Assessing Participation and Effectiveness of the Peer-Led Approach in Youth Sexual Health Education: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis in More Developed Countries

Sexual health education for young people is crucial not only for development of norms but also for protection against vulnerabilities during this stage in life. Although several systematic reviews have examined the effectiveness of peer-led sex education, none have focused on the extent of peer participation. The purpose of this review was to evaluate peer-led sexual health education interventions in more developed countries (MDCs). Electronic and manual searches across five social science, education, and medical databases were conducted. Fifteen articles were selected in total. Most (10 of 15) studies gave low or no responsibility to peers. The majority of articles found improvements in sexual health knowledge (13 of 14) and attitudes (11 of 15) at postintervention stages. Two studies showed improved self-efficacy, and three showed behavioral changes. A preliminary synthesis of effectiveness and level of participation was done. Meta-analysis revealed a large effect on knowledge change (Hedges’ g = 0.84, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.43 to 1.25) and a medium effect on attitude change (Hedges’ g = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.19 to 0.80). Peer-led interventions could be a powerful tool. This review shows that this approach is effective in changing knowledge and attitudes but not behaviors. Further research and action are needed to understand optimal implementation.     

诗歌押韵与起承转合

起承转合,关于诗文的意蕴结构或曰章法的这一术语,也可以用来概括诗歌的押韵规律.在诗歌的各种韵式中,起承转合这一韵式有着独特的优势,至今葆有顽强的生命力.     

东南亚华裔学生中文姓名用字研究

姓名是语言学中一个值得关注的课题,它是一种社会现象,也是一种语言现象,有丰富的内涵。文章通过语料样本对东南亚华裔学生的中文姓名用字进行统计研究,分析用字特点,对华裔学生中文取名方法和对待相关问题应有态度进行探讨。     

论王弼《老子注》的形成与玄学背景下的道儒融通

王弼的《老子注》形成于汉魏之际,由两汉经学向魏晋玄学的学术转向时期。结合当时的社会需要,王弼在《老子注》中创造性地提出了崇本息末的观念和名教本于自然的基本原理,并以此为基础对道儒关系进行了系统的论证。这不仅从理论上解决了汉魏之际道儒融通的时代课题,而且对于推动《老子》解释学和中国道学史研究的发展也具有重要的方法论意义。     

额什丁家族史论

考察 14世纪以后的苏非派 ,不应忽视额什丁家族的重要作用。这一家族并不是中亚显赫的家族 ,但在特定时期登上了历史的舞台 ,并且其家族首领扮演了较为特别的角色。同时 ,他们和上层统治者有着千丝万缕的联系。这似乎是一种历史的偶然性或者是巧合 ,但仔细探究当时的历史背景 ,不难看出宗教和政治自身需要的内在互动以及或明或暗的结合 ,完成了家族的双重“使命” ,也为一个王朝的灭亡埋下了伏笔     

少数民族地区旅游开发条件比较研究--以甘肃省肃南县和贵州省黎平县为例

文章通过特尔菲法建立少数民族地区旅游开发条件评价的指标体系 ,利用该指标体系对甘肃省肃南县和贵州省黎平县进行单项评分和综合评价 ,并依据分析结果对两地旅游业的发展提出建议。     

因子模型门槛效应的LM和Wald检验及其统计性质研究

门槛因子模型可以有效地刻画高维度时间序列的共变特征和区制转换行为,具有良好的可解释性和预测能力。针对因子载荷矩阵存在的门槛效应,本文提出了拉格朗日乘子和沃尔德检验方法,并给出了渐近分布,相关结果表明以上检验统计量具有良好的大样本性质和有限样本表现。在实证部分,以我国股市的行业指数作为研究对象,通过构建门槛因子模型来刻画我国股票市场波动的共变性特征和非对称效应。实证结果表明基于门槛因子模型可以很好地刻画中国股市行业收益率波动的共变特征和区制转换行为。     

自媒体时代历史虚无主义思潮的传播及其反制

历史虚无主义在意识形态层面否定马克思主义的指导地位与唯物史观,歪曲丑化了中国共产党的领导。历史虚无主义思潮借助自媒体平台呈现出的碎片化、隐匿化与庸俗化倾向,在当下自媒体平台肆意传播,在社会上造成了极其恶劣的影响。在此背景下,必须深入分析历史虚无主义思潮在自媒体平台的传播方式及其规律,有针对性地提出相应的反制策略,在重建马克思主义唯物史观的同时,营造健康的网络道德教育环境。     

创投机构声誉、减持退出收益与公司业绩的影响效果——基于我国创业板制造业上市公司的实证分析

本文选取创业板上市公司为样本,实证创投机构声誉、减持退出行为收益与上市公司经营业绩的影响效果。研究发现:有创投参投的上市公司其经营业绩并未能明显优于无创投参投的上市公司,创投减持退出并未造成上市公司业绩显著下滑,创投机构减持行为与参投上市公司的业绩无显著关联;创投机构会发生聪明投资者的择时减持行为,借此获取超额减持收益;不同声誉创投机构退出行为的自我约束效力不同,高声誉创投机构减持退出行为更加理性。?更多还原     

Estimating Abundance from Presence–Absence Maps via a Paired Negative‐Binomial Model

The estimation of abundance from presence–absence data is an intriguing problem in applied statistics. The classical Poisson model makes strong independence and homogeneity assumptions and in practice generally underestimates the true abundance. A controversial ad hoc method based on negative‐binomial counts (Am. Nat.) has been empirically successful but lacks theoretical justification. We first present an alternative estimator of abundance based on a paired negative binomial model that is consistent and asymptotically normally distributed. A quadruple negative binomial extension is also developed, which yields the previous ad hoc approach and resolves the controversy in the literature. We examine the performance of the estimators in a simulation study and estimate the abundance of 44 tree species in a permanent forest plot.