论反向假冒商标行为

反向假冒商标行为是指未经他人的允许,将他人合法使用在商品上的商标去除后换上自己的商标并投入市场的行为。从消费层面看,它是欺诈消费者的行为;从竞争层面看,它是通过侵犯他人商标的手段来实现自己不正当竞争的行为。各国不同的立法模式告诉我们,只要法律之间关系和谐,都能收到较好的规制反向假冒商标行为的功效。     

POST-REFORM INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTIVITY PERFORMANCE OF CHINA: NEW EVIDENCE FROM THE 1985 INDUSTRIAL CENSUS DATA

Beginning in the late 1970s, a series of reforms to improve industrial productivity were implemented in China. We estimate changes in productivity growth and identify its sources in the post-reform period 1980-85. Our work is based on the newest and most comprehensive data set available on Chinese industrial activities. Productivity growth estimates are shown to be strongly affected by output specification. Overall, we find sharp increases in productivity growth in the 1984-85 period as compared to the 1980-84 period. Collective and private enterprises show higher output and productivity gains than do state-owned enterprises.     

孟子的德治思想

孟子的德治思想由性善论、天人观、民本思想、仁政学说等互相联系、不可分割的四个部分组成。其中,性善论是其理论前提,天人观是其哲学依据,民本思想是其思想核心,仁政学说是其主要内容。     

1927-1929年大学院建制的设立与中国科学研究理念的凸显及其影响

1927-1929年,国民政府改教育部为大学院,这次在中国科学和教育发展史上虽然只存在了两年的体制改革,不仅仅是一种国家教育行政管理机关名称的变更。从设置大学院的动机及其设想来看,其背后体现出来的是蔡元培等倡议者对学术教育及科技研究的重视与努力,它具有着提倡教育独立、学术自由和教育学术并重思想的重要意义,它推动了此后中国科技学术界的成长。     

从"统治术"看社会政治结构设计与政治资源配置

政文同构、政法同构、政经异构和“差异”是保持一个社会稳定均衡运行的关键,其微观基础在于实现“理”、“力”、“利”的不同配置。苏共丧失政权和国民党的“黑金”政治都同“权力”和“金钱”的结合紧密相关。本文借鉴历史的经验教训,对在社会主义市场经济条件下建立“差异”政治学、建设社会主义政治文明提出了新见。     

社会转型期利益关系法律调整的实然性分析

社会转型本质上是利益关系的调整时期。在这一时期几乎所有的社会矛盾追根溯源都可以归结到利益分配和利益关系这个根本点上来。面对这种现实,我们必须建构与之相适应的、完善的法律调整机制和手段,对各种利益关系进行合理的调整。即在法制建设过程中,我们不仅要对各种既成的利益关系进行确认和保护,而且还要通过揭示各种不同的利益之间的矛盾,结合社会发展的趋势,对各种利益关系做出取舍、平衡和协调,并把平衡和协调的结果规定在相应的法律之中,以充分调动各利益主体的积极性,抑制和消解可能出现的各种不稳定因素。     

A Study on the Sleep Patterns and Problems of University Business Students in Hong Kong

Abstract

Objective: To investigate sleep patterns and problems of university business students. Participants: Undergraduate Chinese business students in Hong Kong. Methods: Self-reported questionnaires were completed during class lectures and through online system. Results: Of the 620 participating students (mean age 19.9 years), sleep duration was significantly shorter during weekdays (6.9 hours) than weekends (8.6 hours). Two thirds of students reported sleep deprivation. The following factors were associated with being a “poor sleeper” (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index > 5): attending early morning lectures (odds ratio [OR] = 1.90), living on-campus (OR = 1.89), Sleep Sufficiency Index less than 0.8 (OR = 2.55), sleep debt (differences of total time-in-bed between weekday and weekend ≥ 75 minutes) (OR = 1.58), and minor psychiatric disturbances (OR = 2.82). Conclusions: Poor sleep quality and sleep deprivation were prevalent in university business students in Hong Kong, especially for those attending early morning lectures and living on-campus. Systemic education on the importance of sleep and stress and time management is needed for university students.     

The Economic Value of Career Counseling Services for College Students in South Korea

This study investigated college students’ perception of the monetary value of career counseling services by using the contingent valuation method. The results of a multivariate survival analysis based on interviews with a convenience sample of 291 undergraduate students in South Korea indicate that, on average, participants’ expressed willingness to pay (WTP) for such services ranged from U.S. $10.22 to $10.54 per hour of individual career counseling. Self‐stigma and attitudes toward counseling had positive effects on their WTP, whereas the year in college and social stigma had negative effects. The results provide policy makers with preliminary evidence of the monetary value of career counseling.     

Gender Differences in Happiness and Life Satisfaction Among Adolescents in Hong Kong: Relationships and Self-Concept

This study uses survey data from adolescents (N = 1,428) in Hong Kong to test the association of gender with happiness and life satisfaction through relationship style and self-concept. While self-esteem and purpose in life are associated with higher happiness and life satisfaction, having more close friends is related to higher happiness, but not necessarily life satisfaction. On the other hand, boys with higher academic achievement are happier, but not more satisfied; the opposite holds true for girls. Our results provide a much-needed investigation of the differential effect of gender on the subjective well-being of adolescents. Contributing to the theoretical debate about the concepts of subjective well-being, we argue that happiness and life satisfaction are empirically and conceptually distinct. Life satisfaction might be characterized by more profound enjoyment and achievement in life than happiness.