CAS理论与高校德育

文章在简要介绍复杂适应系统 (CAS)理论的基础上 ,认为CAS理论对高校德育工作具有方法论意义 ;在CAS理论视野中 ,高校德育工作应该遵循如下五个基本原则 :主体原则、活力原则、整体涌现性原则、目的性原则和冲突化原则。     

Natural and social order at Walt Disney World; the functions and contradictions of civilising nature

Elias’ theory of the civilising process is used to show how the Walt Disney World Theme Parks construct social control over visitors without calling into question the official presentation of these visitors as free, choice‐making, experience seeking individuals. Particular attention is drawn to the manipulation of images of nature as either ‘wild’ or ‘civilised’ to code, respectively, forbidden and legitimate places for visitors. In doing so, WDW is able to maintain civilised, non‐coercive, discourse with its ‘guests’ who are, thus presented to themselves as responsible and self‐regulating persons. Attention is drawn to the contradiction that this strategy creates between ‘authentic’ and ‘civilised’ spectacle particularly in the presentation of animals. It is noted how this creates an imperative to show only civilised animal behaviour but which, in turn, limits the means that the Disney Corporation can adopt in order to create a space that is free from the intrusion of uncivilised nature.     

高校扩招下工程图学的教学实践与探讨

文章分析了高校扩招给工程图学教学带来的困难 ,并实践和探讨了一种在保证教学质量的前提下提高教学效率的现代教学模式     

ELICITING A DIRECTED ACYCLIC GRAPH FOR A MULTIVARIATE TIME SERIES OF VEHICLE COUNTS IN A TRAFFIC NETWORK

The problem of modelling multivariate time series of vehicle counts in traffic networks is considered. It is proposed to use a model called the linear multiregression dynamic model (LMDM). The LMDM is a multivariate Bayesian dynamic model which uses any conditional independence and causal structure across the time series to break down the complex multivariate model into simpler univariate dynamic linear models. The conditional independence and causal structure in the time series can be represented by a directed acyclic graph (DAG). The DAG not only gives a useful pictorial representation of the multivariate structure, but it is also used to build the LMDM. Therefore, eliciting a DAG which gives a realistic representation of the series is a crucial part of the modelling process. A DAG is elicited for the multivariate time series of hourly vehicle counts at the junction of three major roads in the UK. A flow diagram is introduced to give a pictorial representation of the possible vehicle routes through the network. It is shown how this flow diagram, together with a map of the network, can suggest a DAG for the time series suitable for use with an LMDM.     

“典型”教育:“先进性”与“广泛性”的失衡

“典型”教育是我国行政道德建设的一种重要手段。其正效应不容忽视:促使官员“敢为”、“不敢为”,对于整个社会的精神文明建设也产生了良性的辐射效应。然而,只强调“典型”教育引发了行政伦理评价标准的错位、“德行有用”价值理念的扭曲、官员道德选择的误区等。这一系列的矛盾要求我们必须寻求“先进性”要求与“广泛性”要求的平衡:既要坚持不懈地抓“典型”教育,同时又要适应时代要求,树立“道德人”与“经济人”联体的公仆观。     

Loss functions for estimation of extrema with an application to disease mapping

It is often of interest to find the maximum or near maxima among a set of vector‐valued parameters in a statistical model; in the case of disease mapping, for example, these correspond to relative‐risk “hotspots” where public‐health intervention may be needed. The general problem is one of estimating nonlinear functions of the ensemble of relative risks, but biased estimates result if posterior means are simply substituted into these nonlinear functions. The authors obtain better estimates of extrema from a new, weighted ranks squared error loss function. The derivation of these Bayes estimators assumes a hidden‐Markov random‐field model for relative risks, and their behaviour is illustrated with real and simulated data.     

Characteristics of smokeless tobacco use among high school football players as related to type of smokeless tobacco and period of use.

The present study was conducted to assess differences in the behavioral and demographic characteristics of snuff (dip) users as compared to users of chewing tobacco. High School football players (1116) were surveyed concerning their use and perceptions of smokeless tobacco. Adolescent athletes who tried smokeless tobacco were more likely to be white, to use cigarettes, alcohol, and cigars and to have family users than those who never tried. Initial use was highest before the age of fourteen years and was influenced by friends, curiosity and family. Dippers tended to initiate use because of friends, while chewers started because of family users. Users of both dip and chew started primarily because of curiosity. Users of both were more likely to consume greater amounts to alcohol and cigarettes and to smoke cigars and pipes. It appears that the longer smokeless tobacco is consumed, the more likely both dip and chew will be used. Users of smokeless tobacco for more than two years tended to consume more of the product each week, used it for more hours/day, initiated use at an earlier age, and used it more often at school and work than those using it for less than two years. Use of cigars/pipes, consumption of alcohol, and quantity of cigarette consumption increased significantly with longer duration of smokeless tobacco use. Intervention and prevention programs would be helped by understanding differences between users of various smokeless tobacco products and differences related to the duration of use. In addition, further analyses of smokeless tobacco users should study chewers, dippers, and users of both separately.     

建构与解构:诗学研究中的两个维度

建构与解构是人类思维中共生与共在的两个维度,同时也是诗学发展和诗学研究中的两个重要维度。文论诗学的创新离不开对这两个维度的研究。     

超越单向度的人——斯蒂芬·迪达勒斯的从宗教到艺术之路

《一个青年艺术家的画像》被研究者认为是乔伊斯的精神自传,从宗教分析的角度来看,主要人物斯蒂芬.迪达勒斯从宗教到艺术之路的历程以及阿奎那哲学美学思想对他的生活态度和艺术追求的影响,表现出乔伊斯对宗教的深刻反思和对社会强烈的批判意识,是西方现代艺术家对单向度的人的否定和超越。