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41.
Wendy L. Currie 《Long Range Planning》1989,22(6):85-91
There is growing evidence to suggest that the success of new technology is linked to whether it is introduced as part of an overall corporate strategy or alternatively as an ‘ad hoc’ response to falling profits, extended lead-times and reduced productivity. Interviewing engineering managers in leading electronics and engineering companies including BICC, Ferranti, Rolls Royce, British Aerospace, Thorn EMI and others, the author found that investment in computer-aided design was not always implemented in line with corporate strategy, but instead as part of a sub-strategy, the success of which was usually constrained by the accounting methods used to justify it as well as the attitudes adopted by senior managers. In discussing these issues, the article compares British and Japanese managements' approach to new technology and questions the validity of traditional capital budgeting methods. 相似文献
42.
It is possible for a language to emerge with no direct linguistic history or outside linguistic influence. Al-Sayyid Bedouin Sign Language (ABSL) arose about 70 years ago in a small, insular community with a high incidence of profound prelingual neurosensory deafness. In ABSL, we have been able to identify the beginnings of phonology, morphology, syntax, and prosody. The linguistic elements we find in ABSL are not exclusively holistic, nor are they all compositional, but a combination of both. We do not, however, find in ABSL certain features that have been posited as essential even for a proto-language. ABSL has a highly regular syntax as well as word-internal compounding, also highly regular but quite distinct from syntax in its patterns. ABSL, however, has no discernable word-internal structure of the kind observed in more mature sign languages: no spatially organized morphology and no evident duality of phonological patterning. 相似文献
43.
Wendy Sigle‐Rushton 《Journal of marriage and the family》2005,67(3):735-753
Although there has been increasing attention to the importance of fathers and their relationships with their children, few studies have examined young parenthood and its consequences for fathers’ life chances. In recent years, this has begun to change, and research is examining, to a far greater extent, the experiences of young fathers. Using data from a cohort of British men born in 1970, this paper uses a propensity score–matching technique to compare the well‐being of 344 men who reported becoming fathers before the age of 22 with men from similar backgrounds who did not. The findings suggest that selection into young fatherhood is substantial but, for some outcomes, significant differences remain. 相似文献
44.
Son preference and educational opportunities of children in China— “I wish you were a boy!” 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Gender bias in family formation, such as sex selected-abortion, imbalance of the sex ratio, child abandonment, and sibling
size/order in relation to fertility is well documented in China. Much less is known about continued gender bias after birth
in relation to children's status inside the family. In particular, there is a relative scarcity of research on the impact
of the parental son preference in determining differential educational opportunities of male and female children. Continued
and fast economic growth in China is not accompanied by the dramatic change in traditional value, and many peasants still
hold son preference value. Using 1990 China census data and drawing on ethnographic fieldwork in Beijing and its suburbs,
I examine children's educational opportunities, and investigate the relationship between parents who hold the son preference
value and their unequal treatment when rearing children. The results demonstrated that the continued son preference value,
based on traditional views as well as on perceived financial returns to families, leads to a lower level of educational attainment
among daughters in rural areas of China. The lower educational attainment and higher labor force participation rates of rural
female adolescents reflect unequal opportunities provided by their parents in addition to social inequality in China. Children
who live in urban areas with educated parents received better educational opportunities and experience less gender bias.
She received her Ph.D. in sociology from the University of California, Los Angeles in 1993. Her research interests include
social demography, social deviance, social psychology, race and ethnicity, and quantitative sociology. Her recent publications
include illegal drug rehabilitation and detoxification, international migration, sociology of emotions, and gender inequality. 相似文献
45.
In 1984 Congress amended the antidumping and countervailing duty laws, man-dating that the International Trade Commission (ITC) "cumulate" imports across countries when determining injury. We estimate that cumulation increases the probability of an affirmative injury determination by 20 to 30 percent and has changed the ITC's decision (from negative to affirmative) for about one-third of cumulated cases. We also show that the protective effect of cumulation increases as the number of countries involved increases, holding import market share constant. That is, cumulated imports have a super-additive effect on ITC decision-making. 相似文献
46.
Although UK legislation against age discrimination is required by December 2006, little is yet known about how ageism affects different age categories of employees, and the gender dimensions of ageism have also been neglected. Both issues were investigated by questionnaire survey, producing responses from over 1000 employees of a major UK financial services enterprise. The extent and manifestations of ageism were found to vary across age categories and by sex, and evidence of gendered ageism emerged. Reported examples of ageism were highest among younger and older age categories, but all age groups were affected to some degree. Across all ages, women were more likely than men to experience ageist attitudes concerning appearance or sexuality. To be effective, legislation will need to cater for the complex nature and patterns of age discrimination revealed, though the comparator problem and other complexities are such that important aspects of age prejudice, including gender dimensions, risk being overlooked. 相似文献
47.
Wendy Kliewer Lenn Murrelle Elizabeth Prom Melva Ramirez Patricia Obando Luis Sandi Maria Del Carmen Karenkeris 《Journal of research on adolescence》2006,16(3):455-478
Associations between witnessing serious violence and drug use, and the protective influences of family cohesion and parental monitoring, were investigated among 9,840 adolescents (50.5% female, M age=15.29 years, SD=1.76) living in Panama and Costa Rica. After accounting for demographics and parental and sibling substance use, witnessing serious violence was associated with greater drunkenness, tobacco use, number of illicit drugs used, and problems with drugs and alcohol. In every analysis, exposure to violence was associated with more drug use, while family cohesion and parental monitoring attenuated risk. Further, family cohesion and parental monitoring exerted a protective‐stabilizing effect on number of illicit drugs used and on problems with drugs and alcohol. There were few interactions with age. Implications for prevention are discussed. 相似文献
48.
Peggy C. Giordano Wendy D. Manning Monica A. Longmore 《The Sociological quarterly》2005,46(3):545-568
Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health), we analyze African-American and white respondents' reports of the nature of their romantic experiences. We explore levels of companionate intimacy, including frequency of interaction and intimate self-disclosure, degree of romantic and sexual intimacy, as well as problem areas including relationship violence and nonexclusivity. African-American respondents report relationships of longer average duration relative to white youths, but overall responses reflect a somewhat less intense or intimate relationship style. These observed differences were not completely attenuated once relevant controls are introduced. We connect these findings to prior research on African-American adolescent family and peer relations, and call for additional research that supplements the behavioral emphasis of Add Health. 相似文献
49.
Sounds of Silence: narrative research with inarticulate subjects 总被引:7,自引:5,他引:2
This article addresses the challenge of using narrative methods with people who have learning difficulties. Such informants present four particular interview problems: inarticulateness; unresponsiveness; a concrete frame of reference; and difficulties with the concept of time. The authors focus on the first two of these problems and argue that neither of them constitutes an insuperable barrier to people telling their story. Drawing on detailed interview material from an informant with learning difficulties, the authors set out to show in practical terms how these problems might be tackled, emphasising in particular the importance of being attentive to what goes unsaid. They conclude that researchers should put more emphasis on overcoming the barriers that impede the involvement of inarticulate subjects in narrative research instead of dwelling on their limitations as informants. 相似文献
50.
Although many studies have examined the link between parental divorce and subsequent well-being, some theories of the effects of divorce suggest that the negative associations should have declined over time. However, few studies have examined the extent to which the associations have remained stable over time. Using data from two British cohorts, we analyzed both shorter- and longer-term outcomes of children who experienced parental divorce and the extent to which the associations have changed over time. Estimating similar models for both cohorts, we found little evidence of any change in the size of the relationship as divorce became more commonplace. 相似文献