Men Sexually Interested in Transwomen (MSTW): Gendered Embodiment and the Construction of Sexual Desire

Unreliable self‐reporting of sexual behavior has been suggested as a major cause of variance in survey research. In addition, differing gender‐related biases are thought to account for discrepancies in reports of oral and anal sex. Insufficient attention, however, has been given to assessing the reliability of the sexual partner's reports. Data obtained from 70 couples concerning 68 sexual behaviors was reviewed. Four different reliability indices yielded moderate to substantial agreement. These included a simple percentage criterion of 87%, a Kappa of .67, and conditional probabilities of .77 and.91. Previously reported discrepancies in the reporting of oral and anal sex were not found. Kappa was found to be superior to simple percentage agreement, but produced overly conservative reliability estimates when derived from behaviors that occur at either high or low base‐rates. The two conditional probability indices are proposed for use in conjunction with Kappa to evaluate the reliability of partner data.     

ADVERTISING DECISION RULES FOR MARKET SHARE MODELS

This paper develops rules for setting advertising budgets when long term effects of advertising and competitive promotional spending are considered in a market share model. In both deterministic and probabilistic cases, a firm's optimal advertising budget is shown to be relatively insensitive to the level of competitive advertising. The key determinant of the advertising level is long run expected profit, and the budgeting rule developed is to spend a constant percentage of long run profit on advertising. Reasons for this result are explored.