Flipping and ex post aggregation

We show that Bayesian ex post aggregation is unstable with respect to refinements. Suppose a group of Bayesians use ex post aggregation. Since it is a joint problem, each agent's problem is captured by the same model, but probabilities and utilities may vary. If they analyze the same situation in more detail, their refined analysis should preserve their preferences among acts. However, ex post aggregation could bring about a preference reversal on the group level. Ex post aggregation thus depends on how much information is used and may keep oscillating (“flipping”) as one keeps adding more information. Received: 16 April 2002/Accepted: 27 May 2002     

On strategy-proofness and essentially single-valued cores: A converse result

In a general model of indivisible good allocation, S?nmez (1999) established that, whenever the core is nonempty for each preference profile, if an allocation rule is strategy-proof, individually rational and Pareto optimal, then the rule is a selection from the core correspondence, and the core correspondence must be essentially single-valued. This paper studies the converse claim of this result. I demonstrate that whenever the preference domain satisfies a certain condition of `richness', if the core correspondence is essentially single-valued, then any selection from the core correspondence is strategy-proof (even weakly coalition strategy-proof, in fact). In particular, on the domain of preferences in which each individual has strict preferences over his own assignments and there is no consumption externality, such an allocation rule is coalition strategy-proof. And on this domain, coalition strategy-proofness is equivalent to Maskin monotonicity, an important property in implementation theory. Received: 22 February 2000/Accepted: 22 January 2002 I am grateful to Ryo-ichi Nagahisa, Shinji Ohseto, Hiroshi Ono, Tomoichi Shinotsuka and Shigehiro Serizawa for valuable comments. And I am indebted to two anonymous referees for useful suggestions. Especially, I owe the present proof of Lemma 2 to one referee. I also thank Yukihiko Funaki, Atsushi Kajii, Mamoru Kaneko, Eiichi Miyagawa, Tatsuyoshi Saijo, Manimay Sengupta, Yves Sprumont, Yoshikatsu Tatamitani, Manabu Toda, Takashi Ui, Takehiko Yamato, Naoki Yoshihara and the participants of the seminars in Hokkaido University, Kansai University, ISER (Osaka University), Otaru University of Commerce and Tsukuba University. All errors are my own responsiblity.     

高校合并对原医学院校学报的影响

高校合并将给合并前的原医学院校学报(以下简称学报)带来提高学术水平、扩大刊物影响力、增加稿源和扩展作者群的机会,但短期内学报刊名变更可能会影响检索系统数据库对其文献计量学参数的统计,也可能影响刊物的订阅.学报应抓住机遇,努力克服短期内的不利因素,不断提高刊载论文的学术水平,使学报越办越好.     

The dilemma of recognition: Administrative categories and cultural diversity

Governments around the world combat inequality by means of group-specific redistribution. Some pursue redistribution that benefits groups, but also wish to avoid accentuating or even recognizing group distinctions. This poses a dilemma that they try to resolve by adjusting the category system used to target redistribution. There are three types of adjustment: accommodation (the multicultural approach), denial (the ideal-typical liberal solution), and replacement (a compromise). In replacement the targets of redistributive policies are constructed to avoid accentuation or recognition of inconvenient group distinctions, but still allow redistribution that benefits these groups. Replacement is increasingly in demand around the world because the disadvantages of multiculturalism are becoming apparent while denial is hard to sustain in the face of group inequality. The actual effect of replacement is little researched and less understood, however. Does it resolve the dilemma of recognition? Two examples–India and Nigeria–where replacement has been tried ever since the 1950s cast doubt on its viability.     

对工程造价控制管理问题的探讨

分析我国工程造价管理中存在的问题;从工程建设全过程出发,论述如何控制工程造价。     

后现代主义生态观与技术创新活动的价值转向

后现代主义生态观是后现代主义理论体系的亮点,代表了一种人类对自然更为深刻的理解方式。传统技术创新活动核心追求的是经济价值,但在后现代主义生态观的影响下,技术创新有必要实行价值转向追求技术创新活动的生态价值;用经济学以外的其他学科尤其是对人与自然实行整体关怀的哲学来关注技术创新活动已经是一件迫在眉睫的事情。在以生态价值为取向的技术创新活动中,我们需要将技术创新活动终端从市场扩展到生态环境。为此,在理论与实践层面上,需要提出多种措施来推动我国企业技术创新活动的生态价值转向。     

“以人为本”与唯物史观

“以人为本”在不同的语境下具有不同的内涵。“以人为本”就是用哲学的理念把握社会,是一种价值理念和思维方式,而唯物史观本身就是关于人类社会历史的动态结构(包括建构)及其变化发展(包括发展动力)规律的基本理论观点。这种观点正是从现实的活生生的人出发,以他们的存在、以他们的现实生活和生产活动为前提的。同时,以人为本和唯物史观的终极目的————人的全面发展等也是一致的。可以说,唯物史观实现了以人为本的理念。