社区管理对公共管理的理论和实践贡献

根据“新”公共管理的市场化和社会化的基本思想和理论,从社区概念对社区管理的性质进行了界定,认为社区管理属于公共管理;并系统地阐述了社区公共管理的理论内容,探讨社区管理对公共管理理论的创新贡献,社区管理为公共管理在“社区”层次的理论研究和社会实践开创了一片新领域。引入社区机制后的公共管理和引入公共管理思想的社区管理对社区实践具有重要意义。     

Efficient Estimation in Heteroscedastic Partially Linear Varying Coefficient Models

This article considers statistical inference for the heteroscedastic partially linear varying coefficient models. We construct an efficient estimator for the parametric component by applying the weighted profile least-squares approach, and show that it is semiparametrically efficient in the sense that the inverse of the asymptotic variance of the estimator reaches the semiparametric efficiency bound. Simulation studies are conducted to illustrate the performance of the proposed method.     

A method for choosing the smoothing parameter in a semi-parametric model for detecting change-points in blood flow

In a smoothing spline model with unknown change-points, the choice of the smoothing parameter strongly influences the estimation of the change-point locations and the function at the change-points. In a tumor biology example, where change-points in blood flow in response to treatment were of interest, choosing the smoothing parameter based on minimizing generalized cross-validation (GCV) gave unsatisfactory estimates of the change-points. We propose a new method, aGCV, that re-weights the residual sum of squares and generalized degrees of freedom terms from GCV. The weight is chosen to maximize the decrease in the generalized degrees of freedom as a function of the weight value, while simultaneously minimizing aGCV as a function of the smoothing parameter and the change-points. Compared with GCV, simulation studies suggest that the aGCV method yields improved estimates of the change-point and the value of the function at the change-point.     

International Trade and the Urbanization of Developing Countries: Evidence from Asia

Abstract

A grain surplus and the grain trade are closely related to the urbanization of developing countries. However, existing literature has not given adequate attention to this issue. Our paper develops a theoretical model to explain the mechanisms whereby changes in the grain surplus constrain the level of urbanization in a closed economy context and the grain trade affects the level of urbanization by acting on the grain surplus in an open economy context. A test of the theoretical model applied to some developing countries in Asia during the period 1993-2010 shows that international trade is generally negatively correlated with level of urbanization. However, cereal and non-cereal trade vary in terms of their relation to urbanization: whereas the former is positively correlated with level of urbanization, the latter is negatively correlated with it. Since the net import of cereals relaxes the constraint imposed on the level of urbanization by the domestic grain surplus, it can have a marked positive effect on the course of urbanization. Our research findings show that provided grain production or grain security is guaranteed, developing countries may adopt a policy of importing an appropriate amount of grain to increase their level of urbanization.     

Data availability in accounting research: Some evidence

The data availability policy of the American Accounting Association is examined to address two research questions: (1) Are data dependent results in The Accounting Review readily available for further inquiry and dissemination of accounting knowledge? (2) What are the potential factors that may account for the availability or the lack of data? Several potential factors including job rank, number of revisions before acceptance, source of data, and funding source are suggested to account for the lack of data availability. The results indicate that, in general, authors are not willing to make their data available to others. We conclude by suggesting some options that may ameliorate the situation.     

80后农民工的城市就业现状与对策建议

分析了80后农民工在城市的就业特征,主要从四方面提出了对策建议:建立健全80后农民工就业的社会保障机制;改革创新80后农民工就业培训模式;为农民工塑造良好的工作环境;构建农民工双向流迁就业体系。     

大型会展场馆建设的市场影响与管理对策研究——以上海两大会展中心为例

目前,我国许多城市正在或准备兴建大型(超大型)会展场馆。这是否会导致场馆闲置、影响各场馆的目标市场,以及现有场馆将如何应对都是值得研究的问题。上海会展业在国内居于领先地位,并且经历了多次大型场馆的建设。以上海新国际博览中心和国家会展中心(上海)两大场馆为典型,对其出现后的本地主要会展场馆举办的展览会进行对比分析,发现:(1)新建大型会展场馆的展览会主要来自本地,小部分来自其他城市;(2)较大规模的展览会将向更大规模的场馆转移;(3)各类场馆举办的展览会类型发生了变化;(4)场馆利用率高低取决于市场供给、需求情况和自身管理水平,中外合作的大型场馆利用率较高。由此,从供给侧提出了不同规模会展场馆的管理策略。     

An International Comparative Study on Women's Pension Rights and Their Economic Risks

This article examined the theoretical meanings of pension rights and analyzed their effects on women's economic risks in developed countries. First, based on the status of a citizen, worker, parent, and spouse, this study investigated how pension benefits are guaranteed as a citizen regardless of work history, the degree to which women's disadvantageous situations in the labor market and unpaid work are compensated by public pension as workers and parents, and how marital status is treated in the different pension systems. Second, analysis of the effect of pension rights showed that individual rights is a significant factor to prevent economic risks of elderly women. Derived rights did not seem to secure the economic welfare of elderly women, at least in a comparative context. This finding suggested that developing individual rights, rather than derived rights, is the way to guarantee long‐term elderly women's economic welfare.     

上海CBD建设及陆家嘴——外滩核心CBD发展构想

CBD是城市的核心和灵魂,也是城市经济功能重要的载体。本文从现代CBD发展的国际趋势入手,对上海城市CBD建设过程的发展状况和存在问题两个方面进行了分析,提出了上海未来CBD的建设思路。在此基础上,对上海陆家嘴一外滩核心CBD区域功能规划进行了深入具体的研究,指出了陆家嘴一外滩核心CBD发展的不足,提出了未来发展的规划目标和功能设想,并在政策和制度上提出了保障措施。     

房屋之外：嘉绒藏区房名制度背后的政治逻辑与社会生活

嘉绒藏族的房名在区分重名之人等方面起到类似姓氏的社会功能,但与汉族姓氏不同的是,房名体现着人与特定房屋而非特定父系祖先的具体关系。房名的命名规律和房名之间语义关联所呈现的地方性面貌背后,是房名制度作为封建等级时代的土司治术,它以房屋为单元拆分了纳粮服役的强制性义务,并赋予每户居住者集生存需求和象征资本于一体的不完全性权利,以实现“分房而治”的政治意图。而跨越房屋单元的血缘关系集合体则保留了梅因意义上的“前封建社会”互助传统,使得代代沿袭的婚姻与继嗣实践潜在地“收拢”了这种分裂的趋势。政治-管理逻辑与亲属-互助实践两股力量围绕房屋交织生成的辩证张力,为我们理解人与房屋的关系提供了一个新的视角。