Opportunities for woman-initiated HIV prevention methods among female sex workers in southern China

Rapid changes in China over the past two decades have led to significant problems associated with population migration and changing social attitudes, including a growing sex industry and concurrent increases in STIs and HIV. This article reports results of an exploratory study of microbicide acceptability and readiness and current HIV prevention efforts among female sex workers in two rural and one urban town in Hainan and Guangxi Provinces in southern China. The study focused on these women's knowledge and cultural understandings of options for protecting themselves from exposure to STIs and HIV, and the potential viability and acceptability of woman-initiated prevention methods. We report on ethnographic elicitation interviews conducted with women working within informal sex-work establishments (hotels, massage and beauty parlors, roadside restaurants, boarding houses). We discuss implications of these findings for further promotion of woman-initiated prevention methods such as microbicides and female condoms among female sex workers in China.     

西部城市公用事业运营模式改革的路径选择——以西部三省(陕西、甘肃、四川)为例

一、引言 城市公用事业是城市为市民提供基础设施和公共服务的重要内容,包括城市供水、供电、供热、供气、公共交通、排水、污水处理、道路桥梁、市政设施、市容卫生、垃圾处理和城市绿化等方面.城市公用事业是城市经济社会发展的载体,直接关系到社会的公共利益和可持续发展.     

德国非营利科研机构模式及其对中国的启示——以弗琅霍夫协会为例的考察

战后德国科研机构的主导模式是以著名的马普协会、霍尔姆茨协会、弗琅霍夫协会和莱布尼兹科学研究联合会等为代表的非营利科研机构模式。由于这一模式具有治理结构完善、组织运营高效、科研业绩卓越的优点,因而多年来一直受到国际社会的高度评价,成为越来越多国家重塑科技体制的参考样本。系统考察弗琅霍夫协会的内部组织结构、资源分配方式与成果评估体系,对深化我国科技体制改革应有重要的借鉴和启示意义。     

高校理想信念教育状况及实效性路径思考——以西南科技大学学生为调查样本

增强高校大学生理想信念教育的实效性是学校思想政治教育的一项重要工作.通过对西南科技大学学生的调查发现,当前我国高校大学生的理想信念主流是好的,但部分学生也不同程度存在政治信仰迷茫、价值取向扭曲、社会责任感缺乏、团结协作观念较差等问题,这与高校理想信念教育的效果不理想关系极大.     

关于行政合理性原则的法理思考

行政合理性原则在国内一直地位模糊,主要原因来自理论层面。行政自由裁量行为与羁束行为的传统划分以及形式法制主义观念,使该原则之"理"与"法"的内在联系未受重视,甚至不经意地被割裂。从法理学角度辨析,两者乃具有内在同一性,并且这种同一性恰是合理性原则的要义所在,也是其作为行政法基本原则的真正基点。     

A primal dual active set with continuation algorithm for high-dimensional nonconvex SICA-penalized regression

The smooth integration of counting and absolute deviation (SICA) penalty has been demonstrated theoretically and practically to be effective in nonconvex penalization for variable selection and parameter estimation. However, solving the nonconvex optimization problem associated with SICA penalty in high-dimensional setting remains to be enriched, mainly due to the singularity at the origin and the nonconvexity of the SICA penalty function. In this paper, we develop a fast primal dual active set (PDAS) with continuation algorithm for solving the nonconvex SICA-penalized least squares in high dimensions. Upon introducing the dual variable, the PDAS algorithm iteratively identify and update the active set in the optimization using both the primal and dual information, and then solve a low-dimensional least square problem on the active set. When combined with a continuation strategy and a high-dimensional Bayesian information criterion (BIC) selector on the tuning parameters, the proposed algorithm is very efficient and accurate. Extensive simulation studies and analysis of a high-dimensional microarray gene expression data are presented to illustrate the performance of the proposed method.     

Life satisfaction in China and consumption and income inequalities

This research uses nationally representative data to study how economic resources and inequalities are associated with life satisfaction of Chinese residents. We construct economic resource and inequality measures from expenditure rather than from income, after confirming that expenditure inequality is a better measure in the Chinese context. We find that economic inequalities in general are negatively associated with life satisfaction, and that this association is larger for inequalities in the lower half of the distribution than those in the upper half of the distribution. We further explore the mechanisms under which inequality can be associated with life satisfaction, and find that aspiration is potentially one important channel.     

异地安置羌民的“第一个羌历年”——四川省邛崃市南宝山木梯村羌历年田野调查报告

羌历年是羌民族生活和文化的缩影。2010年11月6日,邛崃市南宝山“5·12汶川大地震”灾后异地安置点木梯村的村民迎来了灾后的第一个羌历年。通过对此次羌历年的仪式过程及其宗教内涵、文化意蕴的解读,分析了当地村民、政府和社会组织在此次庆祝活动中所扮演的角色和发挥的作用,并探讨羌历年在新的环境条件下所发生的文化空间和宗教空间的重构、神圣与世俗的冲突与协作。     

侗寨生态与水资源的传统利用模式——以湖南通道独坡乡上岩坪寨为例

位于湖南通道侗族自治县独坡乡的上岩坪寨是典型的侗寨。该侗寨的河流、井、鱼塘、消防渠、稻田等,共同构成水资源的活性系统。从当地水资源的空间分布和传统利用模式来看,侗寨呈现的是人与生态和谐共居的图景。侗寨水资源的合理利用,源自村民对水资源的集体维护。     

共生理论视阈下中华民族共同体建构的五维向度

中华民族共同体建构的基本逻辑是一个从"求同存异"到"聚同化异"的过程,旨在构建一个多民族休戚与共、血脉相连的共生关系与共生状态。中华民族共同体的有效建构必须赋予"共生"的理念,以责任、族际、文化、利益、命运为共生单元的建构逻辑,进而推动中华民族政治共同体、文化共同体、价值共同体、利益共同体、命运共同体的全面建构。