A behavioral model of residential energy use

The energy use in the residential sector is an important area for compaigns to conserve energy. In the first section of this article, a model is proposed that relates personal, environmental (e.g. home) and behavioral factors to energy use. This model is instrumental in relating variables that determine energy use in the home.In the following these determinants of household energy use: socio-demographic factors, family life-style, energy prices, energy-related behavior, cost-benefit trade offs, effectiveness and responsibility, feedback, information, home characteristics are discussed.In the third section several options for energy-saving campaigns and related research are discussed.     

But 'twas a famous victory

The Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1989 sets forth the basic parameters for physician payment reform. The program requires the Health Care Financing Administration to (1) set (regulate) all physicians' fees for services delivered under Part B of Medicare commencing January 1, 1992, with a four-year phase-in period, (2) limit the dollar amounts of balance billing by tying those amounts to the regulated rates, and (3) establish "Volume Performance Standard Rates of Increase" (previously known as "Expenditure Targets") as a mechanism for attempting to regulate the quantities of services delivered.     

Anthropological Perspectives on the Trafficking of Women for Sexual Exploitation

Abstract The sexual exchange of girls and women embodies deep cultural practices and is historically embedded in many family and kinship systems. Contemporary trafficking operations transform traditional bride wealth and marriage exchanges (prestations) by treating women's sexuality and bodies as commodities to be bought and sold (and exchanged again) in various Western capitals and Internet spaces. Such operations are also global with respect to scale, range, speed, diversity, and flexibility. Propelling many trafficking exchanges are political economic processes, which increase the trafficking of women in times of stress, such as famine, unemployment, economic transition, and so forth. However, the disparity between the global market operations, which organize trafficking, and the late nineteenth century social/public welfare system of counter‐trafficking suggests why the latter do not effectively address women's risks and may even expose them to increased levels of violence and stress. Drawing on historical accounts, anthropological theory, and ethnographic work in Viet Nam and Bosnia and Herzegovina, this essay examines how specific cultural practices embedded in family and kinship relations encourage and rationalize sexual trafficking of girls and young women in times of stress and dislocation. The essay also analyses how technologies of power inform both trafficking and counter‐trafficking operations in terms of controlling women's bodies, sexuality, health, labour, and migration. By analysing sexual trafficking as a cultural phenomenon in its own right, such an analysis seeks to inform and address the specific situations of girls and young women, who suffer greatly from the current migration regimes.     

Density of the quotient of non-negative quadratic forms in normal variables with application to the F-statistic

The density of the quotient of two non-negative quadratic forms in normal variables is considered. The covariance matrix of these variables is arbitrary. The result is useful in the study of the robustness of theF-test with respect to errors of the first and second kind. An explicit expression for this density is given in the form of a proper Riemann-integral on a finite interval, suitable for numerical calculation.     

Simulations on the Jelinski-Moranda model of software reliability; application of some parametric bootstrap methods

In software reliability theory many different models have been proposed and investigated. some of these models intuitively match reality better than others. The properties of certain statistical estimation procedures in connection with these models are also model-dependent. In this paper we investigate how well the maximum likelihood estimation procedure and the parametric bootstrap behave in the case of the very well-known software reliability model suggested by Jelinski and Moranda (1972). For this study we will make use of simulated data.     

Bayes and admissibility properties of estimators in truncated parameter spaces

For the problem of estimating a parameter θ when θ is known to lie in a closed, convex subset D of R^k, conditions are given under which estimators δ of θ cannot be Bayes estimators, as well as conditions under which δ is inadmissible. The estimators considered are so-called “boundary estimators”. Maximum-likelihood estimators in truncated parameter spaces are examples to which our results often apply. For the special case when k = 1 and D is compact, two classes of estimators dominating the inadmissible ones are constructed. Some examples are given.     

伯吉斯《莫扎特与狼帮》中的跨文体写作

跨文体写作是 2 0世纪兴起的一种独特手法 ,其特征是作品文体的不可归类性。以英国作家安东尼·伯吉斯 1 992年新作《莫扎特与狼帮》为例 ,通过对该作品中几种形式迥异的文体的解析来说明 ,在跨文体写作中 ,不同文体表现与各自相配的内容 ,从而达成完美体现作者复杂意图的目的。     

Estimation of bivariate and marginal distributions with censored data

Summary. Consider a pair of random variables, both subject to random right censoring. New estimators for the bivariate and marginal distributions of these variables are proposed. The estimators of the marginal distributions are not the marginals of the corresponding estimator of the bivariate distribution. Both estimators require estimation of the conditional distribution when the conditioning variable is subject to censoring. Such a method of estimation is proposed. The weak convergence of the estimators proposed is obtained. A small simulation study suggests that the estimators of the marginal and bivariate distributions perform well relatively to respectively the Kaplan–Meier estimator for the marginal distribution and the estimators of Pruitt and van der Laan for the bivariate distribution. The use of the estimators in practice is illustrated by the analysis of a data set.     

TDRSS激光空间链路光功率设计

从光功率的角度,分析了卫星间长距离和出射光束发散角产生的空间传输损耗,当传输速率增加、误码率上升时,接收机灵敏度下降;讨论了不同卫星数目时传输损耗与激光束发散角的关系,在考虑其他光功率开销后,得出了发射光功率,发散角和接收灵敏度相互制约关系。