suggests the need for additional research. The validation of the ICE inventory offers promise for helping to collect, organize, and interpret new data on associations between music engagement and desirable health and well-being outcomes.  相似文献   
108.
In the current study, we assessed whether undergraduate electronic gaming machine (EGM) gamblers would be more apt to set a time limit and spend less time gambling when asked to consider setting an explicit time limit prior to their gambling session. To this end, participants (N = 43) were randomly assigned to a time limit pop-up condition or control condition, both of which involved gambling on an EGM in a virtual reality (VR) casino. In the time limit pop-up condition, participants were asked (via pop-up message) to consider setting a time limit on play and entering that limit in an available text box prior to commencing play. In the no time limit pop-up condition, participants engaged in play immediately upon accessing the EGM in the VR casino (i.e. they were not exposed to a time limit pop-up message). As predicted, participants who were explicitly asked to consider setting a time limit on their EGM play were significantly more likely to do so and spent less time gambling than those who were not given such instructions. The results provide preliminary support for the contention that setting a time limit on EGM play is an effective responsible gambling strategy.  相似文献   
109.
This pilot study explored the feasibility of mobile media players as a resource to help veterans in recovery for alcohol abuse and dependence disorders. Twenty veterans, enrolled in intensive outpatient treatment at a Veterans Hospital, participated in this study. Participants were provided an iPod loaded with recovery-related audio podcasts, and surveys were conducted before and after the intervention. Participants generally indicated they used the device regularly, thought it was useful and wished they had access to this type of support earlier in their recovery process.  相似文献   
110.
This article focuses on the use of a music and empowerment-based group as a vehicle for engagement, and therapeutic, and social-emotional benefits with homeless adults coping with severe mental illness in a shelter setting. The authors present a conceptual framework that includes case illustrations to capture the group process. The group was guided by the MUZUZE Hip Hop and empowerment framework, which is meant to facilitate well-being as evidenced by indicators of social-emotional learning and empowerment-based positive youth development. The authors found that the use of Hip Hop helped foster well-being via pathways of individual and community empowerment. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.  相似文献   
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