<Emphasis Type="Italic">Hans-Peter Blossfeld</Emphasis> und <Emphasis Type="Italic">Andreas Timm</Emphasis> (Hg.): Who marries whom? Educational systems as marriage markets in modern societies. European studies of population volume 12

Ohne Zusammenfassung

---

Hans-Peter Blossfeld und Andreas Timm (Hg.): Who marries whom? Educational systems as marriage markets in modern societies. European studies of population volume 12 Dordrecht/Boston/London: Kluwer Academic Publishers 2003. 342 Seiten. ISBN 1-4020-1682-4. Preis: € 135,-

     

Einmal mehr: Ranking oder Rating?

In his discussion of our article “Ranking and Rating Procedures for the Measurement of Values, Analyzed with an Example of the Inglehart-Index. Empirical Results of a Methodological Experiment” (KZfSS 51, 1999: 550–564) Stefan Sacchi questions the appropriateness of the methodological experiment described in our paper. In this rejoinder we show that Sacchi’s criticism does not do justice to our analysis in all respects, because — among other things — he starts from inappropriate theoretical assumptions. In addition, his own modified research design is not suitable to decide the question whether the method of ranking or of rating is more appropriate for the measurement of value orientations.     

USE, ESTEEM, AND PROFIT IN VOLUNTARY PROVISION: TOLL ROADS IN CALIFORNIA, 1850—1902

Early Californians took stock in toll roads for a variety of reasons: use of the road, esteem of fellows, and profits from stock. Whatever the motivation, in operation all toll road companies felt the profit motive. This paper presents a historical survey of voluntary organizations taking the stock-corporation form. These cases demonstrate how various motivations and incentives intermingled and supported one another in the days before the corporation was legally bifurcated into either "for-profit" or "not-for-profit" enterprise.     

Shame and Pride in How to Look Good Naked

Most academic work exploring the makeover genre has argued that TV “experts” draw on a narrative of humiliation to push the participant to adopt more appropriate forms of feminine appearance. However, shows like How to Look Good Naked, while sharing the problematic logics of the makeover, are qualitatively different in tone and style from more aggressive shows. We extend emerging analyses which argue that makeover shows can be read as reflecting struggles for recognition by demonstrating that TV “experts” can also interrupt processes of mis-recognition by offering alternative symbolic systems of interpretation of the body by which the body can be recognised, visible and valued. We argue that humiliation is not the only point of affective engagement for audiences of these shows, while wanting to avoid the seductive illusion that this makes the shows more empowering or less malevolent. We conclude that in failing to embrace the wide variety of affective mechanisms by which we might be able to appreciate the popular appeal of reality TV, we do a disservice to female audiences and women participants, as well as limiting our own theoretical insights.     

Sektion Familiensoziologie Bericht über die Arbeit der Sektion in 2003 und 2004

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

The relationship of work stressors, coping and social support to psychological symptoms among female secretarial employees

A conceptual framework is advanced that assumes that psychological symptoms emerge within multiple contexts, such as the workplace, and are influenced by the interplay of individual and situational risk and protective factors over time. This framework was utilized to examine the impact of work and work-family role stressors, coping, and work-related social support on psychological symptoms among 239 female, secretarial employees in the USA, using both cross-sectional and longitudinal structural equation models. Work stressors and avoidance coping were viewed as risk factors, and active coping and social support as protective factors. Work stressors contributed substantially to increased symptoms, primarily through a direct pathway in the cross-sectional model, but also indirectly to both Time 1 and Time 2 symptoms (4 months later) via pathways through active and avoidance coping. In both models, avoidance coping also predicted increased symptoms. Avoidance coping also served to partially mediate the relationship between work stressors and symptoms in the cross-sectional model, but not in the longitudinal model. Active coping was related to fewer psychological symptoms in both models, thereby reducing the negative effect of work stressors on symptoms. Likewise, work-related social support served an indirect protective function by contributing to lower levels of reported work stressors and greater use of active coping. Work stressors but not active coping mediated the relationship between social support and symptoms. Implications for future research and workplace interventions are discussed.